摘要:
An EUV light source apparatus and method are disclosed, which may comprise a pulsed laser providing laser pulses at a selected pulse repetition rate focused at a desired target ignition site; a target formation system providing discrete targets at a selected interval coordinated with the laser pulse repetition rate; a target steering system intermediate the target formation system and the desired target ignition site; and a target tracking system providing information about the movement of target between the target formation system and the target steering system, enabling the target steering system to direct the target to the desired target ignition site. The target tracking system may provide information enabling the creation of a laser firing control signal, and may comprise a droplet detector comprising a collimated light source directed to intersect a point on a projected delivery path of the target, having a respective oppositely disposed light detector detecting the passage of the target through the respective point, or a detector comprising a linear array of a plurality of photo-sensitive elements aligned to a coordinate axis, the light from the light source intersecting a projected delivery path of the target, at least one of the which may comprise a plane-intercept detection device. The droplet detectors may comprise a plurality of droplet detectors each operating at a different light frequency, or a camera having a field of view and a two dimensional array of pixels imaging the field of view. The apparatus and method may comprise an electrostatic plasma containment apparatus providing an electric plasma confinement field at or near a target ignition site at the time of ignition, with the target tracking system providing a signal enabling control of the electrostatic plasma containment apparatus. The apparatus and method may comprise a vessel having and intermediate wall with a low pressure trap allowing passage of EUV light and maintaining a differential pressure across the low pressure trap. The apparatus and method may comprise a magnetic plasma confinement mechanism creating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the target ignition site to confine the plasma to the target ignition site, which may be pulsed and may be controlled using outputs from the target tracking system.
摘要:
An EUV light source apparatus and method are disclosed, which may comprise a pulsed laser providing laser pulses at a selected pulse repetition rate focused at a desired target ignition site; a target formation system providing discrete targets at a selected interval coordinated with the laser pulse repetition rate; a target steering system intermediate the target formation system and the desired target ignition site; and a target tracking system providing information about the movement of target between the target formation system and the target steering system, enabling the target steering system to direct the target to the desired target ignition site. The target tracking system may provide information enabling the creation of a laser firing control signal, and may comprise a droplet detector comprising a collimated light source directed to intersect a point on a projected delivery path of the target, having a respective oppositely disposed light detector detecting the passage of the target through the respective point, or a detector comprising a linear array of a plurality of photo-sensitive elements aligned to a coordinate axis, the light from the light source intersecting a projected delivery path of the target, at least one of the which may comprise a plane-intercept detection device. The droplet detectors may comprise a plurality of droplet detectors each operating at a different light frequency, or a camera having a field of view and a two dimensional array of pixels imaging the field of view. The apparatus and method may comprise an electrostatic plasma containment apparatus providing an electric plasma confinement field at or near a target ignition site at the time of ignition, with the target tracking system providing a signal enabling control of the electrostatic plasma containment apparatus. The apparatus and method may comprise a vessel having and intermediate wall with a low pressure trap allowing passage of EUV light and maintaining a differential pressure across the low pressure trap. The apparatus and method may comprise a magnetic plasma confinement mechanism creating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the target ignition site to confine the plasma to the target ignition site, which may be pulsed and may be controlled using outputs from the target tracking system.
摘要:
An EUV light source apparatus and method are disclosed, which may comprise a pulsed laser providing laser pulses at a selected pulse repetition rate focused at a desired target ignition site; a target formation system providing discrete targets at a selected interval coordinated with the laser pulse repetition rate; a target steering system intermediate the target formation system and the desired target ignition site; and a target tracking system providing information about the movement of target between the target formation system and the target steering system, enabling the target steering system to direct the target to the desired target ignition site. The target tracking system may provide information enabling the creation of a laser firing control signal, and may comprise a droplet detector comprising a collimated light source directed to intersect a point on a projected delivery path of the target, having a respective oppositely disposed light detector detecting the passage of the target through the respective point, or a detector comprising a linear array of a plurality of photo-sensitive elements aligned to a coordinate axis, the light from the light source intersecting a projected delivery path of the target, at least one of the which may comprise a plane-intercept detection device. The droplet detectors may comprise a plurality of droplet detectors each operating at a different light frequency, or a camera having a field of view and a two dimensional array of pixels imaging the field of view. The apparatus and method may comprise an electrostatic plasma containment apparatus providing an electric plasma confinement field at or near a target ignition site at the time of ignition, with the target tracking system providing a signal enabling control of the electrostatic plasma containment apparatus. The apparatus and method may comprise a vessel having and intermediate wall with a low pressure trap allowing passage of EUV light and maintaining a differential pressure across the low pressure trap. The apparatus and method may comprise a magnetic plasma confinement mechanism creating a magnetic field in the vicinity of the target ignition site to confine the plasma to the target ignition site, which may be pulsed and may be controlled using outputs from the target tracking system.
摘要:
In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. At least a portion of the elongated nanostructures may be removed after being coated. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.
摘要:
An apparatus for implementing policy control for home gateway comprises a Co-located Policy Decision Function Entity (PD-FE) for receiving the QoS policy issued by the PD-FE at network side and sending the QoS policy to the home gateway or issuing the QoS policy configured thereon to the home gateway. A method for implementing the policy control for home gateway, the method comprises: the Co-located PD-FE receiving the QoS policy issued by the PD-FE at network side or being configured with the QoS policy; and the Co-located PD-FE issuing the QoS policy to home gateways. With the present invention, the Resource and Admission Control Function (RACF) avoids controlling the home gateway directly or sending the policy to the home gateways in the case that there are a lot of home gateways and all the home gateways are scattered at the edge of the network.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for resource and admission control. In the process of resource requesting: upon receiving a resource initialization request, which is used for requesting a QoS resource for a service, sent by an SCF, a PD-FE of a visited network performing an authorization check and a resource availability check for the resource initialization request, and sending the resource initialization request to a PD-FE of a home network; the PD-FE of the home network performing an authorization check and making an initial policy decision for the resource initialization request, and sending a resource initialization response containing the generated initial policy decision to the PD-FE of the visited network; and the PD-FE of the visited network making a final admission decision for the resource initialization request according to the initial decision policy and the result of the resource availability check. The method provided by the present invention specifies respective functional attributes of the PACF in the home network and of the PACF in the visited network and the interaction process between the two, and solves the problem of resource and admission control supporting roaming.
摘要:
A method and system for controlling home gateway policy are disclosed. The method comprises: a Resource and Admission Control Function (RACF) entity sends down a policy to a home gateway, and the home gateway performs a policy execution for an uplink packet passing through the home gateway according to the policy received. With the policy control method and system of the present invention, the policy is sent down to the home gateway through the RACF, Quality of Service (QoS) control is made for the uplink packet passing through the home gateway before Bandwidth Remote Access Server (BRAS), effective QoS assurance is provided for the uplink packets before arriving at the BRAS, and meanwhile, the problem of heavy load of a convergence layer of a metropolitan area network in the prior art is solved.
摘要:
A photoluminescent layer including a silicone resin film; at least one color of phosphors distributed throughout the silicone resin film; and a base film on a first surface of the silicone resin film.
摘要:
A transistor structure is provided for ESD protection in an integrated circuit device. A semiconductor substrate has source and drain diffusion regions and respective source and drain wells under the source and drain diffusion regions. A shallow trench isolation formed over the semiconductor substrate and into the semiconductor substrate separates the source and drain diffusion regions and a portion of the source and drain wells. Source and drain contact structures respectively formed on the shallow trench isolation over the source and drain diffusion regions and extend through the shallow trench isolation to contact the source and drain diffusion regions. An ion implantation is performed through the contact openings into the bottoms of the source and drain wells to control the device trigger voltage and position the discharge current far away from the surface, which increases the device ESD performance significantly.
摘要:
A new method for forming a silicon-on-insulator MOSFET while eliminating floating body effects is described. A silicon-on-insulator substrate is provided comprising a silicon semiconductor substrate underlying an oxide layer underlying a silicon layer. A first trench is etched partially through the silicon layer and not to the underlying oxide layer. Second trenches are etched fully through the silicon layer to the underlying oxide layer wherein the second trenches separate active areas of the semiconductor substrate and wherein one of the first trenches lies within each of the active areas. The first and second trenches are filled with an insulating layer. Gate electrodes and associated source and drain regions are formed in and on the silicon layer in each active area. An interlevel dielectric layer is deposited overlying the gate electrodes. First contacts are opened through the interlevel dielectric layer to the underlying source and drain regions. A second contact opening is made through the interlevel dielectric layer in each of the active regions wherein the second contact opening contacts both the first trench and one of the second trenches. The first and second contact openings are filled with a conducting layer to complete formation of a silicon-on-insulator device in the fabrication of integrated circuits.