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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5914156A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-22
申请号：US800225
申请日：1997-02-12
IPC分类号： C04B41/52 , C04B41/89 , C22C1/10 , C22C32/00 , C22C49/14 , D01F11/12 , H01L23/373 , H01L23/492 , B05D1/18 , C23C16/32
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B35/6265 , C04B35/6268 , C04B35/62831 , C04B35/62855 , C04B35/6286 , C04B35/62873 , C04B35/62876 , C04B35/62884 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/89 , C22C1/1015 , C22C1/1036 , C22C32/0052 , C22C47/06 , C22C49/14 , D01F11/127 , H01L23/3733 , H01L23/4922 , C04B2111/00844 , C04B2235/427 , C04B2235/5244 , C04B2235/5248 , C04B2235/5256 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： A carbonaceous material coated with a molybdenum carbide coating, the molybdenum carbide coating protecting the carbonaceous material against attack by molten metal while simultaneously providing a wetting action for the molten metal to infiltrate the carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material is any suitable carbonaceous material such as diamond; graphite fibers, both continuous and discontinuous; carbon and graphite particulate; lampblack; and carbon-rich surfaces. The molybdenum carbide coating is produced by reacting a gaseous molybdenum compound with the surface of the carbonaceous material under a reducing atmosphere. The molybdenum carbide coated carbonaceous material is formed into a metal/carbonaceous material composite by being heated with the metal under an inert atmosphere until the molten metal infiltrates the molybdenum carbide coated carbonaceous material. The metals include copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, nickel, cobalt, titanium, silver, gold, platinum, rhodium, tin, zinc, and alloys of these metals.
摘要翻译： 涂覆有碳化钼涂层的碳质材料，碳化钼涂层保护碳质材料免受熔融金属的侵蚀，同时为熔融金属渗透含碳材料提供润湿作用。 含碳材料是任何合适的含碳材料，例如金刚石; 石墨纤维，连续和不连续; 碳和石墨颗粒; 油烟; 和富含碳的表面。 通过在还原气氛下使气态钼化合物与碳质材料的表面反应来制造碳化钼涂层。 通过在惰性气氛下与金属一起加热将碳化钼包覆的碳质材料形成为金属/碳质材料复合材料，直到熔融金属渗入碳化钼涂覆的碳质材料。 金属包括铜，铝，镁，铁，镍，钴，钛，银，金，铂，铑，锡，锌以及这些金属的合金。
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2.发明授权Metal matrix coated fiber composites and the methods of manufacturing such composites 失效金属基质涂层纤维复合材料及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5244748A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-14
申请号：US303442
申请日：1989-01-27
CPC分类号： D01F11/127 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/52 , C22C47/04 , C22C47/08 , D01F11/123 , D01F11/126 , D01F11/128 , Y10T428/12486 , Y10T428/2944 , Y10T428/2949
摘要： A fiber coating which allows ceramic or metal fibers to be wetted by molten metals is disclosed. The coating inhibits degradation of the physical properties caused by chemical reaction between the fiber and the coating itself or between the fiber and the metal matrix. The fiber coating preferably includes at least a wetting layer, and in some applications, a wetting layer and a barrier layer between the fiber and the wetting layer. The wetting layer promotes fiber wetting by the metal matrix. The barrier layer inhibits fiber degradation. The fiber coating permits the fibers to be infiltrated with the metal matrix resulting in composites having unique properties not obtainable in pure materials.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种允许陶瓷或金属纤维被熔融金属润湿的纤维涂层。 涂层抑制由纤维与涂层本身之间或纤维与金属基体之间的化学反应引起的物理性能降低。 纤维涂层优选至少包括湿润层，并且在一些应用中，在纤维和润湿层之间包含润湿层和阻挡层。 润湿层促进金属基体的纤维润湿。 阻隔层抑制纤维降解。 纤维涂层允许纤维用金属基体渗透，导致复合材料具有在纯材料中不可获得的独特性质。
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3.发明授权Heat transfer apparatus and method for tubes incorporated in graphite or carbon/carbon composites 失效用于石墨或碳/碳复合材料的管材的传热装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5806588A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-15
申请号：US442465
申请日：1995-05-16
CPC分类号： B23K35/001 , C04B37/026 , C09K5/14 , F28F19/02 , F28F21/02 , B23K35/004 , B23K35/005 , C04B2237/124 , C04B2237/125 , C04B2237/127 , C04B2237/363 , C04B2237/385 , C04B2237/403 , C04B2237/405 , C04B2237/406 , C04B2237/407 , C04B2237/765 , C04B2237/84 , Y10T428/30
摘要： A novel heat transfer apparatus and method including a body of carbon/carbon material with cooling tubes brazed therein. The carbon/carbon material includes carbon, graphite, carbon fibers, graphite fibers and combinations of the same and silicon carbide and boron carbide. The cooling tubes are prepared from stainless steel, nickel and its alloys, cobalt and its alloys, copper, molybdenum, molybdenum rhenium alloy, and carbon. A wetting agent is applied to the carbon surfaces to protect the carbon surfaces from attack by the molten brazing material and is selected from molybdenum niobium, tantalum, tungsten, and carbides of these refractory metals. The brazing material is selected from copper, copper alloys, silver, and gold. Advantageously, the wetting agent not only protects the carbon surfaces from attack by the brazing metals but its surface tension therewith holds the brazing metal into intimate thermal contact between the carbon surface and the cooling tubes even while the novel heat transfer apparatus of this invention is operating at temperatures above the melting temperature of the brazing metal.
摘要翻译： 一种新型的传热装置和方法，包括碳/碳材料体，钎焊有冷却管。 碳/碳材料包括碳，石墨，碳纤维，石墨纤维及其组合以及碳化硅和碳化硼。 冷却管由不锈钢，镍及其合金，钴及其合金，铜，钼，钼铼合金和碳制成。 将润湿剂施加到碳表面以保护碳表面免受熔融钎焊材料的侵蚀，并且选自这些难熔金属的钼铌，钽，钨和碳化物。 钎焊材料选自铜，铜合金，银和金。 有利地，润湿剂不仅保护碳表面免受钎焊金属的侵蚀，而且其表面张力也将钎焊金属保持在碳表面和冷却管之间的紧密热接触中，即使本发明的新型传热装置正在运行 在高于钎焊金属的熔融温度的温度下。
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公开(公告)号：US5834115A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-10
申请号：US800226
申请日：1997-02-12
IPC分类号： C04B41/52 , C04B41/89 , C22C1/10 , C22C32/00 , C22C49/14 , D01F11/12 , H01L23/373 , H01L23/492 , D02G3/00 , B21D39/00 , B32B15/00
CPC分类号： C04B41/52 , C04B35/62831 , C04B35/6286 , C04B35/62873 , C04B35/62876 , C04B35/62884 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/89 , C22C1/1015 , C22C1/1036 , C22C32/0052 , C22C47/06 , C22C49/14 , D01F11/127 , H01L23/3733 , H01L23/4922 , C04B2111/00844 , C04B2235/427 , C04B2235/5224 , C04B2235/524 , C04B2235/5244 , C04B2235/5248 , C04B2235/5256 , H01L2924/0002 , Y10T428/12486 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/2924
摘要： A composite of a metal infiltrated into a carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material is coated with a molybdenum carbide coating, the molybdenum carbide coating protecting the carbonaceous material against attack by molten metal while simultaneously providing a wetting action for the molten metal to infiltrate the carbonaceous material. The carbonaceous material is any suitable carbonaceous material such as diamond; graphite fibers, both continuous and discontinuous; carbon and graphite particulate; lampblack; and carbon-rich surfaces. The molybdenum carbide coating is produced by reacting a gaseous molybdenum compound with the surface of the carbonaceous material under a reducing atmosphere. The molybdenum carbide coated carbonaceous material is formed into a metal/carbonaceous material composite by being heated with the metal under an inert atmosphere until the molten metal infiltrates the molybdenum carbide coated carbonaceous material. The metals include copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, nickel, cobalt, titanium, silver, gold, platinum, rhodium, tin, zinc, and alloys of these metals. The composite exhibits a high degree of thermal and electrical conductivity and a low coefficient of thermal expansion.
摘要翻译： 渗入碳质材料的金属的复合物。 碳质材料涂覆有碳化钼涂层，碳化钼涂层保护碳质材料免受熔融金属的侵蚀，同时为熔融金属渗透含碳材料提供润湿作用。 含碳材料是任何合适的含碳材料，例如金刚石; 石墨纤维，连续和不连续; 碳和石墨颗粒; 油烟; 和富含碳的表面。 通过在还原气氛下使气态钼化合物与碳质材料的表面反应来制造碳化钼涂层。 通过在惰性气氛下与金属一起加热将碳化钼包覆的碳质材料形成为金属/碳质材料复合材料，直到熔融金属渗入碳化钼涂覆的碳质材料。 金属包括铜，铝，镁，铁，镍，钴，钛，银，金，铂，铑，锡，锌以及这些金属的合金。 该复合材料具有高度的导热系数和导热系数以及较低的热膨胀系数。
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公开(公告)号：US5410796A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-02
申请号：US132472
申请日：1993-10-06
申请人： Joseph K. Weeks, Jr.
发明人： Joseph K. Weeks, Jr.
CPC分类号： F41A21/02 , C22C49/14 , Y10T29/49801
摘要： A method for producing a composite having graphite fibers in a matrix of copper/copper alloy. The graphite fibers are coated with a refractory metal which both protects the graphite fibers from the molten copper/copper alloy while also acting as a wetting agent on the graphite fibers for intimate infiltration by the molten copper/copper alloy. The coated graphite fibers are prepared in a structure and placed against a copper/copper alloy element which is melted to produce the molten copper/copper alloy. The infiltration of the graphite fiber structure with the molten copper/copper alloy is characterized by the absence of pressure on the molten copper/copper alloy.
摘要翻译： 一种在铜/铜合金基质中制备具有石墨纤维的复合材料的方法。 石墨纤维涂覆有难熔金属，两者都保护石墨纤维免受熔融铜/铜合金的影响，同时也充当石墨纤维上的润湿剂，以通过熔融铜/铜合金进行紧密渗透。 涂覆的石墨纤维以结构制备并且靠着铜/铜合金元件放置，该铜/铜合金元件被熔化以产生熔融的铜/铜合金。 石墨纤维结构与熔融铜/铜合金的渗透的特点是熔融铜/铜合金没有压力。
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公开(公告)号：US5151368A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-29
申请号：US639966
申请日：1991-01-11
IPC分类号： C12M1/10
CPC分类号： C12M27/10
摘要： A dual axis bioreactor system wherein a bioreactor vessel is mounted at its longitudinal axis to a horizontal axle with the bioreactor vessel thereby being rotatable about its longitudinal axis. The horizontal axle is rotatably mounted to a vertical shaft with the vertical shaft rotating the horizontal axle in a horizontal plane. A gear system limits the rotation of the bioreactor vessel to one rotation about its longitudinal axis for each revolution of the bioreactor vessel about the vertical shaft. A flexible, multilumen conduit is affixed to the base of the bioreactor vessel at the longitudinal axis to provide fluid communication with the bioreactor vessel. The rotation rate of the vertical shaft is carefully controlled to reduce any centrifugation effects upon the contents in the bioreactor vessel while providing mixing therein. The bioreactor system is ideally suited for continuous flow reactions and is particularly advantageous in that it eliminates moving seals, openings, or other possible sources of contamination.
摘要翻译： 双轴生物反应器系统，其中生物反应器容器在其纵向轴线处安装到水平轴，生物反应器容器因此可以围绕其纵向轴线旋转。 水平轴可旋转地安装在垂直轴上，竖轴使水平轴在水平面上旋转。 齿轮系统将生物反应器容器的旋转限制在围绕垂直轴的生物反应器容器的每转一周围绕其纵向轴线旋转一周。 柔性多腔导管在纵向轴线处固定到生物反应器容器的底部以提供与生物反应器容器的流体连通。 仔细控制垂直轴的旋转速度以减少对生物反应器容器中的内容物的任何离心效应，同时在其中混合。 生物反应器系统非常适用于连续流动反应，特别有利的是它消除了移动的密封件，开口或其它可能的污染源。
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