公开(公告)号：US06330106B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-11

申请号：US09506135

申请日：2000-02-17

Applicant: Roger J. Greenwald ,  James M. Zavislan

Inventor： Roger J. Greenwald ,  James M. Zavislan

IPC: G02B2134

CPC classification number: G01N21/0303 ,  B01L3/508 ,  B01L2300/043 ,  B01L2300/0609 ,  B01L2300/0654 ,  B01L2300/0672 ,  B01L2300/0822 ,  B01L2400/0683 ,  G01N1/36 ,  G01N2021/0339 ,  G01N2021/0342 ,  G01N2021/0364 ,  G02B21/0028 ,  G02B21/34

Abstract: A tray or holder for tissue specimens, especially of excised tissue, such as biopsied specimens, is used with a confocal imaging system, especially a laser scanning confocal microscope system. The tray may be disposable after imaging of the specimen carried therein or may archive the specimen. A window supports the specimen. Clamps mounted inside the tray restrain the tissue. A compliant bag is mounted outside the tray on one side of a window of the tray on which the specimen is disposed. During imaging the specimen is immersed in a liquid contained in the tray having an index of refraction which closely matches the index of refraction of the tissue. The bag also contains an index matching liquid preferably having the same index as the liquid in the tray. A stabilizing plate is attached to a surface of the bag which faces the window. Selecting an immersion liquid, which equals the refractive index of the near surface tissues, minimizes wavefront distortion which may result from an effectively corrugated surface of the specimen.

Abstract translation: 用于组织标本的托盘或保持器，特别是切除的组织，例如活检标本，与共焦成像系统，特别是激光扫描共聚焦显微镜系统一起使用。 托盘在其中携带的样本成像后可以是一次性的，或可以归档样品。 一个窗口支撑样本。 安装在托盘内的夹具限制纸巾。 将合适的袋安装在托盘外侧的托盘的一侧，其中放置有试样。 在成像期间，将样品浸入包含在托盘中的液体中，该折射率与组织的折射率非常匹配。 该袋还包含一种优选地具有与托盘中的液体相同的指数的折射率匹配液体。 稳定板附着在面向窗户的袋子的表面上。 选择等于近表面组织的折射率的浸没液体可以最小化可能由试样的有效波纹表面产生的波前失真。

公开(公告)号：US06263233B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-17

申请号：US09001016

申请日：1997-12-30

Applicant: James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman

Inventor： James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman

IPC: A61B600

CPC classification number: A61B5/444 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/0062 ,  A61B5/0068 ,  A61B2562/146

Abstract: A handheld imaging microscope for imaging tissue samples substantially beneath the surface of the tissue sample. The microscope includes an objective lens and a window defining a tissue contacting surface in pressure contacting relationship with the surface of the tissue sample when the tissue sample is imaged by the objective lens to view tissue structures for pathological applications. The objective lens focuses an illumination beam through the window to the tissue sample and receives returned reflected light of the beam representative of one or more sections of the tissue sample.

Abstract translation: 一种手持成像显微镜，用于基本上在组织样品表面下方组织样本成像。 显微镜包括物镜和窗口，当组织样本被物镜成像以观察用于病理应用的组织结构时，限定与组织样本表面压力接触的组织接触表面。 物镜将照明光束通过窗口聚焦到组织样本并接收代表组织样本的一个或多个部分的光束的返回反射光。

公开(公告)号：US6134010A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

申请号：US235253

申请日：1999-01-22

Applicant: James M. Zavislan

Inventor： James M. Zavislan

IPC: G01J4/00 ,  G02B21/00 ,  G01Y4/00

CPC classification number: G01J4/00 ,  G02B21/0032 ,  G02B21/0056 ,  G02B21/0068

Abstract: The quality of images produced by confocal microscopy, and especially scanning laser confocal microscopy, is enhanced especially for images obtained in turbid mediums such as many biological tissue specimens, by reducing speckle from scatterers that exist outside (above and below) the section which is being imaged by utilizing sheared beams, both of which are focused to laterally or vertically offset spots and polarizing the beams to have opposite senses of circular polarization (right and left handed circular polarization). The return light from the section of certain polarization is detected after passing through the confocal aperture of the confocal microscope. Images can be formed using optical coherence detection of the return light. Light from scatterers outside the section of interest, which are illuminated by both of the sheared beams, interfere thereby reducing speckle due to such scatterers, and particularly scatters which are adjacent to the section being imaged. Sheared beams having orthogonal linear polarization, as may be obtained from a Wollaston or Nomarski prism are converted into circularly polarized beams of opposite polarization sense by a quarter wave plate and focused into laterally displaced spot. A Dyson type lens is used to obtain sheared beams which when focused form vertically displaced spots. The optical signals representing reflections from the section are derived by polarizing optics which may either be a polarizing beamsplitter in the incident beam path or a retarder and analyzer. The retarder may be selected to provide different polarization phase shifts of the return light, and with the analyzer, detects the degree of elliptical polarization representing the optical activity and circular dichroism producing the optical signal representing the image.

Abstract translation: 通过共聚焦显微镜，特别是扫描激光共焦显微镜产生的图像的质量，特别是对于在诸如许多生物组织样本的混浊介质中获得的图像而言，通过减少存在于外部（上方和下方）的散射体的斑点 通过使用剪切光束成像，这两个光束被聚焦成横向或垂直偏移光斑并且使光束偏振以具有圆偏振（右和左旋圆偏振）的相反感。 在通过共聚焦显微镜的共聚焦孔之后检测来自某些偏振部分的返回光。 可以使用返回光的光学相干检测来形成图像。 由两束剪切光束照亮的感兴趣部分之外的散射体的光会干扰，从而减少由于这种散射体引起的斑点，特别是与被成像的部分相邻的散射。 具有从Wollaston或Nomarski棱镜获得的具有正交线性极化的剪切梁被四分之一波片转换为具有相反偏振感的圆偏振光束并聚焦到横向位移光斑中。 Dyson型透镜用于获得剪切梁，当聚焦形成垂直位移点时。 表示来自该部分的反射的光学信号由偏振光学器件得到，其可以是入射光束路径中的偏振分束器或延迟器和分析器。 可以选择延迟器以提供返回光的不同偏振相移，并且与分析仪一起检测表示光学活动的椭圆偏振度和产生表示图像的光信号的圆二色性。

公开(公告)号：US06134009A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

申请号：US966046

申请日：1997-11-07

Applicant: James M. Zavislan

Inventor： James M. Zavislan

IPC: G01J4/00 ,  G02B21/00

CPC classification number: G02B21/0056 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G02B21/0032 ,  G02B21/0068

Abstract: The quality of images produced by confocal microscopy, and especially scanning laser confocal microscopy, is enhanced especially for images obtained in turbid mediums such as many biological tissue specimens, by reducing speckle from scatterers that exist outside (above and below) the focal plane region which is being imaged by utilizing sheared beams, both of which are focused to spots in the focal or image plane (region of interest) and polarizing the beams to have opposite senses of circular polarization (right and left handed circular polarization). The return light from the image plane of certain polarization is detected after passing through the confocal aperture of the confocal microscope. Light from scatterers outside the region of interest, which are illuminated by both of the sheared beams, interfere thereby reducing speckle due to such scatterers, and particularly scatters which are adjacent to the image plane. Sheared beams having orthogonal linear polarization, as may be obtained from a Wollaston or Nomarski prism are converted into circularly polarized beams of opposite polarization sense by a quarter wave plate. The optical signals representing reflections from the focal plane are derived by polarizing optics which may either, be a polarizing beamsplitter in the incident beam path or with a retarder and analyzer. The retarder may be selected to provide different polarization phase shift of the return light, and with the analyzer, detects the degree of elliptical polarization representing the optical activity and circular dichroism producing the optical signal representing the image.

Abstract translation: 通过共聚焦显微镜，特别是扫描激光共聚焦显微镜产生的图像的质量，特别是对于在诸如许多生物组织样本的混浊介质中获得的图像，通过减少焦平面区域外（高于和低于）的散射体的斑点而被增强 通过利用剪切光束进行成像，两者都被聚焦到焦点或图像平面（感兴趣区域）中的斑点，并且使光束偏振以具有相反的圆偏振感（右和左旋圆偏振）。 在通过共聚焦显微镜的共聚焦孔之后，检测出来自某些偏振图像平面的返回光。 由两束剪切光束照射的感兴趣区域之外的散射体的光会因此而减少由于这种散射体引起的斑点，特别是与图像平面相邻的散射。 具有从Wollaston或Nomarski棱镜获得的具有正交线性极化的剪切梁被四分之一波片转换为具有相反偏振感的圆偏振光束。 表示来自焦平面的反射的光学信号由偏振光学器件衍生，其可以是入射光束路径中的偏振分束器或者延迟器和分析器。 可以选择延迟器以提供返回光的不同的偏振相移，并且利用分析仪检测表示光学活动的椭圆偏振度和产生表示图像的光信号的圆二色性。

公开(公告)号：US5880832A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US808223

申请日：1997-02-28

Applicant: Jay M. Eastman ,  James M. Zavislan

Inventor： Jay M. Eastman ,  James M. Zavislan

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A robust spectrophotometer (also known as a color spectrometer or colorimeter) is self contained in a housing which is adapted to be held-held and has all of the electrical, optical and electro optic elements mounted on a board captured within the housing at one end of which light from a sample is restricted to an object area and projected after being dispersed spectrally, as with a reflection grating, to an image area at a photodetector via a lens which has an optical axis and converges the dispersed light at the image area. The dispersive element is mounted on an arm having a pivot laterally offset from the dispersive element's surface where a diverging beam of light from the object area is incident and is deflected to the image area. The geometry is such that the dispersive element may be rotated to a position where the beam is specularly deflected (zeroth order diffraction), and the spectrometer calibrated when the dispersive element is in the specular reflection/deflection position. The path from the object area is approximately perpendicular to the optical axis, and then is folded by mirrors to direct the beam to incidence on the dispersive element, from which the beam is deflected and focused by the lens, the focal length of which is such that the image and object areas are in conjugate relationship. A pivotal foot on the housing having an aperture may be used to facilitate alignment of the sample with the entrance opening to the housing of the spectrophotometer.

Abstract translation: 坚固的分光光度计（也称为彩色光谱仪或色度计）被容纳在壳体中，该壳体适于被保持并且具有安装在在一端的壳体内捕获的板上的所有电学，光学和电学光学元件 其中来自样品的光被限制在物体区域，并且如通过反射光栅一样在与光学检测器之间的光学检测器上的像面分散之后被投影，通过具有光轴的透镜并将分散的光会聚在图像区域。 分散元件安装在具有横向偏离分散元件表面的枢轴的臂上，其中来自物体区域的发散光束入射并偏转到图像区域。 几何形状使得色散元件可以旋转到光束被镜面偏转的位置（零级衍射），并且当色散元件处于镜面反射/偏转位置时校准光谱仪。 来自物体区域的路径大致垂直于光轴，然后被反射镜折叠以引导光束入射到色散元件上，光束被透镜偏转和聚焦，其焦距等于 图像和对象区域处于共轭关系。 可以使用具有孔的壳体上的枢转脚来促进样品与分光光度计的壳体的入口的对准。

公开(公告)号：US5860967A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-19

申请号：US94296

申请日：1993-07-21

Applicant: James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman

Inventor： James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman

IPC: A61B17/00 ,  A61B18/20 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61N5/06 ,  A61N5/02

CPC classification number: A61B18/203 ,  A61B18/20 ,  A61B2017/00756 ,  A61B2018/00452 ,  A61B2018/00476 ,  A61B2018/00904 ,  A61B2018/2095 ,  A61B2090/373

Abstract: A hand held microsurgical instrument for applying laser energy to selected locations (sites) in an area under the skin (or other exposed translucent tissue) to provide localized photothermolysis of underlying tissue at these sites, is described. The laser energy is focused into a spot within the tissue. This spot is of sufficiently small size so that the energy density is sufficient to provide surgical or treatment effects within the tissue without damaging the surface tissue. In dermatology, for example, the technique can be used to destroy endothelial cells in blood vessels which are desired to be removed, such spider veins (nevi) in the skin, hair follicles to prevent hair growth therefrom, or other microsurgical procedures. The area is visualized while the laser beam is steered, using a deflection system, in X and Y coordinates. A telecentric optical system, in which a mirror of the deflection system is located, directs the laser light essentially perpendicular to the area to be treated as the beam is scanned over the area. The optical system also focuses illumination light reflected from the area to a sensor matrix of a CCD video camera. The reflected illumination light is imaged essentially parallel to the optical axis in the object space thereby providing a precise, high resolution image corresponding to the area. The laser beam may be tracked as it is deflected over the area to the selected locations by visualization thereof on a display or monitor associated with the video camera. The locations are then apparent to the treating physician who can then effect an increase of the beam power or turn the beam on so as to treat the tissue in the selected locations.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于将激光能量施加到皮肤下面的区域（或其他暴露的半透明组织）中的选定位置（位置）以在这些位置处提供局部光热解下面的组织的手持显微外科器械。 激光能量集中在组织内的一个点上。 该斑点具有足够小的尺寸，使得能量密度足以在组织内提供手术或治疗效果而不损伤表面组织。 例如，在皮肤病学中，该技术可用于破坏需要去除的血管中的内皮细胞，皮肤中的这种蜘蛛静脉（痣），毛囊以防止毛发生长或其它显微外科手术。 在X和Y坐标下，使用偏转系统对激光束进行转向时可视化该区域。 偏转系统的反射镜位于其中的远心光学系统在该区域上扫描光束时将激光基本上垂直于待处理的区域引导。 光学系统还将从该区域反射的照明光聚焦到CCD摄像机的传感器矩阵。 反射的照明光基本上平行于对象空间中的光轴成像，从而提供对应于该区域的精确的高分辨率图像。 激光束可以被跟踪，因为它通过在与摄像机相关联的显示器或监视器上的可视化而在区域上偏转到所选择的位置。 然后，这些位置对于治疗医师是显而易见的，其然后可以实现光束功率的增加或者使光束转动，以便在所选择的位置处理组织。

公开(公告)号：US5825486A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US831826

申请日：1997-04-02

Applicant: James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman ,  Robert J. Hutchison

Inventor： James M. Zavislan ,  Jay M. Eastman ,  Robert J. Hutchison

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: A spectrophotometer which is highly manufacturable at minimum cost nevertheless provides precision of measurement of spectra components of light which is projected therein by maintaining precise optical alignment of optical and electrical components thereof. These components are mounted in a module which is contained in a housing having an entrance aperture which defines an object area for light the spectrum of which is measured by a photodetector in the module at an image area. The module has a base plate provided by a printed circuit board on which a closed wall encompasses an area (a corral) on one side of the circuit board. The wall is a one piece structure which extends to the vicinity of the edge of the board. It is assembled with the board as a unitary structure so that the assembly is made torsionally rigid and resists bending in the plane of the board. The module may be of sufficiently small size so as to be located in a housing which is hand held, thereby providing a hand-held spectrophotometer.

Abstract translation: 然而，以最小成本高度可制造的分光光度计提供了通过保持其光学和电气部件的精确光学对准来投射在其中的光的光谱分量的测量的精度。 这些部件安装在一个模块中，该模块包含在具有入射孔的壳体中，该入口孔限定光的对象区域，其光谱由图像区域中的模块中的光电检测器测量。 模块具有由印刷电路板提供的底板，封闭的壁围绕电路板一侧的区域（畜栏）。 该壁是延伸到板的边缘附近的单件结构。 它与板组装成一体的结构，使得组件制成扭转刚性并抵抗板的平面中的弯曲。 模块可以具有足够小的尺寸，以便位于手持的壳体中，从而提供手持式分光光度计。

公开(公告)号：US5202875A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-13

申请号：US710228

申请日：1991-06-04

Applicant: Hal J. Rosen ,  Kurt A. Rubin ,  Glenn T. Sincerbox ,  Timothy C. Strand ,  James M. Zavislan

Inventor： Hal J. Rosen ,  Kurt A. Rubin ,  Glenn T. Sincerbox ,  Timothy C. Strand ,  James M. Zavislan

IPC: G11B7/00 ,  G02B5/00 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G11B7/004 ,  G11B7/09 ,  G11B7/135 ,  G11B7/24

CPC classification number: G11B7/24038 ,  G02B27/0025 ,  G02B5/00 ,  G11B7/004 ,  G11B7/0908 ,  G11B7/1359 ,  G11B7/1369 ,  G11B7/1378 ,  G11B7/13925 ,  G11B2007/0013

Abstract: An optical data storage system comprises a multiple data surface medium and optical head. The medium comprises a plurality of substrates separated by a light transmissive medium. Data surfaces are located on the substrate surfaces which lie adjacent a light transmissive medium. The data surfaces are substantially light transmissive. The optical head includes an aberration compensator to allow the head to focus onto the different data surfaces and a filter to screen out unwanted reflected light.

公开(公告)号：US5166989A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

申请号：US614332

申请日：1990-11-16

Applicant: Bulent N. Kurdi ,  Glenn T. Sincerbox ,  James M. Zavislan

Inventor： Bulent N. Kurdi ,  Glenn T. Sincerbox ,  James M. Zavislan

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G11B7/09 ,  G11B7/12 ,  G11B11/10 ,  G11B11/105

CPC classification number: G11B7/0943 ,  G01J4/04 ,  G11B11/10515 ,  G11B11/10543 ,  G11B11/10576 ,  G11B7/124

Abstract: A substrate has a pair of overlapping optical couplers for separately coupling a first and a second polarization component of a light beam into a first and a second waveguide channel. The channels are oriented with their longitudinal axis approximately perpendicular to each other. A first and a second optical detector are located in the first and second waveguide channels, respectively, for measuring the light intensity of the first and second polarization components.