摘要:
A failed manifold pressure sensor is identified in a control apparatus having two manifold pressure detecting systems as a failsafe. A first comparing unit outputs an abnormal signal when a difference ΔP between manifold pressures PMa and PMb detected respectively by two sensors is larger than a threshold value DP. A manifold pressure estimating unit estimates the manifold pressure from the engine revolution Ne, a throttle opening PLP, and an atmospheric pressure PAa. The difference calculating unit calculates a difference ΔPMb between the detected manifold pressure PMb and the estimated manifold pressure PMcal. The difference calculating unit calculates a difference ΔPMa between the detected manifold pressure PMa and the estimated manifold pressure PMcal. A second comparing unit compares the difference ΔPMa and the difference ΔPMb in response to the aforementioned abnormal signal. The failed manifold pressure sensor is specified according to which one of the difference ΔPMa and the difference ΔPMb is larger.
摘要:
A plasma display device includes a first electrode from which sustain discharge occurs; a second electrode from which sustain discharge occur to the first electrode, a distance from the second electrode to the first electrode continuously varying in one discharge space; and a driving circuit which generates a sustain discharge pulse that rises in two stages, with an application time of a second-stage voltage being longer than an application time of a first-stage voltage, to apply the sustain discharge pulse between the first and second electrodes, thereby causing the sustain discharge.
摘要:
In a plasma display device comprising: plural first, second, and third electrodes disposed adjacently and extending in a first direction, the third electrodes being provided between the first and second electrodes for repeating discharges; a dielectric layer covering the electrodes, a first electrode driving circuit for driving the first electrodes; a second electrode driving circuit for driving the second electrodes; and a third electrode driving circuit for driving the third electrodes, grayscale display is performed by a sub-field method, and the third electrodes are set to have a potential approximately the same as that of the first or second electrode at the discharge in the repetitive discharges. The third electrode driving circuit changes the ratio of the discharges in which the third electrodes operate as cathodes to the discharges in which they operate as anodes in the period when the discharges are repeated, at least in one sub-field.
摘要:
A digital subscriber line communicating system for communicating between a transmitting side and a receiving side through a communication line, comprising a hyperframe counter for periodically counting a predetermined number of continuous transmitting data symbols constituting a hyperframe synchronized with a timing signal, and a decoder for discriminating, based on the count value of the hyperframe counter, whether a transmitting data symbol belongs to a FEXTR or a NEXTR.A sequencer is provided for initializing the status during an initialization period before starting usual communication. The initialization period includes an activation and acknowledgement sequence, a transceiver training sequence, a channel analysis sequence, and an exchange sequence. According to a single bitmap mode, the initialization is carried out by transmitting modulated symbols through only inside of said sliding window. According to a dual bitmap mode, the initialization except for an S/N measuring sequence in the channel analysis sequence is carried out by transmitting modulated symbols through only inside of said sliding window, and the S/N measuring sequence is carried out by transmitting modulated symbols through both inside and outside of said sliding window.
摘要:
An optical fiber preform comprises a central core portion having a maximal value Nc of refractive index in the center, and outside the central core portion, comprising at least a depressed portion having a minimal value Nd of refractive index, a ring portion having a maximal value Nr of refractive index and an outside cladding layer having a maximal value No of refractive index. The optical fiber preform satisfies a relation of Nc≧Nr>No>Nd among the values of refractive index. A method of the optical fiber preform comprises fabricating a glass rod by inserting a rod containing at least the central core portion into a pipe containing at least the depressed portion and integrating them, fabricating a glass pipe having the ring portion, and fabricating a vitreous body by integrating the glass rod and the glass pipe by collapsing after inserting the glass rod into the glass pipe.
摘要:
A driving method of the present invention is adapted to a plasma display panel which includes first and second electrodes formed on a substrate, third electrodes formed in a direction intersecting the first and second electrodes, and a dielectric layer covering the first and second electrodes. The driving method includes the steps of generating an address discharge between the first and the third electrode to select a predetermined cell and sustain discharges between the first and the second electrode to produce light for display, and controlling the plasma display panel such that the discharge intensity of a sustain discharge in which the second electrode serves as the anode is smaller than the discharge intensity of a sustain discharge in which the first electrode serves as the anode.
摘要:
Golf ball 1 has a core 2 and a cover 3. The core 2 is composed of a center 4 and a mid layer 5. Numerous dimples 6 are formed on the surface of the cover 3. Base polymer of this cover 3 includes a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer as a principal component. Shore D hardness of this cover 3 is 30 or greater and 55 or less. Surface area occupation ratio Y of these dimples 6 is equal to or greater than 0.80. Total volume V of these dimples 6 is 300 mm3 or greater and 700 mm3or less. Average volume Va that is a value derived through dividing this total volume V by total number of the dimples is equal to or greater than 1.30 mm3. Average curvature R that is a mean value of the curvature r of the cross-sectional shape of these dimples 6 is equal to or greater than 16 mm. Average occupation ratio y that is a value derived through dividing the surface area occupation ratio Y by total number N of the dimples is equal to or greater than 0.0022.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball having a paint film which is obtained from an environment-friendly aqueous paint and is excellent in the durable adhesion. The present invention provides a golf ball comprising a golf ball body, and a paint film covering said golf ball body, wherein the paint film has a resin component which is a reaction product obtainable by reacting an aqueous polyurethane having a carboxyl group with an aqueous polycarbodiimide and the blending ratio of the aqueous polycarbodiimide to the aqueous polyurethane having the carboxyl group is ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 at a molar ratio of a carbodiimide group to a carboxyl group(carbodiimide group/carboxyl group).
摘要:
In the multi colored thermally sensitive recording medium, at least one kind of dye precursor is contained in complex fine particles which contain dye precursor and polymer of multi valence isocyanate compound, further contain 4,4′-diisocyanate-3,3′-dimethyl-1,1′biphenyl and/or polymethylene.polyphenyl.polyisocyanate.
摘要:
A gas turbine plant comprises an air compressor, gas turbine including at least one high temperature section, a driven equipment, which are operatively connected in series, a gas turbine combustor arranged between the air compressor and the gas turbine, a fuel system disposed for supplying a fuel to the gas turbine combustor, and a heat exchange section for heating the fuel from the fuel by means of a high pressure air as a heating medium fed from the air compressor.