摘要:
A compact and inexpensive refractory monitoring temperature sensor and a compact and inexpensive refractory erosion location measuring device which can effect continuous detection of erosion over a wide range and specification of a location of an erosion and further can be re-used and used continuously. The temperature sensor includes at least two metal members and an insulating substance (2) filled between the metal members. The sensor detects a condition of an erosion of a refractory not from a melting breakdown of the sensor but from a variation in insulation resistance of the insulating substance which arises from a high temperature of the refractory due to erosion of the refractory. The measuring device incorporates such temperature sensor and discriminates an amount and a location of erosion of the refractory from a variation in insulation resistance between the metal members.
摘要:
A method for producing cold rolled titanium strips having good surface quality. The cold rolling of a titanium strip is carried out under the conditions represented by the following formula:X.ltoreq.(48673/Y.sup.1.3283)where X is an average grain size (.mu.m) of the pre-cold rolled titanium strip and Y is a diameter (mm) of the roll for the cold rolling.
摘要:
A titanium alloy having a high degree of internal friction and suitable for rotating blades of turbomachines is composed of 5.5 - 6.75% Al, 1 - 5% V, 1 - 5% Mo, V plus Mo being greater than or equal to 5%, and the balance Ti and usual impurities, all by weight. A method of heat-treating the alloy comprises maintaining the same at a temperature not lower than 125.degree. C below its .beta. transformation point for a predetermined period of time and then rapidly cooling the alloy.
摘要:
A power conversion circuit connected to a three phase alternating current line is controlled in a PWM system. To control an arm corresponding to each phase, first to third carrier wave signals are generated. The first to third carrier wave signals include two signals having phases, respectively, offset by 180 degrees from each other. This allows a zero phase component to less frequently reach a peak value and be accordingly reduced as time averaged. This can reduce a zero phase harmonic component generated from a power supply apparatus.
摘要:
A camera module includes a barrel, a movable lens movable in the barrel in an optical axis direction, an imaging device that captures an image of a subject viewed through the movable lens and an actuator that changes the distance between the movable lens and the imaging device. The actuator has a first power feed terminal at one end thereof and a second power feed terminal at the other end thereof. The first terminal is attached on the side where the movable lens is present. The second terminal is attached on the side where the barrel is present. The actuator bends when electric power is fed to each of the first and second terminals and changes the distance between the movable lens and the imaging device.
摘要:
A user interface device and a PDA include: a transparent panel unit possessing plural layers, each provided with plural transparent deformation sections deformable to a specified shape by injection or discharge of fluid; a fluid channel unit possessing, in common or separately, two transparent fluid channels to inject and to discharge fluid to and from the deformation sections; a fluid pump unit to discharge or suck fluid to and from the fluid channel unit; a display panel unit provided with the transparent panel unit over an upper surface of the display panel unit and possessing a screen surface to display an image; and a controller to control injection and discharge of the fluid to and from the deformation sections of the transparent panel unit, corresponding to an image to be displayed on the screen of the display panel unit. Information can be conveyed tactilely and visually to a user.
摘要:
An actuator includes an ion-conductive polymer layer made of a first ion-conductive polymer, a pair of electrode layers provided one on each side of the ion-conductive polymer layer and made of a second ion-conductive polymer and conductive powder, and ions contained in the ion-conductive polymer layer and electrode layers. The first and second ion-conductive polymers differ in functional group type from each other.
摘要:
An actuator includes: an ion conductive polymer layer including an ion conductive polymer; a pair of electrode layers disposed on both surfaces of the ion conductive polymer layer; and an ionic liquid contained in the ion conductive polymer layer and the electrode layers; wherein the electrode layers contain at least an ion conductive polymer and carbon powder, and kinds of carbon powders included on an inside and an outside of the electrode layers are different from each other.
摘要:
An optical element module includes an optical element, and a plurality of actuator elements. In the module, each actuator element has an ion conductive polymer film and electrodes arranged on both sides of the film, and a whole of the actuator element is bent in a direction of thickness by applying a voltage between the electrodes, and the direction of the thickness of the actuator elements is a direction of an optical axis of the optical element, the actuator elements are arranged at equal intervals around the optical axis on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and a displacement due to the bend of one end part of at least one actuator element acts on one of a side surface and a bottom surface of the optical element to effect one of tilting and movement in the direction of the optical axis of the optical element.
摘要:
An optical element module includes an optical element, and a plurality of actuator elements. In the module, the plurality of actuator elements are arranged such that a direction of width of the oblong strip shape of the plurality of actuator elements is a direction of the optical axis and such that a direction of thickness of the plurality of actuator elements is perpendicular to the optical axis, another end part in a direction of length of the plurality of actuator elements is fixed such that one end part in the direction of length of the plurality of actuator elements is displaced by the bending to move the optical element, and at least one actuator element A of the plurality of actuator elements is disposed such that a direction in which the one end part of the actuator element A is displaced by the bending (X-direction) is orthogonal to a direction in which the one end part of another actuator element B is displaced by the bending (Y-direction).