Method for Producing Alkylene Oxide Addition Products
    52.
    发明申请
    Method for Producing Alkylene Oxide Addition Products 审中-公开
    生产环氧丙烷添加剂的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110218349A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-09-08

    申请号:US12440459

    申请日:2007-08-29

    IPC分类号: C07D301/10

    摘要: The invention relates to a method for producing alkylene oxide addition products. The method according to the invention is characterized by (a) contacting ethylene and/or propylene with an oxidizing agent in a first structured reactor (“μ reactor”) and (b) feeding the ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide so obtained, optionally after purification, to a second structured reactor where it is reacted with a compound having a nucleophilic molecular group.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种生产环氧烷加成产物的方法。 根据本发明的方法的特征在于:(a)在第一结构化反应器(“μ反应器”)中将乙烯和/或丙烯与氧化剂接触,和(b)将如此获得的环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷 纯化后的第二结构反应器与其具有亲核分子基团的化合物反应。

    Process for the Production of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters
    54.
    发明申请
    Process for the Production of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters 失效
    脂肪酸烷基酯的制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US20100234458A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-09-16

    申请号:US12304078

    申请日:2007-05-16

    摘要: Disclosed is an improved process for the production of fatty acid lower alkyl esters according to formula (I) R1CO—OR2   (I) in which R1CO represents a linear or branched acyl moiety having from about 6 to about_22 carbon atoms and 0 to 6 double bonds and wherein R2 is a linear or branched alkyl moiety having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, by transesterification of triglycerides or fatty acid esters using C1-C6 aliphatic alcohols, which includes the steps of (a) providing an aqueous mixture of aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol by fermenting in a first reactor a carbon_source comprising carbohydrates and/or glycerol produce a fermentation broth comprising said aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol, (b) providing in a second reactor a triglyceride and/or an ester of a fatty acid, together with a biocatalyst capable of effecting a transesterification reaction, (c) transferring said aqueous aliphatic C1-C6 alcohol mixture obtained from said first reactor into said_second reactor to provide_a two-phase system, and (d) effecting the transesterification reaction to produce said fatty acid lower alkyl ester and a glycerol- or alcohol-containing aqueous phase. The products thus obtained are particularly useful as components of the fuel known as biodiesel.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种改进的根据式(I)R1CO-OR2(I)的脂肪酸低级烷基酯的制备方法,其中R 1 CO表示具有约6至约22个碳原子和0至6个双键的直链或支链酰基部分 并且其中R 2是具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基部分,通过使用C 1 -C 6脂族醇进行甘油三酯或脂肪酸酯的酯交换反应,其包括以下步骤:(a)提供脂族C1-C6醇的水性混合物 通过在第一反应器中发酵包含碳水化合物和/或甘油的碳源产生包含所述脂族C 1 -C 6醇的发酵液,(b)在第二反应器中提供甘油三酯和/或脂肪酸酯以及生物催化剂 能够进行酯交换反应,(c)将从所述第一反应器获得的脂族C1-C6醇混合物混合物转移到所述第二反应器中以提供两相体系,和(d) 进行酯交换反应以产生所述脂肪酸低级烷基酯和含甘油或醇的水相。 这样得到的产物特别适用于称为生物柴油的燃料的组分。

    Composition for controlled tempering by means of phase change, production and use thereof
    56.
    发明申请
    Composition for controlled tempering by means of phase change, production and use thereof 审中-公开
    通过相变,生产和使用控制回火的组成

    公开(公告)号:US20060233986A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-10-19

    申请号:US10544023

    申请日:2003-12-19

    IPC分类号: B32B27/32

    摘要: This disclosure relates to a heat or cold storage composition comprising at least one continuous and at least one discontinuous phase, the continuous phase being liquid or at least plastic at a temperature of −10 to 50° C. and the discontinuous phase—present in the continuous phase—being particulate and containing as phase change material (PCM) at least 10% by weight of an organic compound with a melting point of 0 to 50° C. and at least one structuring polymeric compound. It also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for controlled heating/cooling by phase change and to a device for the controlled heating/cooling of an object by phase change at least comprising a container for holding a composition according to the invention.

    摘要翻译: 本公开涉及包含至少一个连续和至少一个不连续相的热或冷储存组合物,所述连续相是液体或在-10至50℃的温度下至少是塑料,并且所述不连续相存在于 连续相分散的颗粒并含有至少10重量%的熔点为0至50℃的有机化合物和至少一种结构化聚合化合物作为相变材料(PCM)。 它还涉及根据本发明的组合物用于通过相变的受控加热/冷却以及通过相变的用于受控加热/冷却物体的装置的用途,所述相变至少包括用于保持根据本发明的组合物的容器 。

    Method for separating supercritical or near critical mixtures
    58.
    发明申请
    Method for separating supercritical or near critical mixtures 失效
    分离超临界或近临界混合物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20050150380A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-07-14

    申请号:US10511039

    申请日:2003-04-02

    IPC分类号: C07C29/76 B01D19/00

    摘要: Processes for separating supercritical or near-critical mixtures containing hydrogen, a solvent gas, methanol and a fatty alcohol under an initial pressure of from 100 to 300 bar are described, wherein the processes comprise: (a) reducing the pressure of such a mixture in a first stage to a pressure of from 50 to 150 bar to form a first recycle gas and a first partially-separated intermediate mixture, wherein the reduced pressure in the first stage is at least below the initial pressure; (b) reducing the pressure of the first partially-separated intermediate mixture in a second stage to a pressure of from 10 to 50 bar to form a second recycle gas and a second partially-separated intermediate mixture; and (c) reducing the pressure of the second partially-separated intermediate mixture in a third stage to a pressure of from 1 to 10 bar to form a third recycle gas and a fatty alcohol product.

    摘要翻译: 描述了在100至300巴的初始压力下分离含有氢,溶剂气体,甲醇和脂肪醇的超临界或近临界混合物的方法,其中所述方法包括:(a)将这种混合物的压力降低 第一阶段至50至150巴的压力以形成第一再循环气体和第一部分分离的中间体混合物,其中第一阶段中的减压至少低于初始压力; (b)将第二阶段中的第一部分分离的中间体混合物的压力降低至10至50巴的压力以形成第二再循环气体和第二部分分离的中间体混合物; 和(c)将第三阶段中的第二部分分离的中间体混合物的压力降低至1至10巴的压力以形成第三循环气体和脂肪醇产物。

    Processes for producing esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols with limited polymerization, and apparatus therefor
    60.
    发明授权
    Processes for producing esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols with limited polymerization, and apparatus therefor 有权
    用于生产不饱和羧酸和多元醇酯的有限聚合方法及其设备

    公开(公告)号:US06903231B1

    公开(公告)日:2005-06-07

    申请号:US10049330

    申请日:2000-08-03

    IPC分类号: C07C67/08 C07C67/54 C07C69/52

    CPC分类号: C07C67/08 C07C67/54 C07C69/54

    摘要: Processes and apparatus for producing esters are described. The processes include: (a) providing a liquid reaction mixture comprising (i) an unsaturated carboxylic acid having a boiling point greater than water, (ii) a polyhydric alcohol, and (iii) a first polymerization inhibitor, in a reaction zone having an inner surface; (b) reacting the acid and the polyhydric alcohol to form an ester, such that a gas/vapor phase is formed comprising water of reaction; (c) removing at least a portion of the gas/vapor phase from the reaction zone to a dephlegmation zone having an inner surface; (d) partially condensing the portion of the gas/vapor phase in the dephlegmation zone such that a condensate is formed; and (e) returning the condensate to the reaction zone; wherein a second polymerization inhibitor is introduced into the dephlegmation zone such that the portion of the gas/vapor phase and/or the condensate are contacted with the second polymerization inhibitor. Apparatus for carrying out the processes are also described.

    摘要翻译: 描述了用于生产酯的方法和设备。 所述方法包括:(a)提供液体反应混合物,其包含(i)沸点大于水的不饱和羧酸,(ii)多元醇,和(iii)第一聚合抑制剂,在具有 内表面 (b)使酸和多元醇反应形成酯,从而形成包含反应水的气/气相; (c)将气相/气相的至少一部分从反应区移除到具有内表面的分凝区; (d)部分地冷凝分馏区中气/气相的部分,从而形成冷凝物; 和(e)将冷凝物返回到反应区; 其中将第二聚合抑制剂引入分馏区,使得气/汽相和/或冷凝物的该部分与第二阻聚剂接触。 还描述了用于执行处理的装置。