公开(公告)号：US4896636A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-30

申请号：US311848

申请日：1989-02-17

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle

IPC: F02B1/04 ,  F02P19/00 ,  F02P23/00 ,  F02P23/02 ,  F23Q7/00

CPC classification number: F02P19/00 ,  F02P23/02 ,  F02B1/04

Abstract: Operation of unthrottled internal combustion engines is improved by providing the combustion chambers with an electrically heated glow plug having a catalyst surface layer on the ignition element. The catalyst is heated to and maintained at a temperature high enough to be effective for vaporization of fuel drops and ignition of vaporized fuel by controlled electrical heating. In operation of the engine air is compressed in a combustion chamber and at least a portion of the fuel is injected during the latter portion of the compression stroke and the injected fuel ignited by contact of fuel with the hot catalytic surface of the glow plug resulting in a combustion pressure wave in the immediate vicinity of top dead center.

Abstract translation: 通过为燃烧室提供在点火元件上具有催化剂表面层的电加热的电热塞，来改善未节流内燃机的运行。 将催化剂加热并保持在足够高的温度下，以有效地燃烧燃料的蒸发和通过受控电加热引起汽化的燃料。 在发动机的运行中，空气在燃烧室中被压缩，并且至少一部分燃料在压缩行程的后半部分被喷射，并且通过燃料与电热塞的热催化表面的接触而点燃的喷射燃料导致 在上死点附近的燃烧压力波。

公开(公告)号：US4811707A

公开(公告)日：1989-03-14

申请号：US895468

申请日：1986-12-08

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle

IPC: F02B1/04 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B51/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02B77/02

CPC classification number: F02B51/02 ,  F02B77/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F05C2201/043 ,  F05C2251/06 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/126

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of operating a catalytic ignition internal combustion engine wherein the fuel is injected into a combustion chamber at a time near maximum compression such that at least a part of the fuel impinges upon an oxidation catalyst surface comprising a portion of the wall of said combustion chamber, said catalytic surface being insulated from the surroundings external to the combustion chamber by a low thermal conductivity material, said catalytic surface preferably comprising platinum. Also disclosed are combustion chambers constructed specially for the use of this method and the methods of constructing them.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种操作催化点火内燃机的方法，其中燃料在接近最大压缩的时候被喷射到燃烧室中，使得至少一部分燃料撞击在氧化催化剂表面上，该氧化催化剂表面包括所述 燃烧室，所述催化表面通过低热导率材料与燃烧室外部的环境绝缘，所述催化表面优选包含铂。 还公开了专门为使用该方法而构造的燃烧室及其构造方法。

公开(公告)号：US4407785A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-04

申请号：US39925

申请日：1979-05-17

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle

IPC: B01J19/24 ,  B01J35/04 ,  F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/28 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J12/00

CPC classification number: F01N3/28 ,  B01J19/2485 ,  B01J35/04 ,  B01J2219/00074 ,  F01N3/20

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for conducting catalytic reactions, particularly hydrogenation or oxidation of vaporous, carbonaceous materials, utilizing a plurality of thin catalyst bodies in a spaced-apart relationship.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种以间隔开的关系，利用多个薄的催化剂体进行催化反应，特别是气相，碳质材料的氢化或氧化的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4276203A

公开(公告)日：1981-06-30

申请号：US33705

申请日：1979-04-26

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle

IPC: B01D53/86 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J23/10 ,  B01J23/58 ,  B01J23/64

CPC classification number: B01J37/024 ,  B01D53/86

Abstract: A system and process for forming a catalytic bed in which the active catalytic material is formed with an enhanced surface area and secure adhesion onto a support structure. The system is formed by a process in which a liquid solution of a salt which is decomposable into a refractory oxide is applied to a support structure. The solution is dried to remove the solvent and, following decomposition of said salt, an active catalytic material is impregnated by applying onto the surface a soluble compound comprised of a noble metal or a catalytic oxide-forming metal. The structure is calcined to activate the catalytic material.

Abstract translation: 用于形成催化床的系统和方法，其中活性催化材料形成具有增强的表面积并确保粘附到支撑结构上。 该系统通过将可分解成难熔氧化物的盐的液体溶液施加到支撑结构的方法形成。 将溶液干燥以除去溶剂，并且在所述盐分解之后，通过将由贵金属或催化氧化物形成金属组成的可溶性化合物施加到表面上来浸渍活性催化材料。 将该结构煅烧以活化催化材料。

公开(公告)号：US4239499A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US851661

申请日：1977-11-15

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle

IPC: C10L3/08 ,  C01B2/14

CPC classification number: C10L3/08

Abstract: Methanol is passed over a catalyst at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce a fuel gas containing a high proportion of methane in a one-step catalytic conversion process. Removal of water and carbon dioxide from the fuel gas produces a synthetic natural gas. For example, methanol with water is passed over a precious metal catalyst such as ruthenium on alumina at a temperature in the range of about 350.degree. C. to 500.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of about 800 to 2500 psig to produce a gaseous mixture comprising methane, carbon dioxide, minor amounts of hydrogen and essentially no carbon monoxide. Upon condensing the water vapor and scrubbing out the carbon dioxide, synthetic natural gas is obtained having a methane content above 90% by volume.

Abstract translation: 甲醇在升高的温度和压力下通过催化剂，以在一步催化转化过程中产生含有高比例甲烷的燃料气体。 从燃料气中去除水和二氧化碳产生合成天然气。 例如，在约350℃至500℃的温度和约800至2500psig范围内的压力下，将含有水的甲醇在氧化铝上通过贵金属催化剂如钌，从而产生 包含甲烷，二氧化碳，少量氢气和基本上不含一氧化碳的气态混合物。 在冷凝水蒸气并洗涤二氧化碳时，获得甲烷含量高于90体积％的合成天然气。

公开(公告)号：US4073716A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-14

申请号：US629858

申请日：1975-11-07

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle ,  William P. Hettinger, Jr.

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle ,  William P. Hettinger, Jr.

IPC: C10G47/00 ,  C10G59/02 ,  C10G13/30 ,  C10G39/00

CPC classification number: C10G59/02 ,  C10G2400/26

Abstract: Synthetic natural gas and high octane motor fuel blending stock is produced by catalytically reforming naphtha at low severity to maximize production of aromatics and minimize hydrocracking, and then converting the remaining paraffins to methane in a methanation zone. The effluent from the methanation zone is separated into synthetic natural gas and motor fuel blending stock.

Abstract translation: 合成天然气和高辛烷值汽油燃料混合原料是通过低浓度催化重整石脑油来生产的，以最大程度地生产芳族化合物并最大程度减少加氢裂化，然后将其余的链烷烃转化成甲烷化区的甲烷。 来自甲烷化区的流出物被分离成合成天然气和马达燃料混合原料。

公开(公告)号：US4011839A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-15

申请号：US636022

申请日：1975-11-28

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle

IPC: F02B1/04 ,  F02B51/02 ,  F02B75/12

CPC classification number: F02B51/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  Y02T10/126

Abstract: An internal combustion piston engine utilizing a catalyst to promote combustion and not requiring spark ignition. A catalyst member is provided within the engine cylinder. Air is supplied to the cylinder and is compressed by a piston. At or near the point of maximum compression, fuel is contacted with the catalyst, preferably from the side of the catalyst opposite the piston. The fuel and air mix to initiate combustion and the air-fuel mixture passes through the catalyst member, completing the combustion. The operation can result in relatively complete combustion of the fuel at a relatively low temperature of about 1800.degree. to 3300.degree. or 3500.degree. F. so that little or no undesirable components are present in the engine exhaust, especially the exhaust may have a low content of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract translation: 利用催化剂促进燃烧并且不需要火花点火的内燃活塞发动机。 催化剂构件设置在发动机气缸内。 空气被供给到气缸并被活塞压缩。 在最大压缩点处或附近，燃料与催化剂接触，优选地从催化剂与活塞相对的一侧接触。 燃料和空气混合以开始燃烧，空气 - 燃料混合物通过催化剂构件，完成燃烧。 该操作可以在约1800°至3300°或3500°F的较低温度下燃料相对完全燃烧，因此在发动机排气中几乎不存在或不存在不期望的组分，特别是排气可能具有低含量 的氮氧化物。

公开(公告)号：US08864491B1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-21

申请号：US12001931

申请日：2007-12-12

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle ,  Benjamin D. Baird ,  Shahrokh Etemad ,  Sandeep K. Alavandi

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle ,  Benjamin D. Baird ,  Shahrokh Etemad ,  Sandeep K. Alavandi

IPC: F23M3/04

CPC classification number: F23C13/06 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C2900/13001 ,  F23C2900/13002 ,  F23R3/40

Abstract: A method for low NOx combustion, without premixing of fuel and air prior to passage to a combustor, is provided wherein a fuel is injected into a reaction zone via an eductor thereby inducing an air flow and producing a fuel-rich mixture. The fuel-rich mixture is reacted and produces partial reaction products plus heat. A portion of the heat is to transferred to a cooling air stream and the cooled partial reaction products are brought into contact with the heated cooling air stream for combustion. Increased injection of the fuel results in an increased induction of the air flow.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种低NOx燃烧的方法，其在通过燃烧器之前不预燃燃料和空气，其中通过喷射器将燃料注入反应区域，从而引起空气流并产生富燃料的混合物。 使富燃料的混合物反应并产生部分反应产物加热。 一部分热量被转移到冷却空气流中，冷却的部分反应产物与被加热的冷却空气流接触以进行燃烧。 燃料的注入增加导致空气流的增加。

公开(公告)号：US08739550B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

申请号：US12924671

申请日：2010-09-30

Applicant: Shahrokh Etemad ,  Benjamin D. Baird ,  Subir Roychoudhury ,  William C. Pfefferle

Inventor： Shahrokh Etemad ,  Benjamin D. Baird ,  Subir Roychoudhury ,  William C. Pfefferle

IPC: F02C7/22

CPC classification number: F23R3/40 ,  F23C6/045 ,  F23C13/06 ,  F23C2900/03002 ,  F23C2900/9901 ,  F23R3/286 ,  F23R3/32 ,  Y02T50/678

Abstract: The present invention provides a combustor for an aerospace gas turbine engine comprising two stages wherein each stage defines an inlet and an exit. The second stage inlet is in fluid communication with the first stage exit such that a first flowpath is defined and it passes substantially through the second stage. A plurality of flow channel tubes is positioned within the second stage and each flow channel tube passes sealingly through a header plate positioned upstream of the second stage inlet thereby defining a second flowpath that also passes substantially through the second stage. The first flowpath exit and the second flowpath exit are positioned adjacent and proximate to one another to provide for the generation of microflames or microflame jets exiting the second stage from between and around the flow channel tube exits. The first stage of the combustor provides a gasifier and a reformer. The present invention also may comprise an igniter for further combustion of the reacted products or an external heat source for start-up. The second stage also may comprise a microflame combustor.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于航空航天燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧器，其包括两个阶段，其中每个阶段限定入口和出口。 第二级入口与第一级出口流体连通，使得限定第一流动路径，并且其基本上通过第二级。 多个流动通道管定位在第二阶段内，并且每个流动通道管密封地穿过位于第二阶段入口上游的集管板，从而限定也基本上通过第二阶段的第二流动路径。 第一流路出口和第二流路出口相邻并且靠近彼此定位，以提供从流动通道管出口之间和周围离开第二阶段的微火焰或微火焰射流的产生。 燃烧器的第一阶段提供气化器和重整器。 本发明还可以包括用于进一步燃烧反应产物的点火器或用于启动的外部热源。 第二阶段还可以包括微火焰燃烧器。

公开(公告)号：US20120102965A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-03

申请号：US13373344

申请日：2011-11-10

Applicant: William C. Pfefferle ,  Lisa Burns

Inventor： William C. Pfefferle ,  Lisa Burns

IPC: F02C1/00

CPC classification number: F02C3/22 ,  F02C6/18 ,  F05D2270/082 ,  Y02E20/16

Abstract: A method for operating a hydrogen-fueled gas turbine is provided wherein a supply of fuel is passed to a gas turbine combustor, and a supply of nitrogen and sufficient air to provide at least sufficient compressed air to the gas turbine for fuel combustion is passed to a compressor. A sufficient portion of the compressor discharge flow is passed to a combustor for fuel rich combustion of the fuel flow to the combustor and the fuel is combusted to produce hot combustion gases that are, in turn, passed to a turbine.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于操作氢燃料燃气轮机的方法，其中燃料供应被传递到燃气轮机燃烧器，并且供应氮气和足够的空气以向燃气轮机提供至少足够的压缩空气用于燃料燃烧被传递到 压缩机 压缩机排放流的足够部分被传送到燃烧器，用于燃料燃烧燃料到燃烧器的燃料，并且燃料被燃烧以产生热燃烧气体，其又被传递到涡轮机。