Abstract:
The method of converting coal to pipeline quality gas comprising introducing coal particles of a size of about 4 microns into a reactor, rapidly heating the interior, such as by an external heat source to cause thermal comminution and devolatilization, the products of fractionation being immediately reacted with hydrogen. A portion or all of the excess submicron coal particles are gasified in a separate gasifier to produce a synthesis gas.
Abstract:
An updraft gasifier including a reactor chamber, the chamber adapted to receive an amount of biomass fuel, one or more reaction gas input means, the base portion located below and fluidly connected to the receiving portion of the reactor chamber, a hollow feed tube extending into the receiving portion of the chamber to terminate at a feed tube terminus within the receiving portion of the chamber, one or more product gas output means located at or near the top of the receiving portion of the reactor chamber; and wherein the gasifier further includes a biomass distribution member within the receiving chamber, the biomass distribution member positioned to enable a portion of the distribution member to be moveable beneath the feed tube terminus.
Abstract:
A method and system for converting an aqueous salt containing sludge into gases and a solid residue is described. The sludge is pyrolyzed and gasified with the assistance of microwave radiation.
Abstract:
A continuous converter for pyrolyzing or otherwise processing biomass or other solid organic feed materials includes a reaction chamber (5) for producing a solid carbon-containing product and a gas product and optionally a liquid water product via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms from a solid organic feed material. The chamber has an inlet (41) for supplying a solid organic feed material to the chamber and separate outlets (15, 35) for the solid carbon-containing product and the gas product produced in the reaction chamber. The inlet and the solid carbon-containing product outlet are configured so that the solid materials in the inlet and in the outlet form respective gas seals in the inlet and the outlet.
Abstract:
A method is described for processing biomass using a series of mechanisms that operate in unison to maintain solids flow through small gasifiers that are otherwise prone to blockage. An automated system that implements these methods is also disclosed.
Abstract:
This invention pertains to the non-catalytic oxygenated steam reforming of organic matter to produce a gas mixture rich in hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The reforming gas is used for production of methane, methanol, dimethyl ether, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other compounds via downstream processing catalytic gas-phase processes and electrolysis. The reforming gas may also be combusted directly for electricity generation.
Abstract:
Embodiments described herein generally relate to a composite carbonate utilized as a catalyst in coal gasification processes. Methods described herein also include suitable processing conditions for performing coal gasification with the composite catalyst. In certain embodiments the composite catalyst may comprise an alkali carbonate and a transition metal carbonate, for example, an FeCO3—Na2CO3 catalyst. An FeCO3—Na2CO3 catalyst, compared to raw coal, may increase the carbon conversion rate by about two times within the 700° C-800° C. range due to its ability to reduce the activation energy of gasification by about 30-40%. Compared to pure sodium and pure iron catalysts, the composite catalyst may increase the yields of desired products H2 and CO at 800° C. by 14.8% and 40.2%, respectively.
Abstract translation:本文所述的实施方案通常涉及用作煤气化过程中的催化剂的复合碳酸盐。 本文所述的方法还包括用复合催化剂进行煤气化的合适的加工条件。 在某些实施方案中,复合催化剂可以包含碱金属碳酸盐和过渡金属碳酸盐,例如FeCO 3 - Na 2 CO 3催化剂。 与原煤相比,FeCO3-Na2CO3催化剂可以在700°C-800°C范围内将碳转化率提高约两倍,这是由于其将气化活化能降低约30-40%的能力。 与纯钠和纯铁催化剂相比,复合催化剂可以将所需产物的H 2和CO在800℃下的产率分别提高14.8%和40.2%。
Abstract:
The invention relates to an integrated method of in-situ oxygen production, chemical looping combustion and gasification of liquid, solid or gaseous fuels allowing combustion of coal, petroleum coke and/or liquid hydrocarbons and notably heavy and/or extra heavy or bituminous residues for production of synthesis gas under pressure and/or energy.