摘要:
A magnetic memory element that has a stress-induced magnetic anisotropy. The memory element has a ferromagnetic free layer having a switchable magnetization orientation switchable, a ferromagnetic reference layer having a pinned magnetization orientation, and a non-magnetic spacer layer therebetween. The free layer may be circular, essentially circular or nearly circular.
摘要:
Programmable metallization memory cells having a planarized silver electrode and methods of forming the same are disclosed. The programmable metallization memory cells include a first metal contact and a second metal contact, an ion conductor solid electrolyte material is between the first metal contact and the second metal contact, and either a silver alloy doping electrode separates the ion conductor solid electrolyte material from the first metal contact or the second metal contact, or a silver doping electrode separates the ion conductor solid electrolyte material from the first metal contact. The silver electrode includes a silver layer and a metal seed layer separating the silver layer from the first metal contact.
摘要:
A method of forming a layer of alpha-tantalum on a substrate including the steps of depositing a layer of titanium nitride on a substrate; and depositing a layer of alpha-tantalum on the layer of titanium nitride, wherein the deposition of the alpha-tantalum is carried out at temperatures below about 300° C.
摘要:
A magnetic memory element that has a stress-induced magnetic anisotropy. The memory element has a ferromagnetic free layer having a switchable magnetization orientation switchable, a ferromagnetic reference layer having a pinned magnetization orientation, and a non-magnetic spacer layer therebetween. The free layer may be circular, essentially circular or nearly circular.
摘要:
A digital radiography detector has a two-dimensional array of photosensors disposed in rows and columns. Multiple signal traces connect to the photosensors and extend in a first direction along the two-dimensional array. A switching power supply is connected to a power source and has first and second storage inductors that are substantially matched, are electrically connected in series, include flux fields that are opposite in phase, and are aligned along the first direction of the signal traces.
摘要:
The invention provides methods for growing an array of elongated nanostructures projecting from a surface. The nanostructures of the array are aligned substantially perpendicularly to the surface. In one aspect of the invention, the diameter of the nanostructures is between 10 nm and 200 nm. The methods of the invention can produce nanostructure growth at temperatures less than 350 degrees Celsius. Alignment of the nanostructures does not rely on epitaxial growth from a single crystal substrate, allowing a variety of substrates to be used.
摘要:
Programmable metallization memory cells having a planarized silver electrode and methods of forming the same are disclosed. The programmable metallization memory cells include a first metal contact and a second metal contact, an ion conductor solid electrolyte material is between the first metal contact and the second metal contact, and either a silver alloy doping electrode separates the ion conductor solid electrolyte material from the first metal contact or the second metal contact, or a silver doping electrode separates the ion conductor solid electrolyte material from the first metal contact. The silver electrode includes a silver layer and a metal seed layer separating the silver layer from the first metal contact.
摘要:
A plasma generating apparatus includes a coaxial convertor for coaxial-converting a microwave, a generally annular ring slot that passes the coaxial-converted microwave, and a dielectric window that propagates the microwave passed through the ring slot. A plasma is produced by the microwave propagated through the dielectric window. This enables stable formation of a plasma having a uniform distribution over a large area.
摘要:
Programmable metallization memory cells having a planarized silver electrode and methods of forming the same are disclosed. The programmable metallization memory cells include a first metal contact and a second metal contact, an ion conductor solid electrolyte material is between the first metal contact and the second metal contact, and either a silver alloy doping electrode separates the ion conductor solid electrolyte material from the first metal contact or the second metal contact, or a silver doping electrode separates the ion conductor solid electrolyte material from the first metal contact. The silver electrode includes a silver layer and a metal seed layer separating the silver layer from the first metal contact.
摘要:
A reusable sample-holding device for readily loading very small wet samples for observation of the samples by microscopic equipment, in particular in a vacuum environment. Embodiments may be used with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a transmission electron microscope (TEM), an X-ray microscope, optical microscope, and the like. For observation of the sample, embodiments provide a thin-membrane window etched in the center of each of two silicon wafers abutting to contain the sample in a small uniform gap formed between the windows. This gap may be adjusted by employing spacers. Alternatively, the thickness of a film established by the fluid in which the sample is incorporated determines the gap without need of a spacer. To optimize resolution each window may have a thickness on the order of 50 nm and the gap may be on the order of 50 nm.