公开(公告)号：US20160026037A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-28

申请号：US14339263

申请日：2014-07-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shang-Chih Lin ,  Yuan Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1368

CPC classification number: G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/133512 ,  G02F1/133516

Abstract: A display may have a thin-film transistor layer formed from a layer of thin-film transistor circuitry on a substrate, a color filter layer, and a layer of liquid crystal material interposed between the thin-film transistor layer and the color filter layer. The thin-film transistor layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the color filter layer may be sandwiched between upper and lower polarizers. A backlight unit may supply backlight illumination for pixels in the display. The color filter layer may have a black matrix with an array of openings. Color filter elements of different colors may be formed in the openings. The black matrix may have sidewalls that are steep or that are undercut. The profile of the black matrix helps block improperly colored off-axis light and thereby reduces undesired color mixing in the display.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有薄膜晶体管层，该薄膜晶体管层由介于薄膜晶体管层和滤色器层之间的衬底，滤色器层和液晶材料层上的薄膜晶体管电路层形成。 薄膜晶体管层，液晶层和滤色器层可夹在上下偏振器之间。 背光单元可以为显示器中的像素提供背光照明。 滤色器层可以具有带有开口阵列的黑色矩阵。 可以在开口中形成不同颜色的滤色器元件。 黑色矩阵可以具有陡峭或被切削的侧壁。 黑色矩阵的轮廓有助于阻挡不正确地着色的离轴光，从而减少显示器中的不期望的颜色混合。

公开(公告)号：US20150346528A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-03

申请号：US14494498

申请日：2014-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov ,  Cheng Chen ,  Lei Zhao ,  Chun-Yao Huang ,  Shih-Chang Chang ,  Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang

IPC: G02F1/1368 ,  G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1362

CPC classification number: G02F1/13624 ,  G02F1/134363 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/136213 ,  G02F1/136277 ,  G02F1/1368

Abstract: A liquid crystal display may have a layer of liquid crystal material. The display may have an array of display pixel circuits. The display pixel circuits may each include a display pixel electrode that applies electric fields to a corresponding portion of the liquid crystal material. Thin-film transistor circuitry and other structures in the display pixels may control operation of the display pixels circuits. The thin-film transistor circuitry may be configured to handle operation of the display at multiple refresh rates. To accommodate multiple refresh rates, each pixel circuit may include a pair of transistors. A first transistor is used to apply data signals from a data line to the display pixel electrode. A storage capacitor is used to maintain the data signal on the electrode. The second transistor may be used to adjust the capacitance of the storage capacitor depending on the refresh rate of the display.

Abstract translation: 液晶显示器可以具有液晶材料层。 显示器可以具有显示像素电路的阵列。 显示像素电路可以各自包括将电场施加到液晶材料的对应部分的显示像素电极。 显示像素中的薄膜晶体管电路和其他结构可以控制显示像素电路的操作。 薄膜晶体管电路可以被配置为以多个刷新速率处理显示器的操作。 为了适应多个刷新率，每个像素电路可以包括一对晶体管。 第一晶体管用于将数据信号从数据线施加到显示像素电极。 使用存储电容器来维持电极上的数据信号。 第二晶体管可以用于根据显示器的刷新率来调整存储电容器的电容。

公开(公告)号：US20150248033A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-03

申请号：US14684758

申请日：2015-04-13

Applicant: Apple, Inc.

Inventor： Xinyu Zhu ,  Jun Qi ,  Meizi Jiao ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Wei Chen ,  Ming Xu ,  Cheng Chen ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/13363 ,  F21V8/00 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/13363 ,  G02B6/0053 ,  G02B6/0073 ,  G02F1/133504 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  G02F2413/01

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. The display may include a liquid crystal display module and a reflective polarizer having an in-plane optical axis. The display may also include a backlight unit that includes a light source, a light guide element, and a reflector film coupled to a backside of the light guide element. The display may also include a light retardation layer such as a quarter wave film. The quarter wave film may be arranged between the reflective polarizer and the reflector film of the backlight unit. Partially polarized light that is output from a front side of the light guide element may have a first component parallel to the in-plane optical axis and a second component perpendicular to the in-plane optical axis of the reflective polarizer. The second component may be reflected from the reflective polarizer.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以设置有安装在壳体中的显示器。 显示器可以包括液晶显示模块和具有面内光轴的反射偏振器。 显示器还可以包括背光单元，其包括光源，导光元件和耦合到导光元件的背面的反射膜。 显示器还可以包括诸如四分之一波片的光延迟层。 四分之一波片可以布置在反射偏振器和背光单元的反射膜之间。 从导光元件的前侧输出的部分偏振光可以具有平行于面内光轴的第一分量和垂直于反射型偏振器的平面内光轴的第二分量。 第二组分可以从反射偏振器反射。

公开(公告)号：US20150177562A1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-25

申请号：US14137383

申请日：2013-12-20

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Nicholas C. Buchanan ,  Brian H. Thornton ,  Cheng Chen ,  Craig S. Gilden ,  Jun Qi ,  Nicholas G. Roland ,  Victor H. Yin ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02B1/11 ,  G02B5/30

CPC classification number: G02F1/133528 ,  G02B1/111 ,  G02B1/14 ,  G02B5/3033 ,  G02B5/305

Abstract: A display polarizer may have a polymer layer such as a polyvinyl alcohol layer coated with a dichroic dye such as iodine. A polymer layer such as a tri-acetyl cellulose layer may be formed on the polyvinyl alcohol layer so that the iodine is interposed between the polyvinyl alcohol layer and the tri-acetyl cellulose layer. To provide protection for the iodine layer, an additional polymer layer such as an additional tri-acetyl cellulose layer and a layer of adhesive may be formed on top of the polymer layer. A functional layer such as an antireflection layer may form an outermost layer in the polarizer. Compensation films may be formed beneath the polyvinyl alcohol layer. Additional display layers such as a lower polarizer layer and interposed layers such as a thin-film transistor layer, liquid crystal layer, and color filter layer may be formed below the compensation films.

Abstract translation: 显示器偏振器可以具有聚合物层，例如涂覆有二色性染料如碘的聚乙烯醇层。 可以在聚乙烯醇层上形成聚合物层，例如三乙酰纤维素层，以使碘介于聚乙烯醇层和三乙酰纤维素层之间。 为了提供对碘层的保护，可以在聚合物层的顶部上形成另外的聚合物层，例如另外的三乙酰纤维素层和粘合剂层。 诸如抗反射层的功能层可以在偏振器中形成最外层。 补偿膜可以形成在聚乙烯醇层之下。 可以在补偿膜的下方形成附加的显示层，例如下偏振器层和诸如薄膜晶体管层，液晶层和滤色器层的插入层。

公开(公告)号：US20130147774A1

公开(公告)日：2013-06-13

申请号：US13762276

申请日：2013-02-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Cheng Ho Yu ,  Ming Xu ,  Young Bae Park ,  Zhibing Ge ,  Daisuke Nozu ,  Cheng Chen ,  Abbas Jamshidi Roudbari ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Shawn R. Gettemy

IPC: G09G3/18

CPC classification number: G09G3/18 ,  G02F1/13338 ,  G02F2001/134318 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G3/3655 ,  G09G2300/043 ,  G09G2310/0224 ,  G09G2310/0283 ,  G09G2320/0209

Abstract: Display ground plane structures may contain slits. Image pixel electrodes in the display may be arranged in rows and columns. Image pixels in the display may be controlled using gate lines that are associated with the rows and data lines that are associated with the columns. An electric field may be produced by each image pixel electrode that extends through a liquid crystal layer to an associated portion of the ground plane. The slits in the ground plane may have a slit width. Data lines may be located sufficiently below the ground plane and sufficiently out of alignment with the slits to minimize crosstalk from parasitic electric fields. A three-column inversion scheme may be used when driving data line signals into the display, so that pairs of pixels that straddle the slits are each driven with a common polarity. Gate line scanning patterns may be used that enhance display uniformity.

Abstract translation: 显示接地平面结构可能包含狭缝。 显示器中的图像像素电极可以以行和列布置。 可以使用与与列相关联的行和数据行相关联的门线来控制显示器中的图像像素。 可以通过延伸穿过液晶层的每个图像像素电极产生电场到接地平面的相关部分。 接地平面中的狭缝可以具有狭缝宽度。 数据线可以充分地位于接地平面的下方，并且与狭缝充分地不对齐，以使来自寄生电场的串扰最小化。 当将数据线信号驱动到显示器中时，可以使用三列反转方案，使得跨越狭缝的像素对各自以共同的极性驱动。 可以使用增强显示均匀性的栅极线扫描图案。

公开(公告)号：US20240353708A1

公开(公告)日：2024-10-24

申请号：US18426673

申请日：2024-01-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Young Cheol Yang ,  Fuyi Yang ,  Se Hyun Ahn ,  Seung Hoon Lee ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/137

CPC classification number: G02F1/133526 ,  G02F1/133536 ,  G02F1/133638 ,  G02F1/13718

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display system configured to produce light and a lens assembly that receives the light from the display panel. The lens assembly may include one or more lens elements, one or more cholesteric liquid crystal layers, one or more quarter wave plates, one or more linear polarizers, one or more reflective polarizers, and/or a partially reflective layer. The display system may include a display panel, a linear polarizer, one or more quarter wave plates, and/or a geometric phase lens.

公开(公告)号：US12090821B1

公开(公告)日：2024-09-17

申请号：US17364209

申请日：2021-06-30

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Yuan Chen ,  Falu Yang ,  Haiqing Xianyu ,  Peter F. Masschelein ,  Sang Un Choi ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Yunseok Lee ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1334 ,  B60J3/04 ,  E06B9/24 ,  G02F1/1337

CPC classification number: B60J3/04 ,  E06B9/24 ,  G02F1/1334 ,  G02F1/133711 ,  E06B2009/2464

Abstract: A system such as a vehicle, building, or electronic device system may have a support structure with one or more windows. The support structure and window may separate an interior region within the system from a surrounding exterior region. Control circuitry may receive input such as user input and may adjust an adjustable layer in the window based on the input. The adjustable layer may be an adjustable light transmission layer. The adjustable light transmission layer may have a polymer matrix layer with embedded guest-host liquid crystal cells. Each cell may have liquid crystal material and dichroic dye. The adjustable light transmission layer may be operated in a dark state to prevent light from passing through the window, a clear state in which the window passes light, and intermediate states that exhibit intermediate light transmission levels.

公开(公告)号：US20240094455A1

公开(公告)日：2024-03-21

申请号：US18261981

申请日：2022-01-11

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Jin Yan ,  Young Cheol Yang ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02B5/30 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/09 ,  G02B27/28

CPC classification number: G02B5/3083 ,  G02B27/0018 ,  G02B27/0172 ,  G02B27/0955 ,  G02B27/0977 ,  G02B27/286 ,  G02B2027/0116

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display system and an optical system that are supported by a housing. The optical system may be a catadioptric optical system having one or more lens elements. The optical system may include a wave plate stack with one or more wave plates. The display system may include a polarizer stack with a linear polarizer and one or more wave plates. The optical system and display system may each include a negative dispersion quarter wave plate. A positive C-plate may be positioned adjacent to each quarter wave plate. The optical system may include a quarter wave plate having positive birefringence whereas the display system may include a quarter wave plate having negative birefringence. The optical system and display system may each include a quarter wave plate and a half wave plate.

公开(公告)号：US11892720B2

公开(公告)日：2024-02-06

申请号：US17006441

申请日：2020-08-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Zhibing Ge ,  Cheng-Ho Yu ,  Young-Bae Park ,  Abbas Jamshidi Roudbari ,  Shih-Chang Chang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Marduke Yousefpor ,  John Z. Zhong

IPC: G06F3/044 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G02F1/1343

CPC classification number: G02F1/13338 ,  G02F1/1362 ,  G06F3/044 ,  G06F3/0412 ,  G06F3/0445 ,  G02F1/134318 ,  G02F1/134372 ,  G02F1/136218 ,  G02F1/136286 ,  G06F2203/04107

Abstract: Electrical shield line systems are provided for openings in common electrodes near data lines of display and touch screens. Some displays, including touch screens, can include multiple common electrodes (Vcom) that can have openings between individual Vcoms. Some display screens can have an open slit between two adjacent edges of Vcom. Openings in Vcom can allow an electric field to extend from a data line through the Vcom layer. A shield can be disposed over the Vcom opening to help reduce or eliminate an electric field from affecting a pixel material, such as liquid crystal. The shield can be connected to a potential such that electric field is generated substantially between the shield and the data line to reduce or eliminate electric fields reaching the liquid crystal.

公开(公告)号：US20240027847A1

公开(公告)日：2024-01-25

申请号：US18464081

申请日：2023-09-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang ,  Yuechen Wu ,  Xiaokai Li ,  Cheng-Ho Yu ,  Zhibing Ge

IPC: G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC classification number: G02F1/134309 ,  G02F1/133553 ,  G02F1/133514

Abstract: Increasing resolution of liquid crystal displays may result in small distances between adjacent liquid crystal display pixels. This tight pixel spacing may reduce transmission through the liquid crystal display pixels and may result in cross-talk between the liquid crystal display pixels. To increase transmission and, correspondingly, display efficiency, a reflective layer may be included in the liquid crystal display. The reflective layer recycles backlight that may otherwise be absorbed, improving transmittance and efficiency. To reduce color shift and color mixing caused by cross-talk, the pixels may have their pixel electrodes arranged in a zigzag layout. Each pixel electrode may have a height that is less than or equal to the total height of the pixel divided by two. The pixel electrodes in a given row are also alternatingly coupled to first and second gate lines. This zigzag layout results in an increased distance between adjacent pixel electrodes, mitigating pixel cross-talk.