摘要:
An optical filter including at least one multiport optical coupler formed on a gallium arsenide substrate, one connection port of the at least one multiport optical coupler receiving an input optical signal, and another connection port of the at least one multiport optical coupler outputting a filtered optical signal and at least one electrically tunable optical resonator, formed on the gallium arsenide substrate and connected to at least one of the at least multiport optical coupler.
摘要:
A method for providing spectral and temporal stealthy information transmitted over an optical communication channel, according to which, at the transmitting side, the power spectral density of a pulse sequence bearing the information is reduced by encrypting the temporal phase of the pulse sequence. The power of the pulse sequence is spread in the frequency domain, to be below the noise level, by sampling the pulse sequence. Spectral phase encoding is used to temporally spread the pulse sequence and to prevent coherent addition of its spectral replicas in frequency domain. The resulting signal, encrypted both in time and frequency domains, is then transmitted. Spectral phase decoding is performed at the receiving side by performing coherent detection and folding all the spectral replicas of the transmitted signal to the baseband by means of sampling. The temporal phase of the signal is decrypted and the information which is delivered by the pulse sequence is decoded.
摘要:
Method and system for optimally equalizing distortion of an optical data channel carrying coherent optical signals with a given analog bandwidth B. A receiving end with IQ paths receives signals and a balanced detector detects signals in each path. The bandwidth of the detected signals is reduced by a factor of N by filtering the output of each path using an AAF with a cutoff frequency optimized to the analog bandwidth 2B/N of each path, where the AAF has deterministic attributes and introducing Known ISI. The signal is sampled at the AAF output by an ADC, at a sampling rate of 2B/N. The samples of each path are post-processed by a digital processor operating at a data rate of 2B/N, where post-processing represents the compensation of the distortion and the input data stream is reconstructed by optimally decoding the output of the processor using a decoder, which compensates the ISI.
摘要:
A new method and system for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) transmission, in which channel selection and rejection are based on dynamic self-heterodyne filtering using differential time delays applied to the data-modulated signals to code and decode the transmissions in each channel. Mach-Zender Interferometers having characteristic delays between their arms are a simple way of performing this coding and decoding. The technique enables the use of narrow linewidth sources and low spectrum spreading. Consequently this technique can be used in next-generation all-optical dynamic networks allowing bandwidth sharing on the one hand, while at the same time eliminating the need for network management and optical switching. Preliminary theoretical calculations predict the system support of up to 15 channels at a data rate of 1 GHz.
摘要:
A high resolution measurement method and apparatus for tracking wavelength transients in tunable lasers. The apparatus comprises a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) which is used to generate a self-heterodyne signal between the wavelength transient to be measured, which is effectively the laser signal passed along the time-delayed arm of the MZI, and the laser wavelength after the tuning transient has subsided, which is effectively the same laser signal passed along the direct arm of the MZI. The heterodyne signal is detected on a receiver, and can then be measured with the frequency resolution typical of electronic measurements, such as by means of an oscilloscope. The only laser required is the laser under inspection. The wavelength measurement accuracy is up to twice the laser linewidth, and is only effectively limited by the laser phase noise. The method can be used to implement an automatic frequency control system for tunable lasers.
摘要:
Among the techniques described herein is a method that includes obtaining data indicating electrocardiogram results from a human. A plurality of beats represented in the electrocardiogram results can be identified. For each beat in the plurality of beats represented in the electrocardiogram results, a value for a first feature of the beat can be determined. Statistical analysis can be performed on the values for the first feature of the plurality of beats. An indication of the level of the analyte within the human can be generated based on a result of the statistical analysis performed on the values for the first feature of the plurality of beats. The indication of the level of the analyte within the human can be provided.
摘要:
Method and system for optimally equalizing distortion of an optical data channel carrying coherent optical signals with a given analog bandwidth B. A receiving end with IQ paths receives signals and a balanced detector detects signals in each path. The bandwidth of the detected signals is reduced by a factor of N by filtering the output of each path using an AAF with a cutoff frequency optimized to the analog bandwidth 2B/N of each path, where the AAF has deterministic attributes and introducing Known ISI. The signal is sampled at the AAF output by an ADC, at a sampling rate of 2B/N. The samples of each path are post-processed by a digital processor operating at a data rate of 2B/N, where post-processing represents the compensation of the distortion and the input data stream is reconstructed by optimally decoding the output of the processor using a decoder, which compensates the ISI.
摘要:
This document describes, among other things, a computer-implemented method that includes accessing, by a computer system, electrogram data for a patient, wherein the electrogram data is obtained using one or more leads that sense physiological electrical activity of the patient. The computer system can identify one or more waveform features from the electrogram data, and one or more correlations between values of the one or more waveform features and analyte levels. One or more estimated analyte levels in the patient are determined based on 1) the one or more waveform features identified from the electrogram data and 2) the one or more correlations. The computer system can output information related to the one or more estimated analyte levels.
摘要:
System and method for compensating distortions introduced by an optical channel and by at least one directly modulated transmitting laser that transmits a modulated optical signal that carries data to a receiving end over the optical channel. At the receiving end, the transmitted signal is received by a coherent receiver that processes the received signal by compensating the distortions introduced by the optical channel by applying, on the received signal, an operator being capable of essentially compensating for all fiber distortions in the optical channel; compensating the non-linear phase distortions and/or statistical phase distortions introduced by the directly modulated transmitting laser by applying, on the processed signal obtained after compensating the fiber distortion, a non-linear operator being the extraction of the absolute value of the compensated signal; and extracting the data carried by the processed signal, from the absolute value of the processed signal obtained after compensating the non-linear phase distortions and/or statistical phase distortions, thereby demodulating the processed signal.
摘要:
Method for efficiently increasing the capacity of an optical channel which can operate in a given data rate B, by generating N modulated data streams with a bit rate of B/N and a bit-time of N/B at the transmission end, to be simultaneously transmitted from a transmission end to a receiving end of the channel. A shift of 1/B*N between the first modulated data stream and each of its N−1 subsequent modulated data streams is generated using time delay or phase shifting and then the first modulated data stream and its shifted subsequent modulated data streams are combined into a composite multilevel signal with up to N levels and the composite multilevel signal is transmitted to a receiving end of the channel. At the receiving end, the composite multilevel signal is sampled N times during each bit-time, in order to obtain a vector with N elements at each time, such that each element has N+1 possible values and corresponds to the order of a sample. Each of the N modulated data streams are reconstructed by vectorial MLSE, preformed for each element by calculating the joint conditional PDF.