公开(公告)号：US5817221A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-06

申请号：US597026

申请日：1996-02-05

Applicant: Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Flavio Tinoco

Inventor： Johna Leddy ,  Sudath Amarasinghe ,  Flavio Tinoco

IPC: B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/025 ,  B03C1/034 ,  B03C1/035 ,  C23C6/00 ,  C23C24/08 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25D3/54 ,  G21F9/12 ,  H01F1/00 ,  H01F10/00 ,  H01F41/24 ,  H01F41/26 ,  H01F41/30 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/24 ,  H01M10/42 ,  G25B11/00

CPC classification number: B03C1/01 ,  B03C1/025 ,  B03C1/034 ,  B03C1/035 ,  B82Y25/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C23C24/08 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C23C6/00 ,  C25B11/00 ,  C25D3/54 ,  G21F9/12 ,  H01F1/0027 ,  H01F1/009 ,  H01F10/007 ,  H01F41/24 ,  H01F41/26 ,  H01F41/301 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8857 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01F1/0054 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M8/249 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different species of materials, for example, transition metal species such as lanthanides and actinides. A variety of devices can be made utilizing the composites including a separator, an electrode for channeling flux of magnetic species, an electrode for effecting electrolysis of magnetic species, a system for channeling electrolyte species, a system for separating particles with different magnetic susceptibilities, improved fuel cells, batteries, and oxygen concentrators. Some composites can be used to make a separator for distinguishing between two species of materials and a flux switch to regulate the flow of a chemical species. Some composites can control chemical species transport and distribution. Other composites enable ambient pressure fuel cells having enhanced performance and reduced weight to be produced. Still other composites enable rechargeable batteries to be made that have longer secondary cycle life and improved output power. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.

Abstract translation: 由于梯度界面，磁性复合材料表现出不同的通量特性。 该复合材料可用于改善燃料电池和电池，并影响不同种类材料的输送和分离，例如过渡金属物质如镧系元素和锕系元素。 可以利用包括分离器，用于引导磁性物质通量的电极，用于实现磁性物质电解的电极，用于引导电解质物质的系统，用于分离具有不同磁化率的颗粒的系统的改进的复合材料来制备各种装置 燃料电池，电池和氧气浓缩器。 一些复合材料可用于制造用于区分两种材料的分离器和用于调节化学物质流动的通量开关。 一些复合材料可以控制化学物种的运输和分配。 其他复合材料能够产生具有增强性能和减轻重量的环境压力的燃料电池。 其他复合材料使得可再生电池具有更长的二次循环寿命和改善的输出功率。 涉及这些复合材料的方法为这些复合材料提供了不同的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4804592A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

申请号：US109133

申请日：1987-10-16

Applicant: Nicholas E. Vanderborgh ,  James R. Huff ,  Johna Leddy

Inventor： Nicholas E. Vanderborgh ,  James R. Huff ,  Johna Leddy

IPC: C25B11/00 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/10

CPC classification number: H01M4/9075 ,  C25B11/00 ,  H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/9091 ,  H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039

Abstract: A porous composite electrode for use in electrochemical cells. The electrode has a first face and a second face defining a relatively thin section therebetween. The electrode is comprised of an ion conducting material, an electron conducting material, and an electrocatalyst. The volume concentration of the ion conducting material is greatest at the first face and is decreased across the section, while the volume concentration of the electron conducting material is greatest at the second face and decreases across the section of the electrode. Substantially all of the electrocatalyst is positioned within the electrode section in a relatively narrow zone where the rate of electron transport of the electrode is approximately equal to the rate of ion transport of the electrode.

Abstract translation: 一种用于电化学电池的多孔复合电极。 电极具有在其间限定相对薄的部分的第一面和第二面。 电极由离子导电材料，电子传导材料和电催化剂组成。 离子导电材料的体积浓度在第一面处最大，并且在整个截面上减小，而电子传导材料的体积浓度在第二面处最大并且在电极的截面上减小。 基本上所有的电催化剂都位于电极部分内的相对窄的区域中，其中电极的电子传输速率近似等于电极的离子传输速率。