摘要:
Spark plug for an internal combustion engine, having a center electrode and a ground electrode arranged in radial direction around the center electrode, wherein an annular spark gap is formed between the center electrode and the ground electrode for igniting a fuel mixture by means of an electric ignition spark developing between the center electrode and the ground electrode, and wherein the ground electrode is contoured in such a way that particles reaching the region of the ground electrode can be removed from the spark gap under the influence of gravitational force.
摘要:
An in vitro process for the preparation of antibodies of the IgG type, comprising the steps of: i. challenging dendritic cells obtained from a donor with an antigen against which the antibodies to be prepared are directed; ii. challenging CD4+ T cells obtained from the same donor with fragments of the antigen presented by the dendritic cells from step L, with the proviso that the dendritic cells are ones essentially not secreting interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 12 (IL-12), to generate antigen-specific CD4+ Th2 cells; iii. challenging with the antigen a B cell population obtained from the same donor and including a sufficient proportion of naive B cells; and iv. contacting the antigen-specific CD4+ Th2 cells according to ii. with at least a fraction of the B cell population from iii. to form an antigen-specific plasma cell; v. immortalizing said antigen-specific plasma cell; and vi. isolating the IgG antibodies formed by said antigen-specific plasma cell.
摘要:
A bone substitute which consists of a porous metallic or a biocompatible, open-cell material which is wholly or partly impregnated with a solution comprising factor XIII, or at least some of its pores are filled with a solution comprising factor XIII, is described.
摘要:
A method of monitoring check valves (6) arranged in gas feed lines (5) of a gas engine includes determining a temperature (S1) according to which a signal transmitter is activated (S3) when a detected temperature in a gas feed line (5) lies outside of a first designated target range; and transmitting (S3) a signal which carries information indicating the gas feed line (5) in which the temperature lying outside of the first target range was detected and/or the cylinder (10) with which the gas feed line (5) is associated.
摘要:
Spark plug for an internal combustion engine, having a center electrode and a ground electrode arranged in radial direction around the center electrode, wherein an annular spark gap is formed between the center electrode and the ground electrode for igniting a fuel mixture by means of an electric ignition spark developing between the center electrode and the ground electrode, and wherein the ground electrode is contoured in such a way that particles reaching the region of the ground electrode can be removed from the spark gap under the influence of gravitational force.
摘要:
A method of monitoring check valves (6) arranged in gas feed lines (5) of a gas engine includes determining a temperature (S1) according to which a signal transmitter is activated (S3) when a detected temperature in a gas feed line (5) lies outside of a first designated target range; and transmitting (S3) a signal which carries information indicating the gas feed line (5) in which the temperature lying outside of the first target range was detected and/or the cylinder (10) with which the gas feed line (5) is associated.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of forming an aluminum nitride layer on a substrate in a processing chamber comprising depositing a first aluminum nitride layer at a first chamber pressure on a substrate, and then depositing a second aluminum nitride layer at a second chamber pressure higher than the first chamber pressure on the aluminum nitride nucleating layer. The first aluminum nitride layer is deposited by sputtering an aluminum target in a nitrogen and inert gas plasma in a processing chamber at a chamber pressure of about 1.5 to about 3 milliTorr. The second aluminum nitride layer is deposited by sputtering an aluminum target in a nitrogen and inert gas plasma at a chamber pressure of about 5 to about 10 milliTorr. The process may be carried out in the same physical vapor deposition chamber with the substrate being maintained at a temperature of preferably between about 125° C. and about 500° C. The advantages provided by the invention include an improved deposition rate for aluminum nitride with a preferred crystal orientation and improved layer properties.