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公开(公告)号：US08653830B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-18
申请号：US12326223
申请日：2008-12-02
IPC分类号： G01R27/02
CPC分类号： G01N27/02
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for evaluating a material are described. Embodiments typically involve use of an impedance measurement sensor to measure the impedance of a sample of the material under at least two different states of illumination. The states of illumination may include (a) substantially no optical stimulation, (b) substantial optical stimulation, (c) optical stimulation at a first wavelength of light, (d) optical stimulation at a second wavelength of light, (e) a first level of light intensity, and (f) a second level of light intensity. Typically a difference in impedance between the impedance of the sample at the two states of illumination is measured to determine a characteristic of the material.
摘要翻译： 描述用于评价材料的方法和装置。 实施例通常涉及使用阻抗测量传感器来测量在至少两种不同的照明状态下材料的样品的阻抗。 照明状态可以包括（a）基本上没有光学刺激，（b）实质的光学刺激，（c）光的第一波长处的光学刺激，（d）在第二波长的光的光学刺激，（e） 光强度级别，（f）第二级光强度。 通常测量在两种照明状态下样品的阻抗之间的阻抗差以确定材料的特性。
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公开(公告)号：US20120182025A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-19
申请号：US12326223
申请日：2008-12-02
IPC分类号： G01R27/02
CPC分类号： G01N27/02
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for evaluating a material are described. Embodiments typically involve use of an impedance measurement sensor to measure the impedance of a sample of the material under at least two different states of illumination. The states of illumination may include (a) substantially no optical stimulation, (b) substantial optical stimulation, (c) optical stimulation at a first wavelength of light, (d) optical stimulation at a second wavelength of light, (e) a first level of light intensity, and (f) a second level of light intensity. Typically a difference in impedance between the impedance of the sample at the two states of illumination is measured to determine a characteristic of the material.
摘要翻译： 描述用于评价材料的方法和装置。 实施例通常涉及使用阻抗测量传感器来测量在至少两种不同的照明状态下材料的样品的阻抗。 照明状态可以包括（a）基本上没有光学刺激，（b）实质的光学刺激，（c）光的第一波长处的光学刺激，（d）在第二波长的光的光学刺激，（e） 光强度级别，（f）第二级光强度。 通常测量在两种照明状态下样品的阻抗之间的阻抗差以确定材料的特性。
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3.发明授权Laser-induced fluorescence fiber optic probe measurement of oil dilution by fuel 有权激光诱导荧光光纤探针测量燃油稀释油公开(公告)号：US07839492B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-23
申请号：US12137964
申请日：2008-06-12
IPC分类号： G01N33/28
CPC分类号： G01N33/2835 , G01N21/6402 , G01N21/643 , G01N21/8507
摘要： Apparatus for detecting fuel in oil includes an excitation light source in optical communication with an oil sample for exposing the oil sample to excitation light in order to excite the oil sample from a non-excited state to an excited state and a spectrally selective device in optical communication with the oil sample for detecting light emitted from the oil sample as the oil sample returns from the excited state to a non-excited state to produce spectral indicia that can be analyzed to determine the presence of fuel in the oil sample. A method of detecting fuel in oil includes the steps of exposing a oil sample to excitation light in order to excite the oil sample from a non-excited state to an excited state, as the oil sample returns from the excited state to a non-excited state, detecting light emitted from the oil sample to produce spectral indicia; and analyzing the spectral indicia to determine the presence of fuel in the oil sample.
摘要翻译： 用于检测油中的燃料的装置包括与油样品光学连通的激发光源，用于将油样暴露于激发光，以将油样从非激发态激发至激发态，以及光学选择性装置 与油样品的连通，用于当油样从激发状态返回到非激发状态时检测从油样发射的光，以产生可被分析以确定油样品中燃料的存在的光谱标记。 检测油中燃料的方法包括以下步骤：将油样品暴露于激发光，以便将油样从非激发态激发至激发态，因为油样从激发态返回到非激发态 检测从油样发出的光以产生光谱标记; 并分析光谱标记以确定油样品中燃料的存在。
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公开(公告)号：US20150273444A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-01
申请号：US14231828
申请日：2014-04-01
CPC分类号： B01J23/8926 , B01D53/9427 , B01D53/944 , B01D2255/106 , B01J23/52 , B01J23/66 , B01J23/894 , B01J35/0006 , B01J35/006 , B01J35/008 , B01J37/035 , B01J37/04 , B01J37/14 , B01J37/16 , Y02A50/2341
摘要： The invention provides a composite catalyst containing a first component and a second component. The first component contains nanosized gold particles. The second component contains nanosized platinum group metals. The composite catalyst is useful for catalyzing the oxidation of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and other pollutants at low temperatures.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了含有第一组分和第二组分的复合催化剂。 第一组分含有纳米尺寸的金颗粒。 第二组分含有纳米尺寸的铂族金属。 复合催化剂可用于在低温下催化一氧化碳，碳氢化合物，氮氧化物和其他污染物的氧化。
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5.发明授权Optical backscatter probe for sensing particulate in a combustion gas stream 有权用于检测燃烧气流中的颗粒的光学反向散射探针公开(公告)号：US08451444B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-28
申请号：US12491781
申请日：2009-06-25
CPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N21/15 , G01N21/474 , G01N21/85 , G01N33/0029 , G01N2021/151 , G01N2021/8578
摘要： A system for sensing particulate in a combustion gas stream is disclosed. The system transmits light into a combustion gas stream, and thereafter detects a portion of the transmitted light as scattered light in an amount corresponding to the amount of particulates in the emissions. Purge gas may be supplied adjacent the light supply and the detector to reduce particles in the emissions from coating or otherwise compromising the transmission of light into the emissions and recovery of scattered light from the emissions.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于感测燃烧气体流中的颗粒的系统。 该系统将光传输到燃烧气体流中，然后将透射光的一部分作为散射光检测，其数量对应于排放物中的微粒量。 吹扫气体可以在光源和检测器附近供应，以减少涂层中的颗粒，或以其他方式损害光的透射，从而排放和回收来自排放物的散射光。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08248612B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12843121
申请日：2010-07-26
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 , G01N2021/6432 , G01N2201/08 , G01N2201/088
摘要： Provided are sensors and methods of measuring the oxygen concentration of a fluid. An excitation light source is in optical communication with a transducer for transmitting an excitation light that is at least partially absorbed by the transducer. The transducer has a property of photoluminescence, and enters a higher energy state by at least partially absorbing the excitation light and enters a lower energy state through radiation of emitted light, thus producing spectral indicia. A light detection system, which is also in optical communication with the transducer, processes the spectral indicia to determine the concentration of oxygen in the fluid.
摘要翻译： 提供了测量流体氧浓度的传感器和方法。 激发光源与用于传输至少部分被换能器吸收的激发光的换能器光通信。 换能器具有光致发光的特性，并通过至少部分地吸收激发光而进入更高的能量状态，并通过发射光的辐射进入较低的能量状态，从而产生光谱标记。 还与换能器光学通信的光检测系统处理光谱标记以确定流体中氧的浓度。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20120019829A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-26
申请号：US12843121
申请日：2010-07-26
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 , G01N2021/6432 , G01N2201/08 , G01N2201/088
摘要： Provided are sensors and methods of measuring the oxygen concentration of a fluid. An excitation light source is in optical communication with a transducer for transmitting an excitation light that is at least partially absorbed by the transducer. The transducer has a property of photoluminescence, and enters a higher energy state by at least partially absorbing the excitation light and enters a lower energy state through radiation of emitted light, thus producing spectral indicia. A light detection system, which is also in optical communication with the transducer, processes the spectral indicia to determine the concentration of oxygen in the fluid.
摘要翻译： 提供了测量流体氧浓度的传感器和方法。 激发光源与用于传输至少部分被换能器吸收的激发光的换能器光通信。 换能器具有光致发光的特性，并通过至少部分地吸收激发光而进入更高的能量状态，并通过发射光的辐射进入较低的能量状态，从而产生光谱标记。 还与换能器光学通信的光检测系统处理光谱标记以确定流体中氧的浓度。
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8.发明申请Optical Backscatter Probe for Sensing Particulate in a Combustion Gas Stream 有权用于感应燃烧气体中的颗粒的光学反向散射探针公开(公告)号：US20100328663A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-30
申请号：US12491781
申请日：2009-06-25
IPC分类号： G01N21/47
CPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N21/15 , G01N21/474 , G01N21/85 , G01N33/0029 , G01N2021/151 , G01N2021/8578
摘要： A system for sensing particulate in a combustion gas stream is disclosed. The system transmits light into a combustion gas stream, and thereafter detects a portion of the transmitted light as scattered light in an amount corresponding to the amount of particulates in the emissions. Purge gas may be supplied adjacent the light supply and the detector to reduce particles in the emissions from coating or otherwise compromising the transmission of light into the emissions and recovery of scattered light from the emissions.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于感测燃烧气体流中的颗粒的系统。 该系统将光传输到燃烧气体流中，然后将透射光的一部分作为散射光检测，其数量对应于排放物中的微粒量。 吹扫气体可以在光源和检测器附近供应，以减少涂层中的颗粒，或以其他方式损害光的透射，从而排放和回收来自排放物的散射光。
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9.发明申请Laser-Induced Fluorescence Fiber Optic Probe Measurement of Oil Dilution by Fuel 有权激光诱导荧光光纤探头测量燃油稀释公开(公告)号：US20090310127A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-17
申请号：US12137964
申请日：2008-06-12
IPC分类号： G01N33/28
CPC分类号： G01N33/2835 , G01N21/6402 , G01N21/643 , G01N21/8507
摘要： Apparatus for detecting fuel in oil includes an excitation light source in optical communication with an oil sample for exposing the oil sample to excitation light in order to excite the oil sample from a non-excited state to an excited state and a spectrally selective device in optical communication with the oil sample for detecting light emitted from the oil sample as the oil sample returns from the excited state to a non-excited state to produce spectral indicia that can be analyzed to determine the presence of fuel in the oil sample. A method of detecting fuel in oil includes the steps of exposing a oil sample to excitation light in order to excite the oil sample from a non-excited state to an excited state, as the oil sample returns from the excited state to a non-excited state, detecting light emitted from the oil sample to produce spectral indicia; and analyzing the spectral indicia to determine the presence of fuel in the oil sample.
摘要翻译： 用于检测油中的燃料的装置包括与油样品光学连通的激发光源，用于将油样暴露于激发光，以将油样从非激发态激发至激发态，以及光学选择性装置 与油样品的连通，用于当油样从激发状态返回到非激发状态时检测从油样发射的光，以产生可被分析以确定油样品中燃料的存在的光谱标记。 检测油中燃料的方法包括以下步骤：将油样品暴露于激发光，以便将油样从非激发态激发至激发态，因为油样从激发态返回到非激发态 检测从油样发出的光以产生光谱标记; 并分析光谱标记以确定油样品中燃料的存在。
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10.发明授权Advanced engine management of individual cylinders for control of exhaust species 失效用于控制排气物种的各个气缸的先进发动机管理公开(公告)号：US07469693B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-30
申请号：US11691539
申请日：2007-03-27
CPC分类号： F02D41/0082 , F01N3/0807 , F01N3/0842 , F01N3/2066 , F01N2610/03 , F01N2610/04 , F02B37/18 , F02D41/0235 , F02D2041/147 , F02D2041/288 , Y02T10/24
摘要： A method and system controls engine-out exhaust species of a combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders. The method typically includes various combinations of steps such as controlling combustion parameters in individual cylinders, grouping the individual cylinders into a lean set and a rich set of one or more cylinders, combusting the lean set in a lean combustion parameter condition having a lean air:fuel equivalence ratio, combusting the rich set in a rich combustion parameter condition having a rich air:fuel equivalence ratio, and adjusting the lean set and the rich set of one or more cylinders to generate net-lean combustion. The exhaust species may have elevated concentrations of hydrogen and oxygen.
摘要翻译： 一种方法和系统控制具有多个气缸的内燃机的发动机排出物种。 该方法通常包括各种步骤的组合，例如控制各个气缸中的燃烧参数，将各个气缸分组为精简组和富集的一个或多个气缸组，在具有稀薄空气的稀燃燃烧参数条件下燃烧稀薄组： 燃料当量比，在具有丰富的空气：燃料当量比的丰富的燃烧参数条件下燃烧富集，并且调节一个或多个气缸的稀薄组和富集以产生净稀燃料。 排气物质可能具有升高的氢气和氧气浓度。
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