摘要:
A method for implementing resource and admission control in PUSH mode in nomadism scenario of NGN comprises the following steps: after a subscriber accesses NGN in a visited network, initiates a service request to AF of a home network thereof, and receives a resource request transmitted by AF, SPDF of the home network transmitting the resource request to A-RACF of the visited network through SPDF of the visited network; A-RACF of the visited network making a resource policy decision on the resource request, and transmitting the decision result to RCEF of the visited network for policy installation; A-RACF of the visited network transmitting a resource request response to SPDF of the home network through SPDF of the visited network; in these steps, after receiving the resource request, SPDF of the home network and/or SPDF of the visited network perform authorization examining for the resource request.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for resource and admission control. In the process of resource requesting: upon receiving a resource initialization request, which is used for requesting a QoS resource for a service, sent by an SCF, a PD-FE of a visited network performing an authorization check and a resource availability check for the resource initialization request, and sending the resource initialization request to a PD-FE of a home network; the PD-FE of the home network performing an authorization check and making an initial policy decision for the resource initialization request, and sending a resource initialization response containing the generated initial policy decision to the PD-FE of the visited network; and the PD-FE of the visited network making a final admission decision for the resource initialization request according to the initial decision policy and the result of the resource availability check. The method provided by the present invention specifies respective functional attributes of the PACF in the home network and of the PACF in the visited network and the interaction process between the two, and solves the problem of resource and admission control supporting roaming.
摘要:
An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for a carbon nanotube templated battery electrode. The apparatus includes a substrate, and a plurality of catalyst areas extending upward from the substrate, the plurality of catalyst areas forming a patterned frame. The apparatus also includes a carbon nanotube forest grown on each of the plurality of catalyst areas and extending upward therefrom such that a shape of the patterned frame is maintained, and a coating attached to each carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube forest, the coating formed of an electrochemically active material. The system includes the apparatus, and a particulate cathode material distributed evenly across the apparatus such that the particulate cathode material fills the passages, a current collector film formed on top of the particulate cathode material, and a porous spacer disposed between the apparatus and the cathode.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a method for selecting a policy and charging rules function server in a non-roaming scenario to achieve that the PCC policies for each IP-CAN session are determined only by one PCRF. The method comprises of a Diameter Routing Agent (DRA) establishing an association relationship table in which IP Connectivity Access Network (IP-CAN) session information and corresponding address information of a Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) server are stored; and when a Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF) entity and a Gateway Control Function Entity (GWCF) requests the PCRF for or to update a Policy and Charging Control (PCC) policy of one IP-CAN session, or when an Application Function (AF) entity sends application information or service information down to the PCRF, obtaining the address information of the PCRF associated with said IP-CAN session from said DRA, then performing subsequent processing.
摘要:
A method for selecting a policy and charging rules function entity in the non-roaming scenario includes the following steps: when a diameter routing agent DRA receives an indication message of the IP connectivity access network IP-CAN session establishment, the indication message is forwarded to a PCRF according to the related relationship which is set up and saved for allocating the policy and charging rules function PCRF entity to the IP-CAN session; and the corresponding policy and charging control PCC policy, which is made for the IP-CAN session by the PCRF, is forwarded to the provider's IP application function AF and the network element, which has policy and charging enforcement function, corresponding to the IP-CAN session.
摘要:
A method for implementing resource and admission control in PUSH mode in nomadism scenario of NGN comprises the following steps: after a subscriber accesses NGN in a visited network, initiates a service request to AF of a home network thereof, and receives a resource request transmitted by AF, SPDF of the home network transmitting the resource request to A-RACF of the visited network through SPDF of the visited network; A-RACF of the visited network making a resource policy decision on the resource request, and transmitting the decision result to RCEF of the visited network for policy installation; A-RACF of the visited network transmitting a resource request response to SPDF of the home network through SPDF of the visited network; in these steps, after receiving the resource request, SPDF of the home network and/or SPDF of the visited network perform authorization examining for the resource request.
摘要:
The present invention provides nucleic acids that include a nucleotide sequence that encodes an siRNA, which nucleotide sequence is operably linked to a target cell-specific promoter RNA polymerase II promoter. The present invention further provides vectors, including expression vectors, which include a subject nucleic acid; and host cells that harbor a subject nucleic acid or a subject expression vector. The present invention further provides methods of modulating (e.g., reducing) expression of a gene in a target cell-specific manner, the methods generally involving introducing into a cell a subject expression vector.
摘要:
The present invention is test structures in unused areas of semiconductor integrated circuits and methods for designing the same. In an exemplary aspect of the present invention, a method for placing test structures in a semiconductor integrated circuit includes: (a) detecting a dummy area in a semiconductor integrated circuit, the semiconductor integrated circuit including probe pads on a top metal layer; (b) filling the dummy area with active test cells, the active test cells being connected to one another; and (c) connecting each of the active test cells to the probe pads with a metal line.
摘要:
An EUV light source apparatus and method are disclosed, which may comprise a pulsed laser providing laser pulses at a selected pulse repetition rate focused at a desired target ignition site; a target formation system providing discrete targets at a selected interval coordinated with the laser pulse repetition rate; a target steering system intermediate the target formation system and the desired target ignition site; and a target tracking system providing information about the movement of target between the target formation system and the target steering system, enabling the target steering system to direct the target to the desired target ignition site. The target tracking system may provide information enabling the creation of a laser firing control signal, and may comprise a droplet detector comprising a collimated light source directed to intersect a point on a projected delivery path of the target, having a respective oppositely disposed light detector detecting the passage of the target through the respective point, or a detector comprising a linear array of a plurality of photo-sensitive elements aligned to a coordinate axis, the light from the light source intersecting a projected delivery path of the target, at least one of the which may comprise a plane-intercept detection device. The droplet detectors may comprise a plurality of droplet detectors each operating at a different light frequency, or a camera having a field of view and a two dimensional array of pixels imaging the field of view. The apparatus and method may comprise an electrostatic plasma containment apparatus providing an electric plasma confinement field at or near a target ignition site at the time of ignition, with the target tracking system providing a signal enabling control of the electrostatic plasma containment apparatus. The apparatus and method may comprise a vessel having and intermediate wall with a low pressure trap allowing passage of EUV light and maintaining a differential pressure across the low pressure trap. The apparatus and method may comprise a magnetic plasma confinement mechanism creating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the target ignition site to confine the plasma to the target ignition site, which may be pulsed and may be controlled using outputs from the target tracking system.
摘要:
An EUV light source apparatus and method are disclosed, which may comprise a pulsed laser providing laser pulses at a selected pulse repetition rate focused at a desired target ignition site; a target formation system providing discrete targets at a selected interval coordinated with the laser pulse repetition rate; a target steering system intermediate the target formation system and the desired target ignition site; and a target tracking system providing information about the movement of target between the target formation system and the target steering system, enabling the target steering system to direct the target to the desired target ignition site. The target tracking system may provide information enabling the creation of a laser firing control signal, and may comprise a droplet detector comprising a collimated light source directed to intersect a point on a projected delivery path of the target, having a respective oppositely disposed light detector detecting the passage of the target through the respective point, or a detector comprising a linear array of a plurality of photo-sensitive elements aligned to a coordinate axis, the light from the light source intersecting a projected delivery path of the target, at least one of the which may comprise a plane-intercept detection device. The droplet detectors may comprise a plurality of droplet detectors each operating at a different light frequency, or a camera having a field of view and a two dimensional array of pixels imaging the field of view. The apparatus and method may comprise an electrostatic plasma containment apparatus providing an electric plasma confinement field at or near a target ignition site at the time of ignition, with the target tracking system providing a signal enabling control of the electrostatic plasma containment apparatus. The apparatus and method may comprise a vessel having and intermediate wall with a low pressure trap allowing passage of EUV light and maintaining a differential pressure across the low pressure trap. The apparatus and method may comprise a magnetic plasma confinement mechanism creating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the target ignition site to confine the plasma to the target ignition site, which may be pulsed and may be controlled using outputs from the target tracking system.