摘要:
A method for producing cold rolled titanium strips having good surface quality. The cold rolling of a titanium strip is carried out under the conditions represented by the following formula:X.ltoreq.(48673/Y.sup.1.3283)where X is an average grain size (.mu.m) of the pre-cold rolled titanium strip and Y is a diameter (mm) of the roll for the cold rolling.
摘要:
A hydrostatic extrusion method and apparatus for the extrusion of tubes is disclosed wherein the simplified structure of the nose or tip portion of the billet and the cooperating surfaces of the die defining the die cavity and those of the mandrel facilitate an improved initial sealing among the associated surfaces of the die, billet and mandrel. Such an initial sealing is effected between such interfaces of the members and billet at a point which is located substantially rearwardly from the position at which the actual extrusion to the final tubular configuration occurs between the bearing portion of the die and the cooperating sizing portion of the mandrel. Such structure and method permits the extrusion of tubes having walls of asymmetric or non-circular configurations in cross section, even those of complex configurations. In order to further enhance the efficacies of the present invention, the mandrel is provided with a head portion which may be replaced, or exchanged as desired, and a position-aligning member is associated with the mandrel in order to maintain the proper orientation of the mandrel relative to the die. The mandrel may also have a specifically designed configuration in order to provide the inner surface of the tube extruded with a gloss finish.
摘要:
In the manufacture of compound billets composed of two or more different metals for use in hydrostatic extrusion, care must be exercised to see whether or not products possessing a predetermined compound status are produced from the compound billets by means of the hydrostatic extrusion process. The compound billets manufactured through the method of this invention do not, in the hydrostatic extrusion process, possess the usual defects caused by discrepancies between the mechanical properties of a plurality of different metallic materials constituting the billets, especially, and in particular, it is true that the compound billets are free from defects caused by surface slip taking place between the surfaces of the internal and external layer materials of the compound billet of the different metallic materials, and the method according to the present invention is characterized in that the formation of the nose part is undertaken by plastic forming of the same, such as roll forming and swazing, from the outside while maintaining an interior condition wherein air is expelled from the space formed between the contacting surfaces of the different metallic materials. As a result, the materials are mechanically bonded together and the surface areas of the materials of the billet at the deformed nose portion to be presented to the die are equal and it becomes possible to carry out a hydrostatic extrusion of the compound materials under a combination of different metallic materials covering an extremely wide selection.
摘要:
There are disclosed herein a method and an apparatus for manufacturing tubes or tubular bodies by means of hydrostatic extrusion, which tubes or tubular bodies have axially running holes therethrough having cross-sections of irregular shapes. The method and apparatus utilize a mandrel of novel construction which comprises a conical tip portion having a smooth peripheral surface, a cut or grooved intermediate portion with a sloped groove starting at a peripheral edge and a body portion formed with a flange and adapted to move longitudinally of a pressure chamber, as necessary. The conical tip portion is specifically intended to seal against the conical end of a metallic billet. Unless there is such a provision, there would be leakage of a fluid through the grooved portion because of direct contact of the grooved edge with the inner end surface of the billet. Thus, this method and the apparatus for performing the method enables one-step extrusion of tubes or tubular bodies having inner fins or inner walls having irregularly shaped cross-sections, with the accompanying advantages of providing complete sealing among the die, the billet and the mandrel, particularly in the initial stage of the extrusion.
摘要:
A die for use in a hot hydrostatic extrusion process, in which a billet comprised of aluminum or an aluminum alloy or a billet having aluminum and an aluminum alloy at its outer periphery is preheated and charged into a container whereupon extrusion is carried out by means of a pressure medium, said die comprising a plurality of stepped conical portions serving as approach portions to the die outlet; said conical portions having conical surfaces whose opening angles increase from the inlet of the die toward the outlet thereof, said conical surface which is closest to said inlet having an opening angle of less than 60 degrees, and the difference between the opening angles between adjacent conical surfaces being less than 90 degrees.
摘要:
A method and machine for use in hydrostatic extrusion wherein a portion of an elastic-plastic viscous pressure medium is introduced into the rear portion of a container, with the rear end thereof being sealed in a fluid tight fashion. The pressure medium being of such a nature that it has a high viscosity and cannot flow by itself. Subsequently, a billet is charged into the container and then a die is mounted in the container at the forward end thereof. The aforesaid pressure medium is caused to fill around the outer circumferential surface of the billet. In this respect, a high pressure seal is provided for the junctions between the die and the forward end of the container and between the die and the forward end of the billet before the pressure medium flows out of the container in a practically negligible small amount, immediately after which a pressure stem is pushed into the container from the rear end thereof, thus proceeding with the hydrostatic extrusion.
摘要:
A method and machine for use in hydrostatic extrusion wherein a portion of an elastic-plastic viscous pressure medium is introduced into the rear portion of a container, with the rear end thereof being sealed in a fluid tight fashion. The pressure medium being of such a nature that it has a high viscosity and cannot flow by itself. Subsequently, a billet is charged into the container and then a die is mounted in the container at the forward end thereof. The aforesaid pressure medium is caused to fill around the outer circumferential surface of the billet. In this respect, a high pressure seal is provided for the junctions between the die and the forward end of the container and between the die and the forward end of the billet before the pressure medium flows out of the container in a practically negligible small amount, immediately after which a pressure stem is pushed into the container from the rear end thereof, thus proceeding with the hydrostatic extrusion.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a conductor; a semiconductor chip disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the conductor; a tubular electrode having one end electrically connected to the conductor; and a sealing resin sealing the substrate, the semiconductor chip and the electrode. The electrode is configured to be extendable and contractible in the stacking direction in which the substrate and the semiconductor chip are stacked in the state before sealing of the sealing resin. The edge of the other end of the electrode is exposed from the sealing resin. The electrode has a hollow space opened at the edge of the other end. Therefore, a semiconductor device reduced in size and a method of manufacturing this semiconductor device can be provided.
摘要:
An information processing apparatus that executes information display processing is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a display unit that executes information display; and a data processing unit that executes a control of the information display of the display unit and data processing based on a user input. The data processing unit displays an image browsing screen, which corresponds to image data stored in a storage unit, on the display unit and executes display of a map at the position, which corresponds to position information included in attribute information of a selected image, on the basis of a user's input of image selection information and map display request.
摘要:
A lattice pallet 13 having a large number of supporters for placing a plate 14 is installed to a table 12 so as to be freely fittable and removable. Bringing in of the plate 14 is performed by the method of raising the lattice pallet 13 with a crane with the plate 14 already having been loaded upon the lattice pallet 13 in a different location, transporting them over the table 12, and lowering them down onto the table 12. Directly after cutting has been completed, the lattice pallet 12 is raised and separated from the table 12 with the manufactured product and the left over material carried upon it and is taken away to a different location, and another lattice pallet 13 with another plate 14 mounted upon it is brought in with the crane upon the table 12, and the task of cutting this other plate 14 is commenced.