摘要:
The present invention is a reliable data link layer protocol to transport ATM cells over a wireless point-to-point link. The protocol ensures that the cells are transported reliably by use of a sliding window transport mechanism with selective repeat automatic repeat request (ARQ) and forward error correction (FEC). The protocol minimizes ATM header overhead by means of header compression and provides per-cell FEC whose size can be changed adaptively. The protocol also provides parity cells for recovery from errors that cannot be corrected using the per-cell FEC field. The number of these cells as well as the size of a window or frame can also be adaptively changed. In addition, the window can be terminated to request an immediate acknowledgment.
摘要:
Ghosts are canceled in received analog TV (for IDTV, EDTV, and HDTV) signals by utilizing the fact that there are short periods of time without the analog signals (the horizontal flyback interval between the lines) to process the received signal on a line-to-line basis using a finite impulse response (FIR) or an infinite impulse response (IIR) equalizer. This line-by-line processing (which can be implemented by periodic cleansing of the equalizer) overcomes the limitations of standard equalizers to allow for 40-50 dB of suppression of ghosts, even with nulls in the spectrum, as long as the ghost delay is less than the period of time without the analog signal. Furthermore, by using time inversion in combination with line-by-line processing, the stability problem of the conventional IIR equalizer is eliminated. The IIR equalizer may be implemented on a single digital integrated circuit. Alternatively, an FIR equalizer can be used which, although it may require multiple chips (i.e., more taps), can acquire and adapt to the ghosted channel more rapidly than an IIR equalizer. With line-by-line processing, FIR and IIR equalizers can eliminate any ghost with delays up to 11 .mu.sec in IDTV or EDTV. For larger delays, a standard IIR or FIR equalizer can be used as a preprocessor to eliminate small ghosts and an adaptive antenna can be used to eliminate large ghosts. Thus, with these techniques, the ghosting problem can be eliminated in all TV receivers.
摘要:
The MAC layer of a wireless communication standard is modified to facilitate MIMO (multiple input multiple output) processing and thereby increase capacity and/or spectral efficiency. In one implementation, the IEEE 802.11a standard is modified in this way. A contention free period (CFP) is divided between MIMO communications and non-MIMO communications. An access point may maintain a list of nodes operating in MIMO mode and nodes operating in non-MIMO mode.
摘要:
Systems and methods for retransmitting unsuccessfully transmitted data across a communication link. The retransmission mechanism may be applied to point to multipoint networks including wireless networks. Each packet is encapsulated in an ARQ frame and assigned a sequence number for the purpose of coordinating acknowledgments and retransmissions. Information as to which packets require retransmission is communicated in the form of a bitmap where each bit indicates an acknowledgment status for a given packet. Any missing packets in the received sequence are assumed to require retransmission.
摘要:
Methods for provisioning optical communications networks employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology provide for routing and wave-length assignment of a set of connection requests. Avoiding many of the pitfalls of exactly optimum solutions, the present heuristic methods provide much shorter execution times while providing near-optimum performance. Adaptations of the basic solutions provide design of restorable networks capable of handling a specified set of failures. This approach advantageously is based on considering all failures simultaneously, and performs better than solutions in which independent designs are developed for each failure. Networks designed using these methods store configuration information for primary network configurations and for one or more restoration networks. Upon startup or upon network failures, predetermined configuration directions are applied to wavelength selective cross-connects (WSXC) at each network node to establish (or reestablish) desired network node interconnections.
摘要:
A telecommunications system capable of transmitting an N byte packet over a common communications channel by: temporally dividing the common communications channel into time slots that have a duration equal to ##EQU1## seconds, where i is a natural number greater than one, C is a constant and R is the transmission rate of the common communications channel in bytes per second; splitting the N byte packet into i p-packets; preparing an M byte training sequence; and transmitting the M byte training sequence and the p-packets over the common communications channel in consecutive time slots.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for operating a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)-capable subscriber node are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a MIMO-capable physical layer transceiver and a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer block that measures a received transmission to determine channel conditions. Upon receiving a transmission wherein said channel conditions meet specified conditions, the MAC layer block requests an access point for permission to switch between a non-MIMO mode and a MIMO mode, and upon receiving permission, the MAC layer block switches between the non-MIMO mode and the MIMO mode. An apparatus for operating an access node is also disclosed.
摘要:
Systems and methods for improving throughput in point-to-point wireless communication links are provided. In one particular implementation, a media access control (MAC) layer of the IEEE 802.11 standard is enhanced for use in point-to-point links to take advantage of the limited number of nodes participating in the link. In one embodiment, a master/slave type protocol provides contention free operation between two wireless nodes. Multiple priority levels and voice traffic may be accommodated with guaranteed Quality of Service.
摘要:
A method, apparatus, and carrier medium for determining channel state information (CSI) in an OFDM radio receiver. The receiver is for receiving packets of OFDM data as a result of OFDM data being transmitted. The method includes forming an estimate of the channels of the subcarriers for received OFDM data to provide frequency responses of the channels of the subcarriers, and forming a measure of quality (“channel state information,” “CSI”) for the channels of the subcarriers based on the relative strength of the frequency responses. The forming of the CSI does not require estimating the relative amount of noise or interference in each channel. The formed CSI is used in demodulating and decoding received OFDM data.
摘要:
A navigation system for an automotive vehicle designed to display a road map image around the vehicle in correlation with the current position of the automotive vehicle. The navigation system is adapted to determine a best navigation route to a selected destination on the basis on the approximated time necessary to travel such a navigation route in correspondence to its travel length and speed rate.