Abstract:
A fuel cell stack is disclosed. The fuel cell stack includes a membrane electrode assembly, separation plates on either side of the membrane electrode assembly, current collectors on either side of the separation plates and configured to electrically convey current to an outside circuit, first and second end plates sandwiching the current collectors and configured to apply a connecting pressure, and manifolds formed to pass through the membrane electrode assembly, at least one of the separation plates, at least one of the current collectors, and at least one of the end plates, the manifolds configured to conduct reaction gas, and cutoff blocks inserted into a portion forming manifolds of the end plates to separate the current collectors and the end plates on a passage in which the reaction gas is circulated.
Abstract:
The disclosure is directed to nondestructive systems and methods for simultaneously measuring active carrier concentration and thickness of one or more doped semiconductor layers. Reflectance signals may be defined as functions of active carrier concentration and thickness varying over different wavelengths and over different incidence angles of analyzing illumination reflected off the surface of an analyzed sample. Systems and methods are provided for collecting a plurality of reflectance signals having either different wavelengths or different incidence angle ranges to extract active carrier density and thickness of one or more doped semiconductor layers.
Abstract:
A fuel cell stack includes: a plurality of membrane-electrode assemblies; first and second end plates respectively positioned outside outermost ones of the membrane-electrode assemblies; and a plurality of separators respectively positioned between the membrane-electrode assemblies and between the outermost ones of the membrane-electrode assemblies and the first and second end plates. The first end plate includes an oxidizing agent inlet, an oxidizing agent outlet, and a moisture supplying flow path connecting the oxidizing agent inlet and the oxidizing agent outlet. The moisture supplying flow path includes a first end portion adjacent to the oxidizing agent outlet and a second end portion adjacent to the oxidizing agent inlet, the first end portion being larger than the second end portion and being a different distance away from a surface of the first end plate facing away from the second end plate than the second end portion.
Abstract:
The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel supply supplying a fuel to the fuel cell stack, and an oxidizing agent supply supplying an oxidizing agent to the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack includes a first end plate, a moisture exchanger, an electrical generator, and a second end plate. The moisture exchanger includes a first area where a dried supply oxidizing agent flows, a second area where a humid emission fuel flows, and a third area where a humid emission oxidizing agent flows, and the first area exchanges moisture with the second and third areas using a moisture exchange layer.
Abstract:
A reformer for a fuel cell system has at least a dual pipe configuration that forms independent spaces through which fuel containing hydrogen passes. The reformer includes a first reaction assembly for generating heat energy by an oxidation reaction of the fuel and a second reaction assembly for generating hydrogen gas from the fuel through a reforming reaction using the heat energy. The reformer further includes a first pipe, and a second pipe having a circumference significantly less than a circumference of the first pipe to thereby allow for positioning of the second pipe within the first pipe. An oxidation catalyst layer is formed in the second pipe, and a reforming catalyst layer is formed between the first pipe and the second pipe.
Abstract:
The invention includes antibodies that provide superior anti-coagulant activity by binding native human TF with high affinity and specificity. Antibodies of the invention can effectively inhibit blood coagulation in vivo. Antibodies of the invention can bind native human TF, either alone or present in a TF:FVIIa complex, effectively preventing factor X or FIX binding to TF or that complex, and thereby reducing blood coagulation. Preferred antibodies of the invention specifically bind a conformational epitope predominant to native human TF, which epitope provides an unexpectedly strong antibody binding site. Also provided are humanized antibodies and fragments thereof that bind to the TF.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for preventing or treating thrombosis in a mammal such as a primate and particularly a human patient. A preferred method includes administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of at least one humanized antibody, chimeric antibody, or fragment thereof that binds specifically to human tissue factor (TF). Additional methods and kits are provided.
Abstract:
An apparatus for cleaning a gun barrel having striations, which includes a cleaning device that comes in contact with the inner surface of the gun barrel as it is moved by a drive device installed inside a cylindrical main body. The cleaning device includes (i) a plurality of divided plates that fit atop the striations as a saddle and are slanted to correspond to a slope of the striations, (ii) cleaning members fixed to outer peripheries of the respective divided plates that come in contact with the inner surface of the gun barrel, and (iii) a cam device that converts a rotation of a drive motor installed inside the main body into a rectilinear movement in order to move the respective divided plates upward and downward.
Abstract:
Provided is a method for manufacturing starch syrup using watermelon, and more particularly, a new method for manufacturing starch syrup, with respect to storability, processibility, manufacturing economy, productivity, use of additives, etc., which is required to manufacture uniform quality starch syrup which maintains a suitable quality by quantifying the parameters, is constant and stable, and satisfies the palates of average consumers.The present invention includes a method, including: washing the surface of a watermelon and collecting the seeds, separating 100 parts by weight of the edible portion from the rind portion of the watermelon, grinding it into particles, placing the ground edible portion in a container to allow the fruit flesh and the fruit juice to float and precipitate, respectively, and separate the flesh and juice by using a mesh for filtration such that the floating flesh is 40 parts by weight of the and the juice is 60 parts by weight; placing 100 parts by weight of the watermelon juice separated from the step in a container to simultaneously mix 10 parts by weight of malt and filter residues using a mesh; mixing 50 parts by weight of a hard cooked rice containing glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice with the malt solution and placing the mixture into a thermo pot set at about 50° C. to about 65° C. to ferment the hard cooked rice for about 6 to about 8 hours; squeezing out the liquid of the malt fermented by the hard cooked rice in the step using a mesh, decanting the filtered liquid malt into a pot, and boiling it at about 105° C. to about 115° C. t for about 2.5 to about 3 hours; and heating the liquid malt until the diameters of the boiling surface air bubbles in the boiling step reach about 30 mm and the boiling liquid malt becomes about 85 to about 90 parts by weight and cooling it down to obtain the starch syrup.