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    Protection of ranging sounding signals from physical level attacks
    41.
    发明授权
    Protection of ranging sounding signals from physical level attacks 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10277425B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-04-30

    申请号：US16152998

    申请日：2018-10-05

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Erik David Lindskog ,  Ning Zhang ,  Naveen Kumar Kakani ,  Alireza Raissinia ,  Xiaoxin Zhang

    IPC: H04L25/02 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04W12/12 ,  H04W84/12

    Abstract: Generally, the described techniques provide for protection mechanisms for sounding training signals transmitted between wireless devices when performing ranging sounding estimation. For example, sounding training signals may be encoded to include a sequence of phase rotations or cyclic shifts to protect the sounding training signal from peer devices. In some cases, encoding information associated with a long training field (LTF) may be transmitted either before or after the LTF is transmitted. Additionally or alternatively, a time delay may be introduced to the sounding training signal, where timing information may be removed from one or more fields of the sounding training signal and the time delay may be appended to an interframe spacing. Alternatively, a frame may be split into multiple frames with the sounding training signal in a first frame, and timing information in a second frame that is offset in time from the first frame.

    Protection of ranging sounding signals from physical level attacks
    42.
    发明授权
    Protection of ranging sounding signals from physical level attacks 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10135638B2

    公开(公告)日：2018-11-20

    申请号：US15943243

    申请日：2018-04-02

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Erik David Lindskog ,  Ning Zhang ,  Naveen Kumar Kakani ,  Alireza Raissinia ,  Xiaoxin Zhang

    IPC: H04W84/12 ,  H04L25/02

    Abstract: Generally, the described techniques provide for protection mechanisms for sounding training signals transmitted between wireless devices when performing ranging sounding estimation. For example, sounding training signals may be encoded to include a sequence of phase rotations or cyclic shifts to protect the sounding training signal from peer devices. In some cases, encoding information associated with a long training field (LTF) may be transmitted either before or after the LTF is transmitted. Additionally or alternatively, a time delay may be introduced to the sounding training signal, where timing information may be removed from one or more fields of the sounding training signal and the time delay may be appended to an interframe spacing. Alternatively, a frame may be split into multiple frames with the sounding training signal in a first frame, and timing information in a second frame that is offset in time from the first frame.

    Access point-assisted positioning framework
    43.
    发明授权
    Access point-assisted positioning framework 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09971014B2

    公开(公告)日：2018-05-15

    申请号：US14267717

    申请日：2014-05-01

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Xiaoxin Zhang ,  Sandip Homchaudhuri ,  Carlos Horacio Aldana

    IPC: H04W64/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  H04W56/00

    CPC classification number: G01S5/0236 ,  G01S5/0226 ,  H04W56/002 ,  H04W64/00

    Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for a wireless positioning framework in which an access point (AP) broadcasts a message within a beacon interval that identifies a transmission schedule for a set of stations. The message may include an information element identifying the stations in the set. The set may be determined based on station clock drifts and/or a ranging accuracy sought by the AP. The AP may also provide a station identifier, and frame spacing and delay parameters, which may be used to determine a distinct backoff for each station. Using distinct backoffs allow the stations to avoid collisions when sending the transmissions. The AP may receive the transmissions according to the identified schedule and may determine a range (e.g., round-trip time) for each station in the set based at least on a time at which the respective transmission is received.

    PASSIVE POSITIONING PROCEDURE AND USE OF SINGLE BURST ASAP FTM SESSIONS
    46.
    发明申请
    PASSIVE POSITIONING PROCEDURE AND USE OF SINGLE BURST ASAP FTM SESSIONS 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20180063809A1

    公开(公告)日：2018-03-01

    申请号：US15354955

    申请日：2016-11-17

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Santosh Vamaraju ,  Xiaoxin Zhang ,  Rahul Malik

    IPC: H04W64/00 ,  H04W4/02 ,  H04W24/10 ,  H04L12/26

    CPC classification number: H04W64/003 ,  H04L43/0864 ,  H04W4/023 ,  H04W24/10 ,  H04W64/00

    Abstract: Techniques for estimating a position of an observing station are disclosed based on capturing, at the observing station, a first and a second FTM message exchanged between a first messaging station and a second messaging station. At the observing station, a first time of arrival of the first FTM message and a second time of arrival of the second FTM message may be determined. Based on contents of one or more FTM messages, a first transmission-related time associated with the first FTM message and a second transmission-related time associated with the second FTM message may be obtained. The position of the observing station may be estimated based on (1) a position of the first messaging station, (2) a position of the second messaging station, (3) the first time of arrival, (4) the second time of arrival, (5) the first transmission-related time, and (6) the second transmission-related time.

    Cyclic shift delay detection using a classifier
    48.
    发明授权
    Cyclic shift delay detection using a classifier 有权
    使用分类器的循环移位延迟检测

    公开(公告)号：US09497641B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-11-15

    申请号：US13759844

    申请日：2013-02-05

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Lionel Jacques Garin ,  Vinay Sridhara ,  Xiaoxin Zhang ,  Sundar Raman ,  Gengsheng Zhang ,  Bernal A. Arroyo ,  Carlos Horacio Aldana

    IPC: H04W24/00 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/08

    CPC classification number: H04W24/00 ,  H04B7/0671 ,  H04B7/0828 ,  H04B7/0874

    Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods for determining a cyclic shift delay (CSD) mode from a plurality of CSD modes is disclosed. A received OFDM signal is converted to a channel impulse response (CIR) signal in the time domain and/or a channel frequency response (CFR) signal in the frequency domain. Matched filters and a comparator are used to determine a most likely current CSD mode. Alternatively, a classifier is used with a number of inputs including outputs from two or more matched filters and one or more outputs from a feature extractor. The feature extractor extracts features in the time domain from the CIR signal and/or in the frequency domain from the CFR signal useful in distinguishing various CSD modes.

    Abstract translation: 公开了用于从多个CSD模式确定循环移位延迟（CSD）模式的系统，装置和方法。 接收到的OFDM信号在时域中被转换为信道脉冲响应（CIR）信号和/或频域中的信道频率响应（CFR）信号。 匹配滤波器和比较器用于确定最可能的当前CSD模式。 或者，分类器使用多个输入，包括来自两个或多个匹配滤波器的输出和来自特征提取器的一个或多个输出。 特征提取器从CIR信号和/或频域中提取时域中的特征，来自用于区分各种CSD模式的CFR信号。

    FTM PROTOCOL WITH ANGLE OF ARRIVAL AND ANGLE OF DEPARTURE
    49.
    发明申请
    FTM PROTOCOL WITH ANGLE OF ARRIVAL AND ANGLE OF DEPARTURE 有权
    具有离岸角度和角度角度的FTM协议

    公开(公告)号：US20160234704A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-11

    申请号：US15013374

    申请日：2016-02-02

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Carlos Horacio Aldana ,  Xiaoxin Zhang

    IPC: H04W24/06 ,  H04L1/16 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04W72/04

    CPC classification number: H04W24/06 ,  G01S5/12 ,  G01S13/74 ,  H04L1/16 ,  H04L43/0864 ,  H04W72/0406 ,  H04W72/0446

    Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed that may perform ranging operations between an initiator device and a responder device. The initiator device may request the responder device to perform a ranging operation. The responder device may transmit a first fine timing measurement (FTM) frame to the initiator device, may receive an acknowledgement (ACK) frame from the responder device, and may transmit a second FTM frame to the initiator device. The second FTM frame may include a time value and angle information. The time value may indicate a difference between a time of departure (TOD) of the first FTM frame and a time of arrival (TOA) of the ACK frame. The angle information may indicate a direction of the initiator device relative to the responder device. The initiator device may determine its position, relative to the responder device, based at least in part on the received time value and angle information.

    Abstract translation: 公开了可以在启动器设备和响应器设备之间执行测距操作的设备和方法。 发起者设备可以请求应答者设备进行测距操作。 应答器设备可以向发起者设备发送第一精细定时测量（FTM）帧，可以从应答器设备接收确认（ACK）帧，并且可以向发起者设备发送第二FTM帧。 第二FTM帧可以包括时间值和角度信息。 时间值可以指示第一FTM帧的出发时间（TOD）与ACK帧的到达时间（TOA）之间的差。 角度信息可以指示发起者设备相对于应答器设备的方向。 发起者设备可以至少部分地基于所接收的时间值和角度信息来确定其相对于应答器设备的位置。

    FTM PROTOCOL WITH ANGLE OF ARRIVAL AND ANGLE OF DEPARTURE
    50.
    发明申请
    FTM PROTOCOL WITH ANGLE OF ARRIVAL AND ANGLE OF DEPARTURE 有权
    具有离岸角度和角度角度的FTM协议

    公开(公告)号：US20160234703A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-11

    申请号：US15013304

    申请日：2016-02-02

    Applicant: QUALCOMM Incorporated

    Inventor： Carlos Horacio Aldana ,  Xiaoxin Zhang

    IPC: H04W24/06 ,  H04W72/04 ,  H04L1/16

    CPC classification number: H04W24/06 ,  G01S5/12 ,  G01S13/74 ,  H04L1/16 ,  H04L43/0864 ,  H04W72/0406 ,  H04W72/0446

    Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are disclosed that may perform ranging operations between an initiator device and a responder device. The initiator device may request the responder device to perform a ranging operation. The responder device may transmit a first fine timing measurement (FTM) frame to the initiator device, may receive an acknowledgement (ACK) frame from the responder device, and may transmit a second FTM frame to the initiator device. The second FTM frame may include a time value and angle information. The time value may indicate a difference between a time of departure (TOD) of the first FTM frame and a time of arrival (TOA) of the ACK frame. The angle information may indicate a direction of the initiator device relative to the responder device.

    Abstract translation: 公开了可以在启动器设备和响应器设备之间执行测距操作的设备和方法。 发起者设备可以请求应答者设备进行测距操作。 应答器设备可以向发起者设备发送第一精细定时测量（FTM）帧，可以从应答器设备接收确认（ACK）帧，并且可以向发起者设备发送第二FTM帧。 第二FTM帧可以包括时间值和角度信息。 时间值可以指示第一FTM帧的出发时间（TOD）与ACK帧的到达时间（TOA）之间的差。 角度信息可以指示发起者设备相对于应答器设备的方向。

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