公开(公告)号：US20170091621A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-30

申请号：US14868505

申请日：2015-09-29

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Tayfun Gokmen ,  Seyoung Kim

IPC: G06N3/08 ,  G06N5/02

CPC classification number: G06N3/084 ,  G06N3/049 ,  G06N3/0635 ,  G06N3/08 ,  G06N20/00

Abstract: In some aspects, a method may include initializing a first array and a second array with a random voltage value, passing a forward pass by pulsing an input voltage value from an input of the first array and an input of the second array, and reading output voltage values at an output of the first array and an output of the second array. The method may further include passing a backward pass into the inputs of both of the first and second arrays, and reading voltage values at the inputs of the first and second arrays. The method may further include updating, with the first array, a first matrix update on the first array, updating, with the second array, a first matrix update on the second, and updating, with the second array, a second matrix update on the second array.

公开(公告)号：US20160359072A1

公开(公告)日：2016-12-08

申请号：US15234458

申请日：2016-08-11

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Tayfun Gokmen ,  Oki Gunawan ,  Richard A. Haight ,  Jeehwan Kim ,  David B. Mitzi ,  Mark T. Winkler

IPC: H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/0328 ,  H01L31/077

CPC classification number: H01L31/075 ,  H01L31/0322 ,  H01L31/0324 ,  H01L31/0326 ,  H01L31/0328 ,  H01L31/077 ,  H01L31/18 ,  Y02E10/541

Abstract: A photovoltaic device includes a first contact and a hybrid absorber layer. The hybrid absorber layer includes a chalcogenide layer and a semiconductor layer in contact with the chalcogenide layer. A buffer layer is formed on the absorber layer, and a transparent conductive contact layer is formed on the buffer layer.

公开(公告)号：US09389273B2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-12

申请号：US13675928

申请日：2012-11-13

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Tayfun Gokmen ,  Oki Gunawan

IPC: G01B7/02 ,  G01R31/26 ,  H02S50/10 ,  H01L31/0687

CPC classification number: G01R31/2635 ,  H01L31/0687 ,  H02S50/10 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: An apparatus for determining solar cell characteristics includes a quantum efficiency measurement tool configured to measure an external quantum efficiency of the solar cell and a reflectivity measurement tool configured to measure the reflectivity of the solar cell. The apparatus also includes a capacitance measurement tool configured to measure the capacitance of the solar cell and a processor configured to calculate a diffusion length of the solar cell based on the measured quantum efficiency, reflectivity and capacitance of the solar cell.

公开(公告)号：US20140136133A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-15

申请号：US13968004

申请日：2013-08-15

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Tayfun Gokmen ,  Oki Gunawan

IPC: G01R31/26

CPC classification number: G01R31/2635 ,  H01L31/0687 ,  H02S50/10 ,  Y02E10/50 ,  Y02E10/544

Abstract: An apparatus for determining solar cell characteristics includes a quantum efficiency measurement tool configured to measure an external quantum efficiency of the solar cell and a reflectivity measurement tool configured to measure the reflectivity of the solar cell. The apparatus also includes a capacitance measurement tool configured to measure the capacitance of the solar cell and a processor configured to calculate a diffusion length of the solar cell based on the measured quantum efficiency, reflectivity and capacitance of the solar cell.

公开(公告)号：US12217166B2

公开(公告)日：2025-02-04

申请号：US17321617

申请日：2021-05-17

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Mark S. Squillante ,  Ogunzhan Murat Onen ,  Tayfun Gokmen ,  Vasileios Kalantzis ,  Tomasz J. Nowicki ,  Wilfried Haensch ,  Lior Horesh

IPC: G06N3/065 ,  G06F7/523 ,  G06F17/16 ,  G06N3/047

Abstract: A method is presented for computing an equilibrium distribution of Markov processes. The method includes storing weight values in an analog crossbar array of transition probability matrices, where the analog crossbar array of transition probability matrices represents a weight matrix with m rows and n columns, computing an eigenvector associated with a real eigenvalue of modulus one for each of the transition probability matrices, applying a gradient-based eigenvalue solver to converge to a dominant eigenpair, and determining a probability of changing from one state to another state in a stochastic entity based on outcomes of the gradient-based eigenvalue solver.

公开(公告)号：US20240176843A1

公开(公告)日：2024-05-30

申请号：US18179411

申请日：2023-03-07

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Tayfun Gokmen ,  Vasileios Kalantzis ,  Shashanka Ubaru ,  Lior Horesh

IPC: G06F17/12

CPC classification number: G06F17/12

Abstract: A method of computation includes receiving, by a requesting device, a system of linear equations, and computing a solution to the system of linear equations by a flexible iterative algorithm. The computing includes, for each iteration, determining a most computationally expensive operation of the iteration, mapping the most expensive operation to a low precision format, performing the most expensive operation according to a low precision, performing other operations of the iteration according to a high precision, and returning the solution to the requesting device.

公开(公告)号：US20230289585A1

公开(公告)日：2023-09-14

申请号：US18319570

申请日：2023-05-18

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION

Inventor： Tayfun Gokmen ,  Seyoung Kim ,  Dennis M. Newns ,  Yurii A. Vlasov

IPC: G06N3/065

CPC classification number: G06N3/065 ,  G06N3/084

Abstract: A resistive processing unit (RPU) that includes a pair of transistors connected in series providing an update function for a weight of a training methodology to the RPU, and a read transistor for reading the weight of the training methodology. In some embodiments, the resistive processing unit (RPU) further includes a capacitor connecting a gate of the read transistor to the air of transistors providing the update function for the resistive processing unit (RPU). The capacitor stores said weight of training methodology for the RPU.

公开(公告)号：US20230080480A1

公开(公告)日：2023-03-16

申请号：US17473428

申请日：2021-09-13

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Abdullah Kayi ,  Tayfun Gokmen

IPC: G06F9/50 ,  G06N3/08

Abstract: A system comprises compute nodes distributed over a network and configured to perform a pipeline parallel process. The system also comprises an extended memory comprising a global virtual address space which is shared by the compute nodes. The extended memory is configured to enable the compute nodes to exchange data over the network when the compute nodes perform the pipeline parallel process.

公开(公告)号：US11544061B2

公开(公告)日：2023-01-03

申请号：US17131034

申请日：2020-12-22

Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION ,  Ramot at Tel Aviv University Ltd.

Inventor： Malte Johannes Rasch ,  Oguzhan Murat Onen ,  Tayfun Gokmen ,  Chai Wah Wu ,  Mark S. Squillante ,  Tomasz J. Nowicki ,  Wilfried Haensch ,  Lior Horesh ,  Vasileios Kalantzis ,  Haim Avron

IPC: G06F13/00 ,  G06F17/16 ,  G06F9/30 ,  G06F9/50

Abstract: Methods and systems for solving a linear system include setting resistances in an array of settable electrical resistances in accordance with values of an input matrix. A series of input vectors is applied to the array as voltages to generate a series of respective output vectors. Each input vector in the series of vectors is updated based on comparison of the respective output vectors to a target vector. A solution of a linear system is determined that includes the input matrix based on the updated input vectors.

公开(公告)号：US20220188628A1

公开(公告)日：2022-06-16

申请号：US17121930

申请日：2020-12-15

Applicant: International Business Machines Corporation

Inventor： Malte Johannes Rasch ,  Tayfun Gokmen ,  Seyoung Kim

IPC: G06N3/08 ,  G06N3/063

Abstract: A device which comprises an array of resistive processing unit (RPU) cells, first control lines extending in a first direction across the array of RPU cells, and second control lines extending in a second direction across the array of RPU cells. Peripheral circuitry comprising readout circuitry is coupled to the first and second control lines. A control system generates control signals to control the peripheral circuitry to perform a first operation and a second operation on the array of RPU cells. The control signals include a first configuration control signal to configure the readout circuitry to have a first hardware configuration when the first operation is performed on the array of RPU cells, and a second configuration control signal to configure the readout circuitry to have a second hardware configuration, which is different from the first hardware configuration, when the second operation is performed on the array of RPU cells.