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1.发明授权Optical transmission systems including optical protection systems, apparatuses and methods 有权光传输系统，包括光保护系统，设备和方法公开(公告)号：US07483629B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-27
申请号：US11728847
申请日：2007-03-26
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0062 , H04J14/0227 , H04J14/0238 , H04J14/0241 , H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0284 , H04J14/0294 , H04J14/0295 , H04J14/0297 , H04Q2011/0081
摘要： Optical transmission systems of the present invention include optical protection systems, apparatuses, and methods that provide increased reliability in the system. The optical system generally includes an optical switch having distinct, cooperating dedicated and shared protection sections. The shared protection sections in a plurality of nodes can be configured to provide a protection net, in which a plurality of traffic demands, or working channels, are commonly protected as protection group using one protection channels supported by the protection net.
摘要翻译： 本发明的光传输系统包括在系统中提供增加的可靠性的光学保护系统，装置和方法。 光学系统通常包括具有不同的，协作的专用和共享保护部分的光学开关。 多个节点中的共享保护部分可以被配置为提供保护网，其中多个业务需求或工作信道被共同保护为使用由保护网支持的一个保护信道的保护组。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5627925A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-06
申请号：US418335
申请日：1995-04-07
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0009 , H04Q2011/0011 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/0052
摘要： Wavelength division multiplexing, spatial switching cross-connect structures which may be deployed as intermediate nodes of an all optical network to route any input channel on any source fiber to any destination fiber at any available wavelength to achieve full connectivity between the nodes of the network. The non-blocking cross-connect structure comprises a wavelength division demultiplexer for receiving multiple wavelength channels from each source fiber and for separating received channels into N wavelengths so that the wavelengths are organized according to a corresponding fiber of origin, a nonblocking optical structure for spatially and independently rearranging the received wavelengths so that wavelengths having a common destination fiber are grouped together, and a wavelength division multiplexer for multiplexing together wavelengths having the same destination fiber.
摘要翻译： 波分复用，空间交换交叉连接结构，其可以部署为全光网络的中间节点，以将任何源光纤上的任何输入信道路由到任何可用波长的任何目的地光纤，以实现网络节点之间的完全连接。 非阻塞交叉连接结构包括用于从每个源光纤接收多个波长信道并用于将接收信道分离为N个波长的波分解复用器，使得根据相应的原始光纤来组织波长，用于空间上的非阻塞光学结构 并且独立地重新布置所接收的波长，使得具有公共目的地光纤的波长被分组在一起;以及波分多路复用器，用于将具有相同目的地光纤的波长复用在一起。
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公开(公告)号：US4591803A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US614527
申请日：1984-05-29
申请人： Adel A. M. Saleh
发明人： Adel A. M. Saleh
CPC分类号： H03F3/601
摘要： The present invention relates to an FET power amplifier whose transfer characteristics are parabolic or have a pronounced parabolic region. The amplifier is capable of linear operation due to a drain electrode bias network which includes a pair of serially connected quarter-wave transmission line sections connected at one end thereof to the drain electrode, and the interconnection point of the two quarter-wave transmission line sections is connected to both (a) a bias supply which causes the FET to operate over at least a portion of the parabolic region and (b) to a means which prevents envelope-induced drain bias voltage variations and presents a short-circuit to the drain terminal at a second harmonic of the input signal.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种FET功率放大器，其传输特性为抛物面或具有明显的抛物线区域。 放大器能够由于漏电极偏压网络而线性运行，该漏电极偏压网络包括一对串联连接的四分之一波长的传输线部分，其一端连接到漏电极，并且两个四分之一波长的传输线部分的互连点 连接到（a）偏置电源，其使FET在抛物面区域的至少一部分上操作，以及（b）防止包络引起的漏极偏置电压变化并且向漏极施加短路的装置 端子处于输入信号的二次谐波处。
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公开(公告)号：US4462004A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-24
申请号：US359220
申请日：1982-03-18
申请人： Donald C. Cox , Adel A. M. Saleh
发明人： Donald C. Cox , Adel A. M. Saleh
CPC分类号： H03F1/0266 , H03F1/0261 , H03F2200/102 , H03F2200/18 , H03F2200/192
摘要： The present invention relates to a linear, class A FET amplifier circuit capable of providing linear amplifier of input signals with a time-varying envelope function. An envelope detector (12) is responsive to an input signal (v.sub.i (t)) for extracting the envelope signal (V.sub.i (t)) therefrom. A gate controller (16) subsequently adds the envelope signal to a predetermined gate bias voltage (E.sub.G) and applies the sum (E.sub.G (t)) as the "d-c" gate input to the FET amplifier (14). Therefore, the gate bias voltage is dynamically controlled by the envelope of the input signal, resulting in a significant improvement in the power-added efficiency (.eta..sub.added) over prior art class A FET amplifiers.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及能够提供具有时变包络函数的输入信号的线性放大器的线性A类FET放大器电路。 包络检测器（12）对输入信号（vi（t））作出响应，以从中提取包络信号（Vi（t））。 门控制器（16）随后将包络信号添加到预定的栅极偏置电压（EG），并将和（EG（t））作为“d-c”门输入施加到FET放大器（14）。 因此，栅极偏置电压由输入信号的包络动态地控制，导致与现有技术的A类FET放大器相比，功率附加效率（eta）的显着改善。
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5.发明授权Free-space micro-mirror wavelength add/drop multiplexers with full connectivity for two-fiber ring networks 有权自由空间微镜波长分插复用器，具有完全连接的双光纤环网公开(公告)号：US06289148B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-11
申请号：US09460822
申请日：1999-12-14
申请人： Lih Y. Lin , Adel A. M. Saleh
发明人： Lih Y. Lin , Adel A. M. Saleh
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , G02B6/29367 , G02B6/29383 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/356 , H04J14/0206 , H04J14/0212 , H04J14/0213 , H04J14/0283 , H04J14/0295 , H04Q2011/0016 , H04Q2011/0024 , H04Q2011/003 , H04Q2011/0032 , H04Q2011/0081 , H04Q2011/0094
摘要： The present invention provides a device for performing wavelength add/drop multiplexing utilizing micromachined free-rotating switch mirrors. The free-space nature of the switch mirrors allow use of the front and back sides of the mirrors for reflecting signals. According to one embodiment of the present invention a WADM is provided in which micromachined switch mirrors are arranged in a polygonal (e.g., hexagonal) geometry, which allows full connectivity. According to one embodiment a WADM is provided for deployment in a unidirectional two-fiber optical network including service and protection fiber routes. According to this embodiment the WADM includes a first input port for receiving a WDM signal from the service fiber route and a second input port for receiving a WDM signal from the protection fiber route. The WADM also includes a first output port for transmitting a WDM signal to the service fiber route, a second output port for transmitting a WDM signal to the protection fiber route, a third input port for receiving locals signals from a local access port and a third output port for dropping signals to a local access port. The WADM further includes a reconfigurable switching matrix comprising a plurality of free-space micromirrors, for performing routing of signals from the various input ports to the various output ports. According to an alternative embodiment a WADM is provided for deployment in a bidirectional two-fiber optical network including two service/protection routes.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种利用微加工自由旋转开关镜进行波长分插复用的装置。 开关镜的自由空间性质允许使用反射镜的前侧和后侧反射信号。 根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种WADM，其中微机械加工的开关镜以多边形（例如，六边形）几何形状布置，这允许完全连接。根据一个实施例，提供WADM用于部署在单向双纤 光网络包括业务和保护光纤路由。 根据本实施例，WADM包括用于从业务光纤路由接收WDM信号的第一输入端口和用于从保护光纤路径接收WDM信号的第二输入端口。 WADM还包括用于向服务光纤路由发送WDM信号的第一输出端口，用于向保护光纤路由发送WDM信号的第二输出端口，用于从本地接入端口接收本地信号的第三输入端口和第三输入端口 输出端口用于将信号丢弃到本地接入端口.WADM还包括可重配置交换矩阵，其包括多个自由空间微镜，用于执行信号从各种输入端口到各种输出端口的路由。根据替代实施例 WADM用于部署在双向双光纤网络中，包括两条业务/保护路由。
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公开(公告)号：US5023947A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-11
申请号：US430041
申请日：1989-11-01
CPC分类号： G02B6/4215 , H04B10/25133 , G02B6/29358 , G02B6/29394
摘要： An optical equalization receiver for countering the effects of delay distortion is realized by utilizing dynamically controllable Fabry-Perot etalon structures. By dynamically adjusting the frequency response of an etalon that is in a feedback loop configuration, the associated delay characteristic of the etalon may be used to counter the effects of delay distortion, thereby allowing higher transmission rates and transmission distances to be achieved. In one exemplary embodiment, an optical receiver comprising a reflective Fabry-Perot etalon and a piezoelectric transducer is used in a feedback loop configuration wherein a feedback control circuit monitors an output signal from the etalon for generating a control signal representing the amount of delay needed to compensate for distortion in an optical signal incident on the etalon. Specifically, the control signal causes a change in the optical path length of the etalon that results in a shift in its frequency response for producing a delay substantially equal and opposite to the associated delay distortion.
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公开(公告)号：US4842368A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US85924
申请日：1987-08-17
申请人： Thomas E. Darcie , Adel A. M. Saleh
发明人： Thomas E. Darcie , Adel A. M. Saleh
CPC分类号： G02F1/313 , G02B6/2804 , G02B6/2821
摘要： The present invention relates to a N.times.N single-mode optical coupler employing evanescent wave coupling between mutually adjacent optical waveguides sufficiently close to one another to facilitate coupling among all the waveguides. An optical signal of a narrow frequency band, e.g. appreciably less than 100 gigahertz, introduced to an input port of one of the waveguides is found to be nonuniformly distributed among the output ports of the coupler. A first embodiment uses the nonuniform distributions of narrowband optical signals to the output ports of the coupler to enable the present invention to be used as essentially a selective switching device. A second embodiment introduces one or more predetermined broadband optical signals to one or more input ports of the coupler to produce an appreciably uniform power distribution among the output ports of the coupler. A third embodiment uses electrooptic or magnetooptic waveguides and the application of a high-frequency, continuously changing magnitude, oscillatory electric or magnetic field, respectively, throughout the coupling region of the waveguides to produce a substantially uniform power distribution among the output ports of the coupler for a narrowband optical signal applied to an input port of the coupler.
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8.发明授权Techniques for cross-polarization cancellation in a space diversity radio system 失效在空间分集无线电系统中用于交叉偏振消除的技术
公开(公告)号：US4723321A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-02
申请号：US928186
申请日：1986-11-07
申请人： Adel A. M. Saleh
发明人： Adel A. M. Saleh
摘要： The present invention relates to a technique for achieving cross-polarization interference (CPI) cancellation with or without equalization in a digital-radio, space-diversity communication system. More particularly, a present receiver includes a pair of spaced-apart diversity antennas, where each antenna is capable of receiving orthogonally polarized signals, e.g., Vertical and Horizontal polarizations, from a remote transmitter. The received orthogonally polarized signals from each antenna are separated and coupled to separate inputs of a separate cross-polarization canceler, where each canceler includes two straight-through and two cross-over paths including a separate complex gain multiplier disposed in each path. The correspondingly orthogonally polarized output signals from each of the cancelers are added to produce a first and a second orthogonally polarized overall canceler arrangement output signal. Power measurements are taken of the two overall output signals during predetermined periods of time to produce control signals in a Control and Dither means for appropriately adjusting the complex gain multipliers in each canceler and substantially cancel CPI while providing equalization where desired. Additionally, control signals can also be generated for transmission back to the remote transmitter for appropriately adjusting a canceler therein when CPI cancellation including a second order in frequency is desired.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种在数字无线电，空间分集通信系统中实现具有或不具有均衡的交叉极化干扰（CPI）消除的技术。 更具体地，本接收机包括一对间隔开的分集天线，其中每个天线能够从远程发射机接收正交偏振信号，例如垂直和水平偏振。 来自每个天线的接收的正交极化信号被分离并耦合到单独的交叉偏振消除器的分离输入，其中每个消除器包括两个直通和两个交叉路径，包括设置在每个路径中的单独的复数增益乘法器。 来自每个取消器的相应的正交极化输出信号相加以产生第一和第二正交极化的整体消除器布置输出信号。 在预定时间段期间对两个总输出信号进行功率测量，以在控制和抖动装置中产生控制信号，以适当地调整每个消除器中的复数增益乘法器并且在需要时提供均衡的同时基本上消除CPI。 此外，也可以生成控制信号以便传输回到远程发射机，以在需要包括频率的二阶的CPI消除时适当地调整其中的消除器。
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公开(公告)号：US4315222A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-09
申请号：US127785
申请日：1980-03-06
申请人： Adel A. M. Saleh
发明人： Adel A. M. Saleh
摘要： The present invention relates to an N-way non-hybrid power combiner arrangement for microwave amplifiers. In operation, sensing means (19.sub.1, 19.sub.2, . . . , 19.sub.N) are coupled in a one-to-one relationship with the individual amplifiers (12.sub.1, 12.sub.2, . . . , 12.sub.N) to monitor amplifier performance and sense amplifier failure. In one embodiment of the present invention, shorting devices (20.sub.1, 20.sub.2, . . . , 20.sub.N) are disposed adjacent to the outputs of the individual amplifiers and coupled to the associated sensing means in a one-to-one relationship. In an alternative embodiment, open-circuiting devices (30.sub.1, 30.sub.2, . . . , 30.sub.N) are disposed at a predetermined distance from the amplifier outputs along the transmission lines (24.sub.1, 24.sub.2, . . . , 24.sub.N) and coupled to their respective sensing means. Upon identifying amplifier failure, the sensing means coupled to that particular amplifier activates either its associated short-circuiting or open-circuiting device, which in turn uncouples the failed amplifier and the transmission line associated therewith.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于微波放大器的N路非混合功率组合器装置。 在操作中，感测装置（191,192，...，19N）与各个放大器（121,122，...，12N）以一一对应的关系耦合，以监视放大器性能和感测放大器故障。 在本发明的一个实施例中，短路装置（201,202，...，20N）被布置成与各个放大器的输出相邻并且以一对一关系耦合到相关联的感测装置。 在替代实施例中，开路装置（301,302，...，30N）沿着传输线（241,242 ... ...，24N）与放大器输出端预定距离设置并耦合到它们各自的 感测装置。 在识别放大器故障时，耦合到该特定放大器的感测装置激活其相关联的短路或开路装置，其反过来将失效的放大器和与其相关联的传输线断开连接。
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公开(公告)号：US5187610A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US810273
申请日：1991-12-19
IPC分类号： G02F1/35 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/10 , H01S3/23 , H04B10/16 , H04B10/17
CPC分类号： H01S3/06754 , H01S3/06758 , H01S2301/02
摘要： In an optical arrangement for amplifying an input lightwave signal by a predetermined amount to a desired output level, an optical amplifier is connected to a loss element. The optical amplifier is pumped by an amount exceeding a nominal amount wherein the nominal amount is the amount of pumping needed to attain the desired output level at the optical amplifier output. By attenuating the signal output from the optical amplifier, the loss element generates an output signal from the optical arrangement at the desired output level. This optical arrangement is characterized by an improved noise performance (noise figure) over standard optical amplifiers.
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