摘要:
A temperature indicating paint comprises 4 wt % to 40 wt % sodium alumino sulpho silicate, 1 wt % to 38 wt % nickel antimony titanate and the binder comprises 25 wt % to 50 wt % silicone resin 10 wt % to 30 wt % acrylic resin each excluding solvent. This composition undergoes colour changes occur, these are; Blue 520-560° C.; Light Blue 950-990° C.; Light Yellow 1000-1040° C.; Glazed Black 1160-1200° C. The colour changes are particularly distinct and enable accurate analysis particularly, but not exclusively, in gas turbine engines.
摘要:
An irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 0.7 wt % to 0.9 wt % toluidine red, 7 wt % to 32 wt % cobalt aluminium spinel and glass, 7 wt % to 32 wt % cobalt chromite spinel, alumina, purple gold and frit, 37 wt % to 41 wt % acrylic resin, 20 wt % to 23 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The solvent comprises a mixture of 80% 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 20% dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether. A particular irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 0.78 wt % toluidine red, 19.55 wt % cobalt aluminium spinel and glass, 19.55 wt % cobalt chromite spinel, alumina, purple gold and frit, 39.1 wt % acrylic resin, 21.1 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The irreversible temperature indicating paint is used to determine the temperatures to which various parts of turbine blades, turbine vanes or other components are subjected in operation of a gas turbine engine.
摘要:
An irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 29 wt % to 37 wt % cobalt aluminium spinel and glass, 35 wt % to 45 wt % acrylic resin and 20 wt % to 30 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The solvent comprises a mixture of 80% 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 20% dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether. A particular irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 34.9 wt % cobalt aluminium spinel and glass, 42.5 wt % acrylic resin and 22.6 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The irreversible temperature indicating paint has four or more colour changes in the temperature range 500° C. to 900° C. The irreversible temperature indicating paint is used to determine the temperatures to which various parts of turbine blades, turbine vanes or other components are subjected in operation of the gas turbine engine.
摘要:
An irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 25 wt % to 50 wt % cobalt silicate, 0 wt % to 20 wt % alumino silicate, 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % toluidine red, 25 wt % to 40 wt % acrylic resin and 10 wt % to 20 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The solvent comprises a mixture of 80% 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 20% dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether. The irreversible temperature indicating paint has at least five colour changes in the temperature range 1050° C. to 1350° C. A particular irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 33.8 wt % cobalt silicate, 16.9 wt % alumino silicate, 2 wt % toluidine red, 30.8 wt % acrylic resin and 16.5 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The irreversible temperature indicating paint is used to determine the temperatures to which various parts of turbine blades, turbine vanes or other components are subjected in operation of the gas turbine engine.
摘要:
An irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 25 wt % to 50 wt % cobalt silicate, 0 wt % to 20 wt % alumino silicate, 0.5 wt % to 5 wt % toluidine red, 25 wt % to 40 wt % acrylic resin and 10 wt % to 20 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The solvent comprises a mixture of 80% 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 20% dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether. The irreversible temperature indicating paint has at least five colour changes in the temperature range 1050null C. to 1350null C. A particular irreversible temperature indicating paint comprises 33.8 wt % cobalt silicate, 16.9 wt % alumino silicate, 2 wt % toluidine red, 30.8 wt % acrylic resin and 16.5 wt % silicone resin excluding solvent. The irreversible temperature indicating paint is used to determine the temperatures to which various parts of turbine blades, turbine vanes or other components are subjected in operation of the gas turbine engine.
摘要:
Monocrystalline nickel-cobalt-manganese-copper oxide having a cubic spinel structure over a broad range of concentration ratios of manganese/cobalt/nickel/copper, including methods of producing such monocrystals, particularly those having a quaternary cubic spinel structure. Sensors having desirable electrical properties are disclosed, which sensors comprise at least a portion of such monocrystals. In particular, such sensors are highly accurate temperature sensors or thermistors having high sensitivity, good reproducibility and improved aging characteristics.
摘要:
Method and apparatus are used to determine surface properties. A reflectometer directs an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) source having a plurality of selected wavelengths to a surface of a semiconductor substrate having a known selected surface property. The quantity and variation of reflectance of EMR at each selected wavelength is measured, and a target wavelength therefrom is identified that has the highest variation of reflected EMR. EMR reflectance measurements are then made at the target wavelength on surfaces having unknown surface properties for comparison to that of the original surface. The magnitude of variation in the comparison, based upon a predetermined understanding of such variations, provide an analytical tool by which the surface is analyzed for the selected surface property. With the disclosed technique, reflectance can be used to determine characteristics of each of multiple layers that are deposited in-situ. The disclosed technique is also useful to identify both a pattern and a film on a surface, as a process end point detection tool, and in multiple points analysis on a surface using master and slave reflectometers.
摘要:
A ceramic thin film applique provided on a substrate effects an optical transition at a predetermined elevated temperature. Below the transition temperature, the applique exhibits distinctive visual and physical characteristics, for example color, opaqueness and/or texture, but when the substrate is heated to the transition temperature, the visual and physical characteristics of the applique change noticeably. The invention encompasses the composition of the applique itself, as well as the methods of making the applique, applying it to the substrate, and using it.
摘要:
A temperature indicator for indicating the temperature condition of an object while subjecting the object to an external temperature environment. The temperature indicator includes a substantially transparent outer shell containing a substantially transport modeling structure, which includes a plurality of heat receiving elements, for modeling the thermal diffusivity of the object. The indicator also includes a temperature measuring device in thermal contact with the modeling structure for measuring the temperature within the outer shell to thereby indicate the temperature condition of the object. The outer shell including first and second sections which apply a compressive force to the modeling structure when the first and second sections are secured together to thereby confine the modeling structure within the outer shell.
摘要:
A fiber optic sensor for sensing pressure, temperature, voltage and other environmental parameters. A fiber is terminated in a series of semiconductor layers, each absorbing light as a function of the sensed parameters at a different wavelength. Light is transmitted down the fiber with plural frequencies and reflected by the termination to provide in the reflected light an attenuation representative of the parameters sensed. The reflected light intensity is detected and electronically processed to provide an indication of the magnitude of the parameters being sensed. With each frequency differently attenuated, the sensed parameters are separately detected. In one implementation two discrete frequencies or wavelengths of light are directed down the unitary fiber to its termination containing first and second semiconductor layers and reflective terminations that have an absorption characteristic which is a function of the sensed parameters such that the first frequency is partially absorbed in the first layer and reflected by its termination while the second frequency is transmitted substantially unaffected through to the second layer where it is partially absorbed and reflected. The two reflected wavelengths of radiation are retransmitted through the optical fiber and coupled into receivers which provide an output signal representing the reflected light magnitude. Parameter sensitive reflective layers may be substituted for the absorptive layers. The semiconductive layers may be employed in a detector configuration.