Abstract:
Provided are an input buffer of a memory device, a memory controller, and a memory system making use thereof. The input buffer of a memory device is enabled or disabled in response to a first signal showing chip selection information and a second signal showing power down information, and the input buffer is enabled only when the second signal shows a non-power down mode and the first signal shows a chip selection state. The input buffer is at least one selected from the group consisting of a row address strobe input buffer, a column address strobe input buffer, and an address input buffer.
Abstract:
a phase-change random access memory (PRAM) device including a plurality of nanowires and a method of manufacturing the same include: a lower structure including a plurality of contact plugs; the nanowires extending into the contact plugs from surfaces defining a respective terminal end of the contact plugs; and a phase-change layer formed on top of the nanowires. Therefore, a reset or a set current consumed by the PRAM device is significantly reduced.
Abstract:
A semiconductor wafer baking apparatus includes a hot plate, a container of which an upper part is open, and a cover that covers the upper part of the container. The cover includes an upper plate, a lower plate and a side wall that form a gas circulating space therebetween. At least one gas inlet is formed in the side wall, a plurality of gas supply holes are formed in a central region of the lower plate, and a skirt on which is formed a gas exhaust unit is coupled to a lower edge of the cover.
Abstract:
A wafer bake system includes a heating plate for heating a wafer, and means for supporting the wafer to be spaced from the heating plate, wherein a gap distribution between the wafer and the heating plate is measured, and a temperature gradient of the wafer is controlled based on the measured gap distribution.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is an apparatus for producing 3D sound. The apparatus includes a determination unit, a mono sound spreading unit, a stereo sound spreading unit, a selection unit, and a 3D sound accelerator. The determination unit receives a source sound file and determines whether the source sound file is mono or stereo. The mono sound spreading unit converts the source sound into pseudo-stereo sound and performs sound spreading on the pseudo-stereo sound, if the source sound is determined to be mono. The stereo sound spreading unit performs sound spreading on the source sound, if the source sound is determined to be stereo. The selection unit receives the output of the mono sound spreading unit or stereo sound spreading unit, and transfers the output to headphones if the headphone reproduction has been selected. The 3D sound accelerator receives the output from the selection unit if speaker reproduction has been selected, removes crosstalk from the output, and transfers the crosstalk-free output to speakers.
Abstract:
An LCD module is provided for use in a hand-held portable phone, which is eminently improved in impact-resistant property. The LCD module includes an LCD panel, a mold frame for receiving and supporting the LCD panel, and a chassis for reinforcing the rigidity of the mold frame, wherein the mold frame and the chassis are integrally insert-molded.
Abstract:
In a packet addressing method, one or more memory blocks are selected from a plurality of memory blocks and one or more data I/O pads are selected from a plurality of data I/O pads via which data input or output to/from the selected memory blocks are loaded, memory cell data output from the selected memory blocks are sequentially output to the selected data I/O pads, and data input to the selected data I/O pads are sequentially input to the selected memory blocks, so that read and write operations are independently accomplished in each of data I/O pads. The data I/O width can be adjusted according to the word length which is selectively set up, and power consumption can be reduced due to partial activation of the memory block.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a sense amplifier circuit which includes a first, a second and a third similar load transistors. The first and second load transistors supply a dummy data line with a current of the same amount to one another. Acting in a current mirror configuration, the third load transistor supplies a data line with a current equaling the total current supplied by the first and second load transistors. A dummy memory cell is composed of the same transistor as an on-state memory cell. According to this sense amplifier structure, it is very easy to obtain a dummy cell current which has an intermediate value consistently between an on cell current and an off cell current of the memory cell, which are supplied from the third load transistor to the data line. The improved intermediate value yields a reliable readout of the memory cell.
Abstract:
A device and a method for meeting the distortion characteristic of a predistorter in accordance with the distortion characteristic of an output amplifier in a transmitter. The device controls the non-linear distortion characteristic of a predistorter in a radio communication transmitter which includes the predistorter for beforehand generating the non-linear distortion characteristic in opposition to non-linear distortion characteristics arising in an output amplifier, and up-converter for converting an output frequency of the predistorter into a radio frequency bandpass and outputting the converted frequency to the output amplifier. The device includes: a monitoring unit for monitoring the output level of the output amplifier; a storing unit for beforehand storing the non-linear distortion characteristics of the predistorter as digital data; a distortion controller for outputting and controlling given non-linear distortion characteristic digital data stored in the storing unit in correspondence with the output level of the monitoring unit; and a digital/analog converter for converting the non-linear distortion characteristic digital data outputted by the distortion controller into an analog signal and providing the converted data to the predistorter.
Abstract:
Provided is a method for analyzing metagenomic information using a degenerate primer which can be applied for quickly determining the utility value of a massive amount of metagenome samples. In particular, the superfamily-specific degenerate primer of the present invention is used to quickly detect the presence or absence of the genetic information of the target peptides in the metagenome by a simple method, thereby collecting a large amount of useful peptide resource information from various metagenome samples at high speed. Further, the present invention may be used for screening new peptide genes by designing and producing superfamily-specific degenerate primers of new target peptides based on the method of the present invention. In addition, the method of the present invention can be applied not only to enzymes but also to studies related to polypeptides, oligopeptides, antibiotic resistance genes, antimicrobial peptides, antifungal peptides, oligopeptides, markers, or single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).