公开(公告)号：US07816853B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-19

申请号：US12188353

申请日：2008-08-08

申请人： Joerg Freudenberger ,  Sven Fritzler ,  Manfred Fuchs ,  Detlef Mattern ,  Peter Roehrer ,  Peter Schardt

发明人： Joerg Freudenberger ,  Sven Fritzler ,  Manfred Fuchs ,  Detlef Mattern ,  Peter Roehrer ,  Peter Schardt

IPC分类号： H01J1/62

CPC分类号： H01J35/065 ,  H01J1/34

摘要： A cathode has an emission layer that thermionically emits electrons upon exposure with a laser beam. The material of the emission layer has a product of density (ρ), measured in kg m 3 , heat capacity (Cp), measured in J kg ⁢ ⁢ K and heat conductivity (λ), measured in W mK that is, at room temperature, maximally 500,000 J 2 m 4 ⁢ K 2 ⁢ s . Such a cathode has an improved thermionic emission of electrons.

摘要翻译： 阴极具有在用激光束曝光时热离子发射电子的发射层。 发射层的材料具有密度（＆rgr。）的乘积，以kg m 3测量，热容量（Cp），以J kg·K K测量的热导率（λ），以W mK测量，即在 室温最大为500,000J 2 m 4 K 2 s。 这种阴极具有改进的电子的热离子发射。

公开(公告)号：US07801277B2

公开(公告)日：2010-09-21

申请号：US12055536

申请日：2008-03-26

申请人： Yun Zou ,  Yang Cao ,  Louis Paul Inzinna ,  Vasile Bogdan Neculaes

发明人： Yun Zou ,  Yang Cao ,  Louis Paul Inzinna ,  Vasile Bogdan Neculaes

IPC分类号： G21B4/00 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/00

CPC分类号： H01J35/065 ,  H01J2235/062

摘要： A system and method for limiting emittance growth in an electron beam is disclosed. The system includes an emitter element configured to generate an electron beam and an extraction electrode positioned adjacent to the emitter element to extract the electron beam out therefrom, the extraction electrode including an opening therethrough. The system also includes a meshed grid disposed in the opening of the extraction electrode to enhance intensity and uniformity of an electric field at a surface of the emitter element and an emittance compensation electrode (ECE) positioned adjacent to the meshed grid on the side of the meshed grid opposite that of the emitter element and configured to control emittance growth of the electron beam.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种限制电子束发射增长的系统和方法。 该系统包括被配置为产生电子束的发射体元件和与发射体元件相邻的引出电极，以从其中提取出电子束，该引出电极包括通过其的开口。 该系统还包括设置在引出电极的开口中的网状网格，以增强在发射体元件的表面处的电场的强度和均匀性，以及位于发射极元件侧面处的网状网格附近的发射率补偿电极（ECE） 网状网格与发射极元件的网格相反，并被配置为控制电子束的发射增长。

公开(公告)号：US07738632B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-15

申请号：US12238899

申请日：2008-09-26

申请人： Stefan Popescu ,  Georg Wittmann

发明人： Stefan Popescu ,  Georg Wittmann

IPC分类号： H01J35/06

CPC分类号： H01J35/18 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/482 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/087

摘要： An x-ray tube has a cathode that generates free electrons; an anode on which the free and accelerated electrons strikes so that x-ray radiation is generated; a cooling channel with coolant flowing therethrough to cool the anode; a vacuum region between the cathode and the anode; and an exit window through which the x-ray radiation exits from the x-ray tube. The anode is fashioned as a transmission anode; with the transmission anode arranged between the vacuum region and the cooling channel, with the cooling channel arranged between the transmission anode and the exit window; so the useful x-ray radiation passes through the coolant.

摘要翻译： X射线管具有产生自由电子的阴极; 一个阳极，自由和加速的电子在其上产生X射线辐射; 冷却通道，冷却剂流过其中以冷却阳极; 阴极和阳极之间的真空区域; 以及x射线辐射从X射线管离开的出射窗。 阳极被形成为传输阳极; 其中所述传输阳极布置在所述真空区域和所述冷却通道之间，所述冷却通道布置在所述传输阳极和所述出口之间; 所以有用的x射线辐射通过冷却剂。

公开(公告)号：US20100091938A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-15

申请号：US12572391

申请日：2009-10-02

申请人： Franz Fadler

发明人： Franz Fadler

IPC分类号： H05G1/60 ,  H01J35/08 ,  G21K1/04

CPC分类号： H01J35/065 ,  G21K1/046 ,  H01J2235/068

摘要： A multi-beam x-ray device has a multi-beam x-ray tube in the form of a polygon, wherein the focal spots of the x-ray radiation are arranged along the polygon sides. An x-ray tube control unit controls the x-ray radiation emission such that an x-ray beam is alternately emitted from each polygon side in a specified sequence. Multiple first diaphragms with at least one respective first diaphragm aperture are arranged such that they can move into the beam path of the x-ray tube. A first diaphragm, whose first diaphragm aperture limits the cross section of the x-ray beam emitted from the x-ray tube, is associated with every polygon side. A number of slice images can be generated from different directions without a movement of the x-ray tube.

摘要翻译： 多光束X射线装置具有多边形形式的多光束X射线管，其中x射线辐射的焦点沿多边形排列。 X射线管控制单元控制x射线辐射发射，使得x射线束以指定的顺序从每个多边形侧交替发射。 具有至少一个相应的第一光阑孔径的多个第一光阑被布置成使得它们能够移动到X射线管的光束路径中。 第一光阑，其第一光阑孔径限制从X射线管发射的X射线束的横截面，与每个多边形侧相关联。 可以从不同方向生成多个切片图像，而无需X射线管的移动。

公开(公告)号：US20100061518A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-11

申请号：US12208018

申请日：2008-09-10

申请人： Leif SMITH

发明人： Leif SMITH

IPC分类号： H01J35/18

CPC分类号： H01J35/32 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2235/205

摘要： The invention is directed to a miniaturized source (10; 20; 40; 80) of ionizing electromagnetic radiation, comprising a first electrode (11; 21; 41, 42; 81), which at least temporarily can function as a cathode, and a second electrode (12; 22; 43, 44, 45; 82), which at least temporarily can function as an anode, a first conductor (13; 23; 46, 47; 83) connected to the first electrode, and a second conductor (14; 24; 48, 49, 50; 84) connected to the second electrode. According to one embodiment, the first electrode and at least a portion of the first conductor are provided on a substrate (15; 10 25; 51; 85). According to another embodiment, also the second electrode and at least a portion of the second conductor are provided on the substrate. In all embodiments, the electrodes are arranged such that the electric field between the electrodes essentially is parallel to the surface of the substrate.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及电离电磁辐射的小型化源（10; 20; 40; 80），其包括至少暂时可用作阴极的第一电极（11; 21; 41,42; 81） 至少暂时可以用作阳极的第二电极（12; 22; 43,44,45; 82），连接到第一电极的第一导体（13; 23; 46,47; 83）和第二导体 （14; 24; 48,49,50; 84），其连接到所述第二电极。 根据一个实施例，第一电极和第一导体的至少一部分设置在基板（15; 10 25; 51; 85）上。 根据另一个实施例，第二电极和第二导体的至少一部分也设置在基板上。 在所有实施例中，电极被布置成使得电极之间的电场基本上平行于衬底的表面。

公开(公告)号：US20090316860A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-24

申请号：US12281453

申请日：2007-03-02

申请人： Masahiko Okunuki ,  Osamu Tsujii ,  Takeo Tsukamoto

发明人： Masahiko Okunuki ,  Osamu Tsujii ,  Takeo Tsukamoto

IPC分类号： H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/08

CPC分类号： H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/166 ,  H01J2235/168

摘要： A compact apparatus can form multi X-ray beams with good controllability. Electron beams (e) emitted from electron emission elements (15) of a multi electron beam generating unit (12) receive the lens effect of a lens electrode (19). The resultant electron beams are accelerated to the final potential level by portions of a transmission-type target portion (13) of an anode electrode (20). The multi X-ray beams (x) generated by the transmission-type target portion (13) pass through an X-ray shielding plate (23) and X-ray extraction portions (24) in a vacuum chamber and are extracted from the X-ray extraction windows (27) of a wall portion (25) into the atmosphere.

摘要翻译： 紧凑的装置可以形成具有良好可控性的多个X射线束。 从多电子束产生单元（12）的电子发射元件（15）发射的电子束（e）接收透镜电极（19）的透镜效应。 通过阳极电极（20）的透射型目标部分（13）的部分将所得的电子束加速到最终的电位。 由透射型目标部分（13）产生的多个X射线束（x）穿过真空室中的X射线屏蔽板（23）和X射线提取部分（24），并从X 将壁部分（25）的射线提取窗口（27）进入大气。

公开(公告)号：US20090285362A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-19

申请号：US12467974

申请日：2009-05-18

申请人： Curtis A. Birnbach

发明人： Curtis A. Birnbach

IPC分类号： H01J35/00

CPC分类号： H01J35/065 ,  A23L3/263 ,  A61L2/0011 ,  A61L2/082 ,  A61L11/00 ,  B09C1/002 ,  B09C1/08 ,  C02F1/008 ,  C02F1/305 ,  C02F1/307 ,  C02F2201/008 ,  C02F2201/326 ,  C02F2303/04 ,  H01J35/045 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/22 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H05G1/24

摘要： An apparatus for Flash X-ray irradiation of material includes a Flash X-ray source comprised of an electron gun and an anode. The electron gun comprises a field emission cold cathode having an electrode emitting surface, and a grid for controlling electron flow from the cathode to the anode. The anode has an electron-receiving main surface and an X-ray emitting, oppositely facing main surface. The X-ray emitting surface emits X-radiation into an irradiation volume. The X-ray emitting surface of the anode has orthogonally oriented first and second dimensions of greater than 2 millimeters each. A high voltage pulse power supply powers the Flash X-ray source. The electron gun, anode and high voltage pulse power supply are so constructed as to create sufficient X-radiation in said irradiation volume to achieve a desired level of irradiation of material in said volume.

摘要翻译： 用于材料的闪光X射线照射的装置包括由电子枪和阳极组成的闪光X射线源。 电子枪包括具有电极发射表面的场发射冷阴极和用于控制从阴极到阳极的电子流的栅格。 阳极具有电子接收主表面和X射线相对的主表面。 X射线发射表面将X射线发射到照射体积中。 阳极的X射线发射表面具有正交取向的第一和第二尺寸大于2毫米。 高压脉冲电源为闪光X射线源供电。 电子枪，阳极和高压脉冲电源被构造成在所述照射体积中产生足够的X射线，以达到所述体积中所需材料的照射水平。

公开(公告)号：US20090086918A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-02

申请号：US12238899

申请日：2008-09-26

申请人： Stefan Popescu ,  Georg Wittmann

发明人： Stefan Popescu ,  Georg Wittmann

IPC分类号： H01J5/18 ,  H01J35/10

CPC分类号： H01J35/18 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/482 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/08 ,  H01J2235/062 ,  H01J2235/087

摘要： An x-ray tube has a cathode that generates free electrons; an anode on which the free and accelerated electrons strikes so that x-ray radiation is generated; a cooling channel with coolant flowing therethrough to cool the anode; a vacuum region between the cathode and the anode; and an exit window through which the x-ray radiation exits from the x-ray tube. The anode is fashioned as a transmission anode; with the transmission anode arranged between the vacuum region and the cooling channel, with the cooling channel arranged between the transmission anode and the exit window; so the useful x-ray radiation passes through the coolant.

摘要翻译： X射线管具有产生自由电子的阴极; 一个阳极，自由和加速的电子在其上产生X射线辐射; 冷却通道，冷却剂流过其中以冷却阳极; 阴极和阳极之间的真空区域; 以及x射线辐射从X射线管离开的出射窗。 阳极被形成为传输阳极; 其中所述传输阳极布置在所述真空区域和所述冷却通道之间，所述冷却通道布置在所述传输阳极和所述出口之间; 所以有用的x射线辐射通过冷却剂。

公开(公告)号：US20080310594A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-18

申请号：US12138668

申请日：2008-06-13

申请人： Vitaliy Ziskin ,  Boris Oreper ,  Andrew Dean Foland

发明人： Vitaliy Ziskin ,  Boris Oreper ,  Andrew Dean Foland

IPC分类号： H01J35/06 ,  H01J5/18

CPC分类号： H01J35/065

摘要： X-ray radiation is generated at a target that emits x-ray radiation in response to being struck by accelerated electrons, the electrons being emitted by a cathode that emits electrons in response to being illuminated by electromagnetic radiation from a source, and the x-ray radiation is moved by orienting a surface that directs the electromagnetic radiation from the source toward the cathode.

摘要翻译： X射线辐射在响应被加速电子撞击而发射x射线辐射的目标处产生，电子由被源于电磁辐射照射的电子发射的阴极发射， 通过使从电源引出的电磁辐射朝向阴极的表面定向来移动射线辐射。

公开(公告)号：US20080095315A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-24

申请号：US12001631

申请日：2007-12-12

申请人： Heinz Busta

发明人： Heinz Busta

IPC分类号： H01J35/32 ,  H01J9/02

CPC分类号： H01J1/3042 ,  H01J1/3046 ,  H01J9/025 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J2201/30403 ,  H01J2201/30423

摘要： A method of operating and process for fabricating an electron source. A conductive rod is covered by an insulating layer, by dipping the rod in an insulation solution, for example. The rod is then covered by a field emitter material to form a layered conductive rod. The rod may also be covered by a second insulating material. Next, the materials are removed from the end of the rod and the insulating layers are recessed with respect to the field emitter layer so that a gap is present between the field emitter layer and the rod. The layered rod may be operated as an electron source within a vacuum tube by applying a positive bias to the rod with respect to the field emitter material and applying a higher positive bias to an anode opposite the rod in the tube. Electrons will accelerate to the charged anode and generate soft X-rays.