摘要:
The invention relates to a molding tool for the production of components composed of fiber composite materials, in which the molding tool has a fiber composite structure and an electrical resistance heating element, whereby carbon fibers or carbon filaments are embedded into the fiber composite structure of the molding tool in a plastic matrix, close to the shaping surface of the molding tool. Such a molding tool is further developed in that the carbon fibers or carbon filaments in the plastic matrix, close to the shaping surface, essentially determine the mechanical strength of the molding tool, and that the electrical resistance heating element is interconnected in such a manner that at least individual sections of the electrical resistance heating element form an electrical parallel circuit with one another.
摘要:
Electrical apparatus such as a heater (2) for an ice protection system for an aircraft (1) comprises a laminate such as a heater mat (3) and a connector (41-49). The laminate (3) comprises dielectric layers (50-58) and an electrical element such as a heater element (501), and each dielectric layer of the laminate comprises thermoplastic material. The connector (41-49) comprises a ribbon having first and second ends and a metal conductor (413, 423, 433). The ribbon comprises thermoplastic material and its first end (415, 425, 435, 445, 455, 465, 475, 485) is embedded in the laminate and is laminated to adjacent first and second ones of the dielectric layers (50-58) of the laminate. Because the thermoplastic material of the ribbon is the same as or is compatible with the thermoplastic material of the first and second dielectric layers, the formation of an undesirable discontinuity at the interfaces between the first end of the ribbon and the first and second dielectric layers is prevented. Thus, cracks are less likely to be initiated at the interfaces during the use of the electrical apparatus, and de-lamination is less likely to occur.
摘要:
A lead portion (25) of a heater coil (22) is constituted of a single coil wound into a coil and a bead portion (24) is constituted of a double coil formed by further winding the single coil into a coil. By constituting a detecting element (2) by burying the bead portion (24) in a heat conductive layer (21) and adhering a catalyst layer (23) on the surface of the heat conductive layer (21), improvement of the gas sensitivity and the response speed of a catalytic combustion gas sensor is facilitated. Zero point variation is reduced by improving impact resistance. When both ends of the heater coil are fixed to electrode pins, both ends of the heater coil are welded to the electrode pins using a resistance welding method, etc., with a platinum wire, etc., wound on a primary core wire, and thereafter, the primary core wire is melted and eliminated while leaving the platinum wire, etc., by a wet etching process.
摘要:
A lead portion (25) of a heater coil (22) is constituted of a single coil wound into a coil and a bead portion (24) is constituted of a double coil formed by further winding the single coil into a coil. By constituting a detecting element (2) by burying the bead portion (24) in a heat conductive layer (21) and adhering a catalyst layer (23) on the surface of the heat conductive layer (21), improvement of the gas sensitivity and the response speed of a catalytic combustion gas sensor is facilitated. Zero point variation is reduced by improving impact resistance. When both ends of the heater coil are fixed to electrode pins, both ends of the heater coil are welded to the electrode pins using a resistance welding method, etc., with a platinum wire, etc., wound on a primary core wire, and thereafter, the primary core wire is melted and eliminated while leaving the platinum wire, etc., by a wet etching process.
摘要:
This invention provides a method of manufacturing a ceramic heater which includes the steps of: preparing a ceramic heater base member; applying a platinum paste to a surface of the heater base member so as to form a heater pattern on the surface; applying a ceramic paste to the surface of the heater base member so as to form an insulating layer that covers the heater pattern on the surface; and firing the heater base member with the heater pattern and the insulating layer formed thereon, wherein in the firing step, differences among maximum shrinkage percentages of the heater base member, the heater pattern, and the insulating layer are less than or equal to 5%. With the method, interfacial separation is prevented from occurring at the interfaces among the heater base member, heater pattern, and insulating layer, thus resulting in the ceramic heater having superior insulation properties and durability.
摘要:
In order to create a heating device which can operate in different power stages, but only has to be contacted from one side, the invention provides a heating device with at least two plate-like ceramic heating elements, which are electrically contacted on opposite flat sides and on at least one side is provided at least one flat, electrical conductor, in which on one side of the elements there are at least two conductors electrically insulated from one another, each of the conductors being in contact with at least one heating element.
摘要:
A heated element assembly and method of manufacturing heated element assemblies is provided. The heated element assembly including a first and second molded sections shaped to mate with each other is provided. A resistance heating element is secured between the first and second molded sections by an interference fit. The resistance heating element includes a piercable supporting substrate and a resistance wire sewn thereon. The resistance wire is disposed in a predetermined circuit path which is substantially encompassed by the first and second molded sections. The resistance heating element is easily fixed in a position between the first and second molded sections and is capable of providing heat on vertical, horizontal and contoured surfaces.
摘要:
A molded polymer composite heater is shown. The use of transfer molding and compression molding allows for the use of thermoset polymers containing very high levels of reinforcement fillers. These improved materials, in turn create a heater with thermophysical properties superior to the prior art, including higher heat flux levels, thermal conductivity, impact resistance, and maintenance of mechanical properties at high temperatures (˜>300° F.). The present invention also allows for wide variety of geometric configurations and the possibility to insert temperature sensors directly in hot zones of the heater.
摘要:
A gravy warming ladle has a bowl comprising a pair of concavo-convex shell-like upper and lower parts with the upper part received within and having its bottom spaced from the lower part to form a hollow cavity therebetween that tapers from a maximum size at the center to a minimum size at the edges and with the edges of the parts being united in a thin free edge. An electric heating element is disposed in a mass of asbestos heat storing insulation filling the cavity. A tubular handle is attached to a neck on the bowl formed by fitted-together semi-cylindrical projections on the upper and lower parts. Current supply wires extend through the handle and are connected to the heating element at the neck portion. Insulating blocks in the neck portion insure proper insulation of the connections between the wires and heating element.
摘要:
D R A W I N G AN ANTI-ICING SYSTEM IS DISCLOSED FOR RADOMES IN WHICH THE RADAR TRANSPARENT RADOME IS COATED WITH A THERMALLY CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL OVER RESISTIVE HEATING ELEMENTS. THE INVENTION HEREIN DESCRIBED WAS MADE IN THE COURSE OF OR UNDER A CONTRACT OR SUBCONTRACT THEREUNDER, WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY.