Abstract:
A process for the production and recovery of benzene from pyrolysis naphtha produced by high-temperature cracking of ethane, propane, naphtha or gas oil to produce ethylene. The process comprises the steps of hydrogenating a selected cut of pyrolysis naphtha to saturate olefins, reforming the hydrocarbon product from the hydrogenation step to convert benzene precursors to aromatic compounds and partially crack the nonaromatic hydrocarbons present and thereafter hydrodealkylating the hydrocarbon product from the reforming step to convert the alkyl aromatics to benzene and further crack nonaromatic compounds including those boiling at about the benzene boiling point, so that benzene may then be separated from the hydrodealkylation effluent by conventional distillation.
Abstract:
A computerized control system for a plurality of mass spectrometers, wherein voltage ranges corresponding to predetermined ions are selected and programmed into the computer. Instead of the usual scan, the computer drives a power supply to move from range to range, and to vary the voltage incrementally within each range to accurately define the peaks of interest. The voltage delivered at the spectrometer is fed back to the computer to serve as a check on the power supply and the overall system.
Abstract:
A process for producing a finished lubricating oil with good low-temperature hazing properties from lubricating oil base stocks comprised substantially of components boiling above 800* F. and containing more than about 0.75 percent by weight sulfur by subjecting such base stock to hydrofinishing and then dewaxing the hydrofinished base stock.
Abstract:
In a process for the thermal hydrodealkylation of an alkyl aromatic, such as toluene, to produce benzene, a mixture of diphenyls and high-boiling polymers is separated as bottoms from the effluent of a primary hydrodealkylation zone. This mixture is mixed with recycle hydrogen and flash vaporized, the vapor comprising polyphenyls and hydrogen being passed to an auxiliary reactor wherein the polyphenyls are converted to benzene. The flash vaporization selectively rejects substantially all of the high-boiling polymer compounds which would otherwise tend to form coke in the auxiliary reactor.
Abstract:
A PROCESS IS DEFINED FOR THE PREPARATION OF CYCLIC ETHERS BY THE CONDENSATION OF PHENOLICS, SUCH AS PHENOL, WITH CERTAIN ALDEHYDES CONTAINING TERTIARY CARBON ATOMS, SUCH AS ISOBUTYRALDEHYDE, USING A STRONG ACID CATALYST, SUCH AS H2SO4. THE SINGLE RING PHENOLICS PRODUCE ALKYLATED COUMARAN TYPE CYCLIC ETHERS SUCH AS 2,2-DIMETHYL COUMARAN. THE TWO CONDENSED RING PHENOLICS, SUCH AS BETANAPHTHOL, PRODUCE THE ALKYLATED NAPHTHOFURAN TYPE CYCLIC ETHERS. BETA-NAPHTHOL IS UNIQUE IN ALSO PRODUCING 3,4,5,6DINAPHTHO-2-ISOPROPYLPYRAN, A COMPOSITION OF MATTER USEFUL AS AN ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT ABSORBER. THE AQUEOUS HYDROGEN HALIDES ARE UNIQUE IN PROMOTING THE SELECTIVE CONDENSATION OF META-CRESOL WITH ISOBUTYRALDEHYDE FROM ADMIXTURE WITH PARA-CRESOL TO ALLOW FOR THE SEPARATION AND RECOVERY OF SUBSTANTIALLY PURE PARA-CRESOL.
Abstract:
IN A PROCESS FOR THE THERMAL HYDRODEALKYLATION OF ALKYL AROMATIC COMPOUNDS, WHEREIN POLYPHENYL REACTANTS ARE SUBJECTED TO CONVERSION TO BENZENE IN AN AUXILIARY REACTION ZONE, HYDROGENATION OF THE EFFLUENTS OF THE PRIMARY AND AUXILIARY REACTION ZONES RESULTS IN PROLONGED COKE-FREE OPERATION.
Abstract:
WEEDS ARE COMBATED BY HERBICIDALLY EFFECTIVE AMOUNTS OF ISOMERIC NITROPHENYLACETIC ACIDS ANDWITH PRE-EMERGENT CONTROL, IN PARTICULAR, OBTAINED BY USE OF 2-NITROPHENYLACETIC ACID AMIDES AND ESTERS THEREOF.
Abstract:
IN THE POLYMERIZATION OF ETHYLENE TO ALPHA OLEFINS WITH A CATALYST COMPRISING TRIETHYLALUMINUM AND NICKEL THE PRESENCE OF DIPHENYL ETHER IS KNOWN TO INHIBIT PRODUCTION OF ALPHA OLEFINS OF CHAIN LENGTH REQUIRED FOR SYNTHESIS OF BIODEGRADABLE DETERGENTS. HOWEVER, WHEN ETHYLENE IS TELOMERIZED WITH A CATALYST COMPRISING ALKYL ALUMINUM SESQUICHLORIDE AND TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE THE PRESENCE OF DIPHENYL ETHER IS SHOWN TO HAVE AN OPPOSITE EFFECT WHEREBY THE PRODUCTION OF ALKYL GROUPS OF CHAIN LENGTH REQUIRED FOR SYNTHESIS OF BIODEGRADABLE DETERGENTS IS INCREASED.
Abstract:
A flat spray nozzle utilizing two flows, which may be of two different fuels, or of a fuel and air, and one or both of which may be pressurized. The nozzle includes a front end nosepiece which creates a region of low pressure in its exit orifice, and the exit end of the liquid fuel supply is located at that lowpressure region to thereby cause aspiration of the fuel into the gas as it exits from the nozzle in a flat, fan-shaped spray.
Abstract:
B-DIKETONATOBIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL)VANADIUM NITRATES AND PERCHLORATES AND B-DIKETONATOBIS (C1-C4 ALKYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)VANADIUM NITRATES AND PERCHLORATES ARE DISCLOSED AS NEW COMPOUNDS USEFUL IN MODIFYING THE POLYMERIZATION OF AN OLEFIN SUCH AS STYRENE. EXAMPLES SHOW THAT POLYMERIZATION OF STYRENE IS ACCELERATED BY ACETYLACETONATOBIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL)VANADIUM NITRATE; ACETYLACETONATOBIS(METHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)VANADIUM PERCHLORATE; 6METHYL-2,4-HEPTANEDIONATOBIS(METHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL) VANADIUM NITRATE; AND 1,3-DIPHENY1-1,3-PROPANEDIONATOBIS (CYCLOPENTADIENYL)VANADIUM PERCHLORATE. POLYNMERIZATION OF STYRENE IS INHIBITED BY 3,5-HEPTANEDIONATOBIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL)VANADIUM PERCHLORATE.