摘要:
Methods, apparatus and computer program products are provided for defining the HARQ functionality for primary and secondary cells having different TDD UL/DL subframe configurations so as to reduce or eliminate instances in which the feedback is blocked and the UL grant is missed. For example, a method is provided that includes providing for communications via a primary cell and at least one secondary cell in a time division duplex (TDD) network that supports carrier aggregation in accordance with different TDD uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) subframe configurations. In this example, the method also defines at least one of: (i) UL or DL hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing, (ii) a maximum number of DL HARQ processes, (iii) a number of UL HARQ processes or (iv) an UL HARQ process mapping to be the same for each of the primary and secondary cells having different TDD UL/DL subframe configurations.
摘要翻译:提供了方法,装置和计算机程序产品,用于定义具有不同的TDD UL / DL子帧配置的主要和次要小区的HARQ功能,以便减少或消除反馈被阻止的情况,并且丢弃UL授权。 例如,提供了一种方法,其包括经由主小区和在根据不同的TDD上行链路(UL)/下行链路(DL))子帧支持载波聚合的时分双工(TDD)网络中的至少一个辅助小区进行通信 配置 在该示例中,该方法还定义了以下至少一个:(i)UL或DL混合自动重传请求(HARQ)定时,(ii)DL HARQ过程的最大数目,(iii)多个UL HARQ过程或( iv)针对具有不同的TDD UL / DL子帧配置的主小区和次小区中的每一个,UL HARQ过程映射为相同。
摘要:
The present invention relates to an electrochemical device. The device features an anode constructed of materials such that the device can be chemically recharged. In addition, the device is capable of switching between operating as a fuel cell or as a battery. The switch can occur without cessation of electrical output. In certain aspects of the invention, the device is capable of operating at a temperature of less than 1000° C. Other aspects feature a liquid anode which allows higher output, dispersion of fuel and minimal stresses in an interface comprising the anode. Preferably the anode is a liquid at a temperature of less than 1000° C. The invention also relates to methods for energy conversion in which a continual electrical output can be produced in both the presence of fuel without anode consumption or the absence of fuel.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an electrochemical device. The device features an anode constructed of materials such that the device can be chemically recharged. In addition, the device is capable of switching between operating as a fuel cell or as a battery. The switch can occur without cessation of electrical output. In certain aspects of the invention, the device is capable of operating at a temperature of less than 1000° C. Other aspects feature a liquid anode which allows higher output, dispersion of fuel and minimal stresses in an interface comprising the anode. Preferably the anode is a liquid at a temperature of less than 1000° C. The invention also relates to methods for energy conversion in which a continual electrical output can be produced in both the presence of fuel without anode consumption or the absence of fuel.
摘要:
Fuel oxidation facilitators for use in electrochemical devices are described, as well as devices incorporating facilitators and methods of their use. Exemplary facilitators separate a liquid anode of a fuel cell from fuel supplied to the fuel cell, and facilitate oxidation of the fuel.
摘要:
Methods for depositing a material onto a substrate include the steps of: feeding a material solution including one or more precursor compounds, a solvent and a pH-modifying catalyst to an outlet to provide a stream of droplets of the material solution; generating an electric field to electrostatically attract the droplets from the outlet towards the substrate; and providing an increase in temperature between the outlet and the substrate.