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公开(公告)号：US08566672B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-22
申请号：US13053962
申请日：2011-03-22
IPC分类号： G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1016 , G11C29/52 , G11C2029/0411
摘要： Error correction code (ECC) checkbits are generated for each write access to a memory address based on both the data to be written (the write data) and the memory address. The ECC checkbits are stored with the data and, in response to a read access at the memory address, are employed to check for errors in both the address and the data provided in response to the read access (the read data). The ECC checkbit generation process can result, for particular memory addresses, in checkbits that can incorrectly indicate whether errors are present in the read data. Accordingly, the checkbits can be selectively inverted based on the memory address so that the checkbit pattern will not result in an incorrect error detection or correction.
摘要翻译： 基于要写入的数据（写入数据）和存储器地址的每次对存储器地址的写入生成纠错码（ECC）校验码。 ECC校验位与数据一起存储，并且响应于在存储器地址处的读取访问来检查响应于读取访问（读取数据）提供的地址和数据中的错误。 对于特定的存储器地址，ECC校验位生成过程可能导致错误地指示读取数据中是否存在错误的校验位。 因此，可以基于存储器地址选择性地反转校验位，使得校验位模式不会导致不正确的错误检测或校正。
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52.发明申请SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SEMAPHORE-BASED PROTECTION OF SHARED SYSTEM RESOURCES 审中-公开用于基于分析系统资源保护的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20130111168A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-02
申请号：US13283187
申请日：2011-10-27
IPC分类号： G06F12/14
CPC分类号： G06F9/526
摘要： An electronic system includes multiple data access components (DACs), a semaphores module, and a memory protection unit (MPU). Any of the DACs may issue an access request, which requests access to a shared system resource. A region descriptor associated with the shared system resource specifies default access permissions for the DACs. The semaphores module implements a semaphore for the shared system resource, and produces semaphore signals indicating which one, if any, of the DACs has locked the semaphore for the shared system resource. More particularly, an access evaluation circuit of the MPU receives the default access permissions and the semaphore signals. When the semaphore is properly enabled, as indicated in the region descriptor, the access evaluation circuit produces effective access permissions for the DACs by potentially altering the default access permissions based on the semaphore signals. The MPU grants or denies the access request based on the effective access permissions.
摘要翻译： 电子系统包括多个数据访问组件（DAC），信号量模块和存储器保护单元（MPU）。 任何DAC都可以发出访问请求，该请求请求访问共享系统资源。 与共享系统资源相关联的区域描述符指定DAC的默认访问权限。 信号量模块为共享系统资源实现信号量，并产生信号量信号，指示DAC中哪一个已锁定共享系统资源的信号量。 更具体地，MPU的访问评估电路接收默认访问许可和信号量信号。 当信号量被正确启用时，如区域描述符所示，访问评估电路通过潜在地改变基于信号量信号的默认访问许可来为DAC产生有效的访问权限。 MPU根据有效的访问权限授予或拒绝访问请求。
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53.发明授权Data processing system for controlling execution of a debug function and method therefor 失效用于控制执行调试功能的数据处理系统及其方法
公开(公告)号：US6035422A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US857006
申请日：1997-05-15
CPC分类号： G06F11/3648 , G06F11/3636
摘要： A central processing unit (2) and a debug module (10) execute concurrent operations without requiring a data processor (3) to operate in a special debug mode. The use of a bus (25) to communicate data, address, and control information between a core (9) and debug module (10) allows debug module (10) to have access the same internal registers and memory locations as central processing unit (2). While debug module (10) and central processing unit (2) both have the ability to access the same internal registers and memory locations, central processing unit (2) may not modify a value stored in a plurality of breakpoint registers (50) when an Inhibit Processor Writes to Debug Registers (IPW) bit in a CSR (FIG. 8) of a plurality of control registers (40) is set. The IPW bit may only be modified by a command provided by an external development system (7).
摘要翻译： 中央处理单元（2）和调试模块（10）执行并行操作，而不需要数据处理器（3）以特殊调试模式操作。 使用总线（25）在核心（9）和调试模块（10）之间传送数据，地址和控制信息允许调试模块（10）访问与中央处理单元相同的内部寄存器和存储器位置（ 2）。 虽然调试模块（10）和中央处理单元（2）都具有访问相同的内部寄存器和存储器位置的能力，但是当中央处理单元（2）可以修改存储在多个断点寄存器（50）中的值时， 设置多个控制寄存器（40）的CSR（图8）中的抑制处理器写入调试寄存器（IPW）位。 IPW位只能由外部开发系统（7）提供的命令修改。
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54.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5911151A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-08
申请号：US630152
申请日：1996-04-10
CPC分类号： G06F9/30032 , G06F9/325
摘要： A computer processor (110) automatically generates block-size operand references during execution of standard instructions. As such a standard instruction is executed, the processor (110) continually examines the number of bytes to be moved (342) and the relative alignment of the operand address (352). At any time during instruction execution, if the operand address is zero modulo the block size, and at least a block sized number of bytes remain to be moved (354), the operand transfer is marked as a block-sized reference.This provides a convenient method for generating block-sized memory references to/from the targeted address space, independent of cache modes such as copyback, write-through, or non-cacheable. This may produce burst accesses, maximizing performance of the data transfer. Additionally, cache memory writes can be optimized to avoid cache line fill reads.The result is that such standard instructions become the optimal method of transferring data from a source to a destination without the need for special instructions.
摘要翻译： 计算机处理器（110）在执行标准指令期间自动生成块大小的操作数引用。 当执行这样的标准指令时，处理器（110）连续检查要移动的字节数（342）和操作数地址（352）的相对对齐。 在指令执行期间的任何时间，如果操作数地址为零模块的块大小，并且至少一个块大小的字节数仍然被移动（354），则操作数传输被标记为块大小的引用。 这提供了一种方便的方法，用于生成针对目标地址空间的块大小的内存引用，与缓存模式（如copyback，直写或非高速缓存）无关。 这可能会产生突发访问，从而最大限度地提高数据传输的性能。 此外，可以优化高速缓存存储器写入以避免高速缓存行填充读取。 结果是这样的标准指令成为将数据从源传送到目的地而不需要特殊指令的最佳方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5872940A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-16
申请号：US627669
申请日：1996-04-01
CPC分类号： G06F13/1694
摘要： A system bus controller (103) within a processor (101) includes programmable logic for different modes of chip enable signals on a per-address-space basis. This allows for a "glueless" interface (107) between the processor (101) and different types of external devices (111, 112, 113), such as memory devices. A chip select register value 604, 608, 612 is preprogrammed with respect to each external device coupled to the processor (101). This preprogrammed register value 604, 608, 612 is used by the system bus controller (103) to uniquely configure a read/write access signal to be sent to each of the external devices (111, 112, 113).
摘要翻译： 处理器（101）内的系统总线控制器（103）包括用于每个地址空间的不同模式的芯片使能信号的可编程逻辑。 这允许在处理器（101）和不同类型的外部设备（111,112,113）之间的诸如存储器设备之间的“无胶粘”接口（107）。 相对于耦合到处理器（101）的每个外部设备，对芯片选择寄存器值604,608,612进行预编程。 系统总线控制器（103）使用该预编程寄存器值604,608,612来唯一地配置要发送到每个外部设备（111,112,113）的读/写访问信号。
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56.发明授权Data processing system and method for storing and restoring a stack pointer 失效用于存储和恢复堆栈指针的数据处理系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5761491A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-02
申请号：US632187
申请日：1996-04-15
CPC分类号： G06F9/3816 , G06F11/0721 , G06F11/0793 , G06F9/3861
摘要： A data processor (3) implements a single system stack pointer (244) to create records of both supervisor and user stack operations when hardware support for misalignment of such stack operations is optional. The single system stack pointer is implemented as a self-aligning stack pointer which automatically aligns itself to a nearest 0-modulo-4 address below a current address setting such that no alignment system errors occur even when there is no hardware support for misaligned operands. Once the automatic alignment has occurred, the data processor stores a format field in an exception stack frame to indicate information about the alignment of the stack pointer at the time of the error. When the exception has been serviced, the processor uses the four bit format field stored in the exception stack frame to restore the stack pointer to its original value at the time of the exception.
摘要翻译： 当对这种堆栈操作的不对准的硬件支持是可选的时，数据处理器（3）实现单个系统堆栈指针（244）来创建监督者和用户堆栈操作的记录。 单个系统堆栈指针被实现为自对准堆栈指针，它自动将其自身对准到当前地址设置之下的最近的0模-4地址，使得即使没有硬件支持不对齐的操作数，也不会发生对准系统错误。 一旦自动对准发生，数据处理器将格式字段存储在异常堆栈帧中，以指示有关错误时堆栈指针对齐的信息。 当异常被服务时，处理器使用存储在异常堆栈帧中的四位格式字段在异常时将堆栈指针恢复到其原始值。
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57.发明授权Method and apparatus for entering a low-power mode and controlling an external bus of a data processing system during low-power mode 失效用于在低功率模式下进入低功率模式和控制数据处理系统的外部总线的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5471625A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-28
申请号：US125851
申请日：1993-09-27
CPC分类号： G06F1/3203
摘要： A method and apparatus for placing a data processor (12) into a low-power mode of operation using a system (10). The system (10) has a processor (12). The processor (12) has access to a bus (18). The bus (18) is coupled to a bus controller (14). The processor (12) sends a broadcast cycle out through the bus (18) when the processor (12) desires to enter a low-power mode of operation. The bus controller (14) determines that the broadcast cycle has been sent on the bus (18). The bus controller (14) waits a predetermined amount of time to process the low-power request and grants permission to the processor (12) to enter the low-power mode via the communication of a transmission termination signal. The processor (12) conditionally drives either logic ones or a tri-state value onto the bus (18) depending upon whether or not the processor (12) has been granted ownership of the bus (18).
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用系统（10）将数据处理器（12）置于低功率操作模式的方法和装置。 系统（10）具有处理器（12）。 处理器（12）可访问总线（18）。 总线（18）耦合到总线控制器（14）。 当处理器（12）希望进入低功率操作模式时，处理器（12）通过总线（18）发送广播周期。 总线控制器（14）确定广播周期已经在总线（18）上发送。 总线控制器（14）等待预定量的时间来处理低功率请求，并通过传输终止信号的通信向处理器（12）授予许可以进入低功率模式。 处理器（12）根据处理器（12）是否被授予总线（18）的所有权，有条件地将逻辑1或三态值驱动到总线（18）上。
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58.发明授权Pipelined system for reducing instruction access time by accumulating predecoded instruction bits a FIFO 失效流水线系统，通过累加预解码指令位来减少指令访问时间
公开(公告)号：US5101341A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US241111
申请日：1988-09-02
CPC分类号： G06F9/382 , G06F12/0848 , G06F9/30032 , G06F9/30054 , G06F9/30145 , G06F9/30167 , G06F9/3017 , G06F9/325 , G06F9/3802 , G06F9/3806 , G06F9/3889
摘要： A system and technique for providing early decoding of complex instructions in a pipelined processor uses a programmed logic array to decode instruction segments and loads both the instruction bits and the associated predecoded bits into a FIFO buffer to accumulate a plurality of such entries. Meanwhile, an operand execute pipeline retrieves such entries from the FIFO buffer as needed, using the predecoded instruction bits to rapidly decode and execute the instructions at rates determined by the instructions themselves. Delays due to cache misses are substantially or entirely masked, as the instructions and associated predecoded bits are loaded into the FIFO buffer more rapidly than they are retrieved from it, except during cache misses. A method is described for increasing the effective speed of executing a three operand construct. Another method is disclosed for increasing the effective speed of executing a loop containing a branch instruction by scanning the predecoded bits in establishing a link between successive instructions.
摘要翻译： 用于在流水线处理器中提供复杂指令的早期解码的系统和技术使用编程逻辑阵列来对指令段进行解码，并将指令位和相关联的预解码位加载到FIFO缓冲器中以累积多个这样的条目。 同时，操作数执行管道根据需要从FIFO缓冲器检索这些条目，使用预解码指令位以由指令本身确定的速率快速解码和执行指令。 由于高速缓存未命中的延迟基本上或完全被屏蔽，因为除了在高速缓存未命中之外，指令和相关联的预解码位被加载到FIFO缓冲器中比它们从其中检索得更快。 描述了一种用于增加执行三操作数构造的有效速度的方法。 公开了一种用于通过在建立连续指令之间的链接的情况下扫描预解码比特来增加执行包含分支指令的循环的有效速度的方法。
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59.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4538238A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-27
申请号：US458794
申请日：1983-01-18
CPC分类号： G06F7/727
摘要： Method and apparatus for calculating the residue of a signed binary number of "n" bits with respect to a given check base m where m=2.sup.b -1. The bits of the binary number excluding the sign bit are partitioned into number segments, each of b bits starting with the least significant bit. If (n-1) is not an even multiple of b, higher order bit positions of the number segment containing the next most significant bit of the binary number are filled with logical zeros. A sign segment of b bits is formed. Both number and sign segments have boundaries. The bit position in the sign segment relative to a sign segment boundary which corresponds to the bit position of the sign bit "s" relative to the nearest boundary of a number segment is filled with a logical zero. All other bit positions of the sign segment are filled with the sign bit. The number and sign segments are applied to carry save adders to reduce the number segments and sign segment to a single sum segment and a single rotated carry segment. A rotated carry segment is a carry segment produced by a carry save adder, the most significant bit of which becomes the least significant bit of the rotated carry segment. The other bits of the carry segment and their significance are increased by one in the rotated carry segment. Carry segments produced by carry save adders of one level are converted to rotated carry segments before being applied to a carry save or full adder of a lower level. The single sum segment and single rotated carry segment produced by the lowest level carry save adder is applied to a one's complement adder. The b bit output of the one's complement adder is the residue of the signed binary number to the check base (2.sup.b -1).
摘要翻译： 用于计算相对于m = 2b-1的给定检验基数m的带符号二进制数“n”位的残差的方法和装置。 除符号位之外的二进制数的位被分割为数字段，每个b位以最低有效位开始。 如果（n-1）不是b的偶数倍，则包含二进制数的下一个最高有效位的数字段的高位位置被填充有逻辑0。 形成b位的符号段。 数字和符号段都有边界。 符号段相对于符号段边界相对于符号位“s”相对于数字段的最近边界的位位置的位位置用逻辑0填充。 符号段的所有其他位位置都用符号位填充。 数字和符号段被应用于携带保存加法器以减少数字段并将段标记到单个和段和单个旋转进位段。 旋转的进位段是由进位保存加法器产生的进位段，其最高有效位变为旋转进位段的最低有效位。 进位段的其他位及其重要性在旋转进位段增加1。 由一个级别的进位保存加法器产生的进位段在应用于较低级别的进位保存或全加器之前被转换为旋转的进位段。 由最低电平进位保存加法器产生的单个和段和单个旋转进位段应用于一个补码加法器。 补码加法器的b位输出是到校验基（2b-1）的带符号二进制数的残差。
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