Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a system and method for actuating an engine valve. In one embodiment, the present invention is a system for providing exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in an engine having at least one engine valve, the system comprising: means for imparting a valve train motion; a first valve actuation subsystem for transferring motion from the motion imparting means to the engine valve, the first valve actuation subsystem capable of providing valve actuation for at least a portion of a main exhaust event during a first engine operating condition, and a full main exhaust event during a second engine operating condition; and a second valve actuation subsystem for transferring motion from the motion imparting means to the engine valve, the second valve actuation subsystem capable of providing valve actuation for an exhaust gas recirculation event during the first engine operating condition.
Abstract:
A gas recirculation system is disclosed for improving engine braking in an internal combustion engine having an intake valve, an exhaust valve, and a cylinder. The system includes an exhaust manifold operatively connected to the cylinder through the exhaust valve; an intake manifold operatively connected to the cylinder through the intake valve; and a gas recirculation passage adapted to recirculate gas from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold during an engine braking event.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods of improving engine braking of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine by variable valve actuation. One embodiment of the present invention enables independent two-valve actuation for each cylinder, and engine braking horsepower can be optimized using two-valve braking at high engine speeds and one-valve braking at low speeds. Another embodiment of the present invention enables better a sequential valve actuation to reduce engine braking load and compliance. Another embodiment of the present invention enables better engine starting and warming up by controlling timing and lift of each valve.
Abstract:
A method of continuously fabricating a lens excellent in various optical characteristics and having no nonuniformity in the characteristics over a total of the lens and a lens fabricated by the method. A first step for forming thiourethane prepolymer and a second step for making thiourethane prepolymer react with at least one urethane forming monomer are carried out in an extruder or in a reactor having an extruding device at a succeeding step, extruded thermoplastic thiourethane-urethane copolymer for optical use is elongated in a sheet-like shape, a lens precursor is formed by punching out the copolymer elongated in a sheet-like shape and the lens precursor is pressed such that a predetermined curved face is provided at least on one face of the lens precursor.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to making optical articles such as opthalmic lenses by molding and, in particular, to using a continuous extrusion-compression molding method to make plastic lenses whereby a polymer melt is fed from an extruder or melting apparatus to a first die of a plurality of rotating or conveyed sequentially processed compression die sets comprising a first die and a second die. The die sets are positioned on die supports on a rotating turntable or conveying system, the lenses formed by compressing the die sets with pressing means associated with each die support, the lenses separated from the dies and the dies recycled to die loading and the melt feed step of the process and the process repeated until the desired number of lenses or other optical articles such as compact disk substrates are produced.