Abstract:
An antireflection structure (10) comprises a base (1), and a finely roughened antireflection part (2) formed in a surface of the base (1). The finely roughened antireflection part (2) includes a plurality of projections and depressions defined by the projections. The projections are distributed such that PMAX≦λMIN, where PMAX is the biggest one of distances between tips (2t) of the adjacent projections and λMIN is the shortest one of wavelengths of visible light rays in a vacuum. The sectional area of each projection in a plane parallel to the surface of the base (1) increases continuously from the tip (2t) toward the bottom (2b) of the depression adjacent to the projection. The shape (2Mt) of a tip part (Mt) of each projection in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the base (1) is sharper than the shape (2Mb) of a bottom part (Mb) of each depression in the same plane vertical to the surface of the base (1).
Abstract:
A magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic layer containing a non-magnetic powder abd a binder provided on a support, and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder and a binder provided on the non-magnetic layer, wherein the magnetic layer contains a hexagonal ferrite magnetic powder having an average tabular diameter of 10 to 28 nm and has a coercive force (Hc) of 135 to 400 kA/m, a ratio (Hc/Hk) of the Hc to an anisotropic magnetic field (Hk) of 0.3 to 0.6, and a maximum value of &Dgr;M of 0 to 0.10.
Abstract:
A limit-current type A/F sensor produces element current responsive to oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas when a voltage is applied to its sensor element portion. An application voltage control circuit comprises an operational amplifier and resistors. An output of the control circuit is applied to one terminal of the A/F sensor via a driver circuit. The other terminal of the A/F sensor is connected to an output terminal of an operational amplifier via a current-detecting resistor. The element current value, detected by the current-detecting resistor, is returned to the application voltage control circuit via a buffer. In the application voltage control circuit, adjustment of the gain is performed in such a manner that the inclination of the application voltage line on the V-I coordinate becomes larger than the inclination equivalent to the A.C. impedance of the sensor element in the sensor activated condition.
Abstract:
A gas concentration sensing apparatus includes a gas introducing portion for introducing a measurement gas. A first cell opposed to the gas introduction portion operates for pumping oxygen from the measurement gas in the gas introducing portion. A second cell opposed to the gas introducing portion operates for sensing a concentration in a specific component of the measurement gas from which oxygen has been pumped by the first cell. There is a reference gas chamber to which at least one of the first cell and the second cell is exposed. The one of the first cell and the second cell which is exposed to the reference gas chamber includes an electrode facing the gas introducing portion. A current flowing through the first cell is sensed. A voltage is applied to the first cell in response to the sensed current through the first cell. A current flowing through the second cell is sensed. A voltage is applied to the second cell in response to the sensed current through the second cell. A voltage at the electrode is floated from a voltage of 0 V.
Abstract:
A sulfur-containing O-(meth)acrylate compound of the following formula (1) is useful as a starting material for a resin composition used in optical applications such as a lens; wherein R represents hydrogen atom or methyl group; 1 represents an integer from 1 to 3; B is when B is n is 2; m is 1 or 2; A is selected from the following groups: wherein m represents 1 or 2; each ring may be substituted by one or more alkyl, alkylthio or alkoxy groups having 1 or 2 carbon atoms; p and q are 0 or 1, while m is 1 when p is 1; when B is n is 1; m is 2 or 3; A is selected from the following groups: —(CH2)r—S—(CH2)r—, —(CH2)r—S—S—(CH2)r—. —(CH2)r—S—(CH2)s—S—(CH2)r—and and wherein r and s are an integer from 1 to 3; when B is n is 1; m is 2; A is selected from the following groups: —(CH2)r—S—(CH2)r—, —CH2)r—S—S—(CH2)r and —(CH2)r—S—(CH2)s—S—(CH2)r— wherein r and s are an integer from 1 to 3.
Abstract:
A method of cutting metal materials and non-metal materials in a non-combustible gas atmosphere, the method including forming a non-combustible gas atmosphere, providing the non-combustible gas atmosphere to at least one of a cutting part of a machine tool and an area adjacent to the cutting part, and machining the metal materials and the non-metal materials using the cutting part, and where the non-combustible gas includes one of nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas, and where the non-combustible gas occupies a proportion of at least 90% of the non-combustible gas atmosphere.
Abstract:
A roller cage made of metal for holding rollers of a roller bearing, includes: separation bars separately defining a plurality of window holes along a peripheral direction of the bearing with a constant interval thereamong. The window holes respectively receive said rollers therein. Each of the separation bars includes: a contact surface being formed by press-molding one of an outer diameter surface side end portion and an inner diameter surface side end portion thereof, and contacting with the rolling surface of the roller; and an expansion portion expanding to a radial direction of the bearing at the other of the outer diameter surface side end portion and the inner diameter surface side end portion which is not subjected to the press-molding.
Abstract:
A calcining tool material, comprising a flame-spray zirconia coating layer made of unstabilized zirconia and stabilized or partially-stabilized zirconia in admixture, formed on the surface of an alumina-silica-based substrate having an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 content of not less than 65% by weight.
Abstract translation:一种煅烧工具材料,其包含由不稳定的氧化锆和稳定的或部分稳定的氧化锆组成的火焰喷涂氧化锆涂层,其中Al 2 O 3含量不小于65%的氧化铝 - 二氧化硅基底的表面上, 重量。
Abstract:
The present invention has been achieved by a material for a sintering appliance which comprises a base material comprising alumina.times.silica containing from 65 to 95% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 having formed on the surface thereof a flame-coated film comprising ZrO.sub.2 and CaO as main components, wherein the content of CaO is from 23 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the ZrO.sub.2 and CaO, the mineral composition of the main components of the coated film is calcium zirconate. Preferably the difference of thermal expansion between the base material and the flame-coated film is 0.3 or more at 1,200.degree. C.
Abstract translation:本发明通过一种烧结器具材料实现,该材料包括一种基材,它包含含有65至95重量%的Al 2 O 3的硅铝白粉,其表面上形成有以ZrO 2和CaO为主要成分的火焰涂覆膜,其中 基于ZrO 2和CaO的重量,CaO的含量为23〜30重量%,涂膜的主要成分的矿物组成为锆酸钙。 优选地,基材和火焰涂覆膜之间的热膨胀差在1,200℃下为0.3以上
Abstract:
A cross-linked polyurethane resin powder includes a powder including particles made from a hard or a semi-hard polyurethane resin. The particles have a superficial portion and an internal portion disposed inside the superficial portion, and involve cross-linked bondings therein. Part of the cross-linked bondings are unchanged, and another part thereof are broken to result in activated groups. At least part of the activated groups are exposed on the superficial portion of the particles. The cross-linked polyurethane resin powder is produced by hydrolyzing a hard or semi-hard polyurethane resin in the presence of water and in a temperature range of from a hydrolysis temperature of the resin to a liquefying temperature thereof, and by applying a predetermined shearing force to the resin. The cross-linked polyurethane resin powder can disperse well in resinous substrates, and can upgrade the physical properties of the resulting recycled products.