摘要:
A method for the generation of a set of conflicts for model-based system diagnostics is described, with which system a plurality of sensors is associated for the observation of variables indicative of operation conditions.The method starts from generating a complete set of Analytical Redundancy Relations (ARRs) in implicit form and, for each diagnosis instance: it performs a system simulation, computing the expected values for a first subset of Analytical Redundancy Relations (D-ARRs) including the relations involving only one system observation variable; it compares the expected and observed values of the system observation variables to identify the inconsistent variables, i.e. the unsatisfied redundancy relations, indicating a fault in at least one system component; and, when discrepancies are detected, it checks the consistency of each relation belonging to a second subset of Analytical Redundancy Relations (I-ARR), comprising relations involving a plurality of system observation variables, at least one of which exhibits discrepancies between expected and observed values; therefore identifying the support set of the unsatisfied Redundancy Relations as set of system conflicts.
摘要:
A method of stereoselectively making an aminocyclohexyl ether comprises, for example, reacting to form the aminocyclohexyl ether having the formula respectively, wherein independently at each occurrence, R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, C1-C8alkyl, C3-C8alkoxyalkyl, C1-C8hydroxyalkyl, or C7-C12aralkyl; or R1 and R2 are independently C3-C8alkoxyalkyl, C1-C8hydroxyalkyl, and C7-C12aralkyl; or R1 and R2, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (57) or (75), form a ring denoted by formula (I): wherein the ring of formula (I) is formed from the nitrogen as shown as well as three to nine additional ring atoms independently carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; where any two adjacent ring atoms may be joined together by single or double bonds, and where any one or more of the additional carbon ring atoms may be substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3hydroxyalkyl, oxo, C2-C4acyl, C1-C3alkyl, C2-C4alkylcarboxy, C1-C3alkoxy, and C1-C20alkanoyloxy, or may be substituted to form a spiro five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or two oxygen and/or sulfur heteroatoms; or any two adjacent additional carbon ring atoms may be fused to a C3-C8carbocyclic ring, and any one or more of the additional nitrogen ring atoms may be substituted with substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C2-C4acyl, C2-C4hydroxyalkyl and C3-C8alkoxyalkyl; or R1 and R2, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (I), may form a bicyclic ring system selected from the group consisting of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonan-3-yl, 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl, 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl, and 3-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-3-yl; and wherein R3, R4 and R5 are independently bromine, chlorine, fluorine, carboxy, hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methanesulfonamido, nitro, cyano, sulfamyl, trifluoromethyl, C2-C7alkanoyloxy, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6alkoxy, C2-C7alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6thioalkyl, aryl or N(R6,R7) where R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen, acetyl, methanesulfonyl or C1-C6alkyl; or R3, R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy or C1-C6alkoxy; with the proviso that R3, R4 and R5 cannot all be hydrogen; and wherein O-J is a leaving group. Methods of making intermediates are also disclosed.
摘要:
Catalyst compositions useful for the polymerization or oligomerization of olefins are disclosed. Certain of the catalyst compositions comprise N-pyrrolyl substituted nitrogen donors. Also disclosed are processes for the polymerization or oligomerization of olefins using the catalyst compositions.
摘要:
An improved gel-type fuel comprising three essential ingredients, namely, ethanol from renewable sources e.g. sugar cane, sugar beet, etc. water and a cellulose based gelling agent also from renewable sources. By varying the viscosity of the fuel with differing percentage of said gelling agent, three distinctly functioning fuels are produced as a gel, a pourable refilling fuel and a less viscous fire lighting fuel.
摘要:
An improved gel-type fuel comprising three essential ingredients, namely, ethanol from renewable sources e.g. sugar cane, sugar beet, etc. water and a cellulose based gelling agent also from renewable sources. By varying the viscosity of the fuel with differing percentage of said gelling agent, three distinctly functioning fuels are produced as a gel, a pourable refilling fuel and a less viscous fire lighting fuel.
摘要:
Aminocyclohexyl ether compounds are disclosed. The compounds of the present invention may be incorporated in compositions and kits. The present invention also discloses uses for the compounds and compositions, including the treatment of arrhythmia.
摘要:
Catalyst compositions useful for the polymerization or oligomerization of olefins are disclosed. Certain of the catalyst compositions comprise N-pyrrolyl substituted nitrogen donors. Also disclosed are processes for the polymerization or oligomerization of olefins using the catalyst compositions.
摘要:
A method of stereoselectively making an aminocyclohexyl ether comprises, for example, reacting to form the aminocyclohexyl ether having the formula respectively, wherein independently at each occurrence, R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, C1-C8alkyl, C3-C8alkoxyalkyl, C1-C8hydroxyalkyl, or C7-C12aralkyl; or R1 and R2 are independently C3-C8alkoxyalkyl, C1-C8hydroxyalkyl, and C7-C12aralkyl; or R1 and R2, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (57) or (75), form a ring denoted by formula (I): wherein the ring of formula (I) is formed from the nitrogen as shown as well as three to nine additional ring atoms independently carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; where any two adjacent ring atoms may be joined together by single or double bonds, and where any one or more of the additional carbon ring atoms may be substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C3hydroxyalkyl, oxo, C2-C4acyl, C1-C3alkyl, C2-C4alkylcarboxy, C1-C3alkoxy, and C1-C20alkanoyloxy, or may be substituted to form a spiro five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring containing one or two oxygen and/or sulfur heteroatoms; or any two adjacent additional carbon ring atoms may be fused to a C3-C8carbocyclic ring, and any one or more of the additional nitrogen ring atoms may be substituted with substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl, C2-C4acyl, C2-C4hydroxyalkyl and C3-C8alkoxyalkyl; or R1 and R2, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are directly attached in formula (I), may form a bicyclic ring system selected from the group consisting of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonan-3-yl, 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl, 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl, and 3-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-3-yl; and wherein R3, R4 and R5 are independently bromine, chlorine, fluorine, carboxy, hydrogen, hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methanesulfonamido, nitro, cyano, sulfamyl, trifluoromethyl, C2-C7alkanoyloxy, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6alkoxy, C2-C7alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6thioalkyl, aryl or N(R6,R7) where R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen, acetyl, methanesulfonyl or C1-C6alkyl; or R3, R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy or C1-C6alkoxy; with the proviso that R3, R4 and R5 cannot all be hydrogen; and wherein O-J is a leaving group. Methods of making intermediates are also disclosed.
摘要:
3-Amino-prop-1-enes substituted in the 1-position by various specified combinations of phenyl, biphenylyl and fluorenyl groups and optionally substituted in the amino group by alkyl or benzyl groups, which have been found to be active against infections of Trypanosoma cruzi. Methods of making such compounds and pharmaceutical formulations containing the same.