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公开(公告)号：US20230203280A1
公开(公告)日：2023-06-29
申请号：US18089679
申请日：2022-12-28
发明人： Kimberly NELSON
CPC分类号： C08L1/02 , C08L23/12 , C08L2201/56 , C08L2205/03
摘要： The disclosed technology provides improved compositions and methods for dispersion and drying of nanocellulose, for polymer composites and other systems. Some variations provide a nanocellulose-dispersion concentrate comprising nanocellulose and a dispersion/drying agent selected for compatibility with the nanocellulose and with the nanocellulose-containing composite product, wherein the dispersion/drying agent is selected from the group consisting of waxes, polyolefins, olefin-maleic anhydride copolymers, olefin-acrylic acid copolymers, polyols, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, polyol-glyceride esters, polydimethylsiloxanes, polydimethylsiloxane-alkyl esters, polyacrylamides, starches, cellulose derivatives, particulates, and combinations or reaction products thereof, and wherein the nanocellulose-dispersion concentrate is in solid form (e.g., a powder) or liquid form. Other variations provide a nanocellulose-dispersion masterbatch (e.g., pellets) comprising the nanocellulose-dispersion concentrate and a carrier material. Other variations provide a nanocellulose-containing composite including the nanocellulose-dispersion masterbatch or concentrate and a matrix material. Processes of making and using the disclosed compositions are described.
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公开(公告)号：US11578247B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-14
申请号：US17160846
申请日：2021-01-28
IPC分类号： C09K8/00 , C09K8/035 , C08H8/00 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/90 , C08B37/00 , C04B28/02 , C08B15/00 , C09K8/62 , C04B103/44
摘要： A process is provided for producing a biomass-derived rheology modifier, comprising: providing a pretreated feedstock comprising cellulose-rich solids; refining the cellulose-rich solids in a first high-intensity refining unit, generating refined cellulose solids; gelling the refined cellulose solids in a second high-intensity refining unit, thereby generating gelled cellulose solids; and homogenizing the gelled cellulose solids in a high-shear homogenizer, thereby generating a biomass-derived rheology modifier. The pretreated feedstock may include kraft pulp, sulfite pulp, AVAP® pulp, soda pulp, mechanical pulp, thermomechanical pulp, and/or chemimechanical pulp, derived from wood or lignocellulosic biomass. The pretreated feedstock may be GP3+® pulp, obtained from steam or hot-water extraction of lignocellulosic biomass. These rheology modifiers may be utilized in a wide variety of applications, including water-based or oil-based hydraulic fracturing fluid formulations, as gelling agents. These rheology modifiers are biodegradable, and their production does not directly involve chemicals other than biomass and water.
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公开(公告)号：US11572418B2
公开(公告)日：2023-02-07
申请号：US17163768
申请日：2021-02-01
发明人： Theodora Retsina , Kimberly Nelson
摘要： A composition comprising nanocellulose is disclosed, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. The nanocellulose may be in the form of cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, or both. The nanocellulose is characterized by a crystallinity of at least 80%, an onset of thermal decomposition of 300° F. or higher, and a low light transmittance over the range 400-700 nm. Other variations provide a composition comprising lignin-coated hydrophobic nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. Some variations provide a composition comprising nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains about 0.1 wt % equivalent sulfur content, or less, as SO4 groups chemically or physically bound to the nanocellulose. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose contains essentially no hydrogen atoms (apart from hydrogen structurally contained in nanocellulose itself) bound to the nanocellulose. Various compositions, materials, and products may incorporate the nanocellulose compositions disclosed herein.
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公开(公告)号：US20220331432A1
公开(公告)日：2022-10-20
申请号：US17739376
申请日：2022-05-09
摘要： In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a microcrystalline cellulose material, comprising: fractionating lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; chemically and/or mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form microcrystalline cellulose having an average crystallinity of at least 60%; and recovering the microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient. The pharmaceutical excipient may function as an antiadherent, a binder, a coating, or a disintegrant. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical excipient further comprises a lignin-derived lubricant, glidant, sorbent, preservative, or other component. The pharmaceutical excipient may be present in a pill, tablet, capsule, powder, slurry, or other pharmaceutically effective and acceptable form.
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公开(公告)号：US20220243229A1
公开(公告)日：2022-08-04
申请号：US17673914
申请日：2022-02-17
摘要： A low-cost process is provided to render lignocellulosic biomass accessible to cellulase enzymes, to produce fermentable sugars. Some variations provide a process to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass (such as sugarcane bagasse or corn stover), comprising introducing a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock to a single-stage digestor; exposing the feedstock to a reaction solution comprising steam or liquid hot water within the digestor, to solubilize the hemicellulose in a liquid phase and to provide a cellulose-rich solid phase; refining the cellulose-rich solid phase, together with the liquid phase, in a mechanical refiner, thereby providing a mixture of refined cellulose-rich solids and the liquid phase; enzymatically hydrolyzing the mixture in a hydrolysis reactor with cellulase enzymes, to generate fermentable sugars; and fermenting the fermentable sugars to produce ethanol. Many alternative process configurations are described. The disclosed processes may be employed for other fermentation products.
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公开(公告)号：US20220034038A1
公开(公告)日：2022-02-03
申请号：US17503962
申请日：2021-10-18
IPC分类号： D21H11/18 , D21H21/32 , C13K1/02 , D21H11/06 , D21H17/66 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/06 , D21C9/00 , D21C9/10
摘要： Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with sulfur dioxide or a sulfite compound and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites.
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公开(公告)号：US10919985B2
公开(公告)日：2021-02-16
申请号：US16285362
申请日：2019-02-26
发明人： Theodora Retsina , Kimberly Nelson
摘要： A composition comprising nanocellulose is disclosed, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. The nanocellulose may be in the form of cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, or both. The nanocellulose is characterized by a crystallinity of at least 80%, an onset of thermal decomposition of 300° F. or higher, and a low light transmittance over the range 400-700 nm. Other variations provide a composition comprising lignin-coated hydrophobic nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains very low or essentially no sulfur content. Some variations provide a composition comprising nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose contains about 0.1 wt % equivalent sulfur content, or less, as SO4 groups chemically or physically bound to the nanocellulose. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose contains essentially no hydrogen atoms (apart from hydrogen structurally contained in nanocellulose itself) bound to the nanocellulose. Various compositions, materials, and products may incorporate the nanocellulose compositions disclosed herein.
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公开(公告)号：US12091818B2
公开(公告)日：2024-09-17
申请号：US17209388
申请日：2021-03-23
发明人： Kimberly Nelson , Theodora Retsina
IPC分类号： D21C9/00 , C07G1/00 , C08B15/08 , C08B37/00 , C12P7/10 , D21B1/06 , D21B1/12 , D21B1/14 , D21C1/02 , D21C5/00 , D21C11/00 , D21H11/16 , D21H11/18 , C08H8/00 , C09K8/10 , C09K8/34 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/68 , C13K1/02 , D21C3/00 , D21C3/06 , D21C9/10
CPC分类号： D21C9/007 , C07G1/00 , C08B15/08 , C08B37/0057 , C12P7/10 , D21B1/061 , D21B1/12 , D21B1/14 , D21C1/02 , D21C5/005 , D21C11/0007 , D21H11/16 , D21H11/18 , C08H8/00 , C09K8/10 , C09K8/34 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/68 , C13K1/02 , D21C3/003 , D21C3/006 , D21C3/06 , D21C9/10
摘要： Various processes are disclosed for producing nanocellulose materials following steam extraction or hot-water digestion of biomass. Processes are also disclosed for producing nanocellulose materials from a wide variety of starting pulps or pretreated biomass feedstocks. The nanocellulose materials may be used as rheology modifiers in many applications. Water-based and oil-based drilling fluid formulations and additives are provided. Also, water-based and oil-based hydraulic fracturing fluid formulations and additives are provided. In other embodiments, polymer-nanocellulose composites are provided.
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公开(公告)号：US12077915B2
公开(公告)日：2024-09-03
申请号：US17837144
申请日：2022-06-10
IPC分类号： D21H11/16 , D21C1/02 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/20 , D21C9/00 , D21H11/02 , D21H11/08 , D21H11/18 , D21H27/40
CPC分类号： D21H11/16 , D21C1/02 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/20 , D21C9/007 , D21H11/02 , D21H11/08 , D21H11/18 , D21H27/40
摘要： The present invention provides a pulp product (e.g., paper) comprising cellulose and nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose is derived from the cellulose in a mechanical and/or chemical step that is separate from the main pulping process. The pulping process may be thermomechanical pulping or hydrothermal-mechanical pulping, for example. The pulp product is stronger and smoother with the presence of the nanocellulose. The nanocellulose further can function as a retention aid, for a step of forming the pulp product (e.g., in a paper machine). Other embodiments provide a corrugated medium pulp composition comprising cellulose pulp and nanocellulose, wherein the nanocellulose includes cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals and the nanocellulose may be hydrophobic. The nanocellulose improves the strength properties of the corrugated medium. In some embodiments, the cellulose pulp is a GreenBox+® pulp and the nanocellulose is derived from the AVAP® process.
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11905341B2
公开(公告)日：2024-02-20
申请号：US17570599
申请日：2022-01-07
IPC分类号： C08B15/08 , C08L1/02 , C08H8/00 , C08B15/02 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/20 , D21C5/00 , D21C9/00 , D21H11/18 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02
CPC分类号： C08B15/08 , C08B15/02 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/20 , D21C5/005 , D21C9/007 , D21H11/18 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/30 , Y02P20/54
摘要： The present invention provides a process for producing a nanocellulose material, comprising: fractionating a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin and water, but no acid catalyst, to generate cellulose-rich solids; and then mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form a nanocellulose material comprising cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals. Many organic or inorganic solvents are possible. In some embodiments, the solvent for lignin is an oxygenated organic compound, such as a C1-C18 alcohol, e.g. ethanol, ethylene glycol, propanol, propanediol, glycerol, butanol, or butanediol. The solvent for lignin may be an aromatic alcohol, such as phenol, cresol, or benzyl alcohol. The solvent for lignin may be a ketone, an aldehyde, or an ether, such as methyl ethyl ketone or diethyl ether. The solvent for lignin may be a non-oxygenated alkane, olefin, or aromatic hydrocarbon. In some embodiments, the solvent for lignin is an ionic liquid.
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