摘要:
The invention relates to a catalyst that is very suitable for the conversion of a benzoic acid into the corresponding benzaldehyde. The catalyst can be obtained via coprecipitation of a manganese salt, a salt from which an acid support is formed, a zinc salt and optionally a copper salt at a pH between 4 and 10, calcination, after precipitation, of the coprecipitate at a temperature of between 300 and 700.degree. C. and then, optionally, reduction of the calcined coprecipitate with the aid of a hydrogen-containing gas mixture. Using such a catalyst the hydrogenation of a benzoic acid can be carried out at lower temperature resulting in energy-savings and, hence, cost-savings.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of a porous, pure silica which is particularly suitable as a catalyst support for a chromium-oxide catalyst used in polymerizing of olefins. The process comprises the steps of converting a silicon-halogen compound to a silica and then admixing with water to form a silica gel. The gel is then spray-dried to achieve the required particle size and pore volume.The silica can then be made into a catalyst by placing on the support a chromium compound and then heating in a non-reducing atmosphere.
摘要:
Olefinically unsaturated compounds are subjected to hydroformylation to produce the corresponding aldehyde having an additional carbon atom by reacting the compound with hydrogen and carbon monoxide under appropriate conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalytically active metallo-organic complex in the pores of a solid porous carrier in the form of a solution in a ligand-forming electron-donating phosphorous compound, such as triethyl phosphine, that has a vapor pressure of less than 15 mbar under reaction conditions. The central atom of the metallo-organic complex is preferably rhodium, cobalt, ruthenium or irridium.
摘要:
Powdery alloys of two or more metals, as well as of alloys distributed in finely divided state over a carrier material, e.g., catalysts consisting of an alloy of two or more metals, are obtained by adding one of the metals as a powder or in finely divided state on a carrier to a liquid which contains a dissolved compound of the metal or dissolved compounds of the metals to be alloyed, whereupon the metal particles are treated with a reducing agent.In this way an alloy is formed without the risk for sintering of the formed alloy particles.
摘要:
A catalyst and process for making same which is used for hydroformylation reactions by the conversion of an olifically unsaturated compound. The catalyst is prepared by the phosphochlorination of the polymer carrier in the presence of borontrifluoride or a borontrifluoride complex. The chlorophosphonyl groups are converted into phosphine or phosphite groups and the resultant groups are reacted with a catalytically active metal complex.
摘要:
Process for the preparation of a porous, pure silica which is particularly suitable as a catalyst support for a chromium-oxide catalyst used in polymerizing of olefins. The process comprises the steps of converting a silicon-halogen compound to a silica and then admixing with water to form a silica gel. The gel is then dried and ground to a predetermined particle size. The silica can then be made into a catalyst by placing on the support a chromium compound and then heating in a non-reducing atmosphere.
摘要:
A process for preparing activated carbon supported catalysts by mixing an activated carbon support having acid surface groups with an aqueous solution containing one or more cations selected from the groups IB and VIII of the Periodic System of Elements as well as Zn to effect cation exchange with the acid groups on the surface of the activated carbon support, separating the cation exchanged activated carbon. Said exchanged surface cations are thereafter reduced on the carbon support in the medium which is later to be subjected to the catalyzed reaction. The surface of the activated carbon support may be oxidized to increase the number of acid groups per unit area prior to ion exchange.
摘要:
A process for forming hydroxylamine and/or its salt, by reducing nitrogen monoxide, nitric acid, or a nitrate salt and improvements therein, wherein starch, gelatin, polyacrylamide or polyvinyl alcohol is added to the reaction mixture.
摘要:
Process for preparing high mechanical strength pure silicon dioxide suitable for demanding high-grade technical applications including the combination of steps of (a) forming a reaction mixture containing a silicon dioxide precipitate by controllably and gradually admixing with firm agitation an at most 15 weight percent aqueous solution of hexafluorosilicic acid with an about 15 to about 35 weight percent ammonium hydroxide solution at about 25.degree. C. to about 45.degree. C. until the pH is about 8.5 to about 9.2 in the thus formed mixture containing a silicon dioxide precipitate; (b) separating the silicon dioxide precipitate from the mixture; (c) washing the thus separated precipitate; and (d) calcining the thus washed precipitate at about 900.degree. C. to about 1500.degree. C. Silicon dioxide produced in accordance with the present process has better physical properties than commercially available porous alpha-alumina.
摘要:
An improved catalyst composition for the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds using catalytically active organometallic complexes wherein said complexes are dissolved in a ligand-forming compound and impregnated into a porous solid carrier material which is essentially free of alkali metal ions and acid or basic groups which would otherwise be reactive with the organo-metallic commplex.