摘要:
A photoacid generator represented by the following formula (1), a method for producing the photoacid generator, and a resist composition containing the photoacid generator are provided. wherein in the formula (1), Y1, Y2, X, R1, R2, n1, n2 and A+ have the same meanings as defined in the detailed description of the invention. The photoacid generator can maintain an appropriate contact angle at the time of ArF liquid immersion lithography, can reduce defects occurring during liquid immersion lithography, and has excellent solubility in resist solvents and excellent compatibility with resins. Furthermore, the photoacid generator can be produced by an efficient and simple method using an epoxy compound that is industrially easily available.
摘要:
Disclosed is a digital pre-distortion device which includes a pre-compensation lookup table which outputs a first input value and a second input value adjacent to an input signal, a first distortion value corresponding to the first input value, and a second distortion value corresponding to the second input value; and a function generator which generates a pre-distortion function based on the first and second input values and the first and second distortion values and generates a pre-distortion value corresponding to the input signal from the pre-distortion function.
摘要:
Provided are a method of controlling power of an access uplink using a relay station (RS) and a system thereof. When a base station (BS) decides that the subject of power control of the access uplink is itself, the BS generates a message for power control of the access uplink based on channel quality measurement information reported from the RS and transmits the power control message to a subscriber station (SS), and when the BS decides that the subject of power control of the access uplink is the RS, the RS generates a message for power control of the access uplink based on channel quality measurement information and transmits the power control message to the SS. Thus, fast power control of the access uplink can be performed.
摘要:
A pre-distortion apparatus of a power amplifier includes: a pre-distortion unit configured to generate a pre-distorted signal of an input signal by calculating a magnitude of the input signal and outputting a complex correction coefficient corresponding to the calculated magnitude of the input signal, and provide the generated pre-distorted signal as an input of the power amplifier; and a complex correct coefficient update unit configured to generate an error signal by comparing an output signal of the power amplifier with the input signal and updating the complex correction coefficient to minimize a magnitude of the generated error signal, wherein the pre-distortion unit provides a constant bias value corresponding to the magnitude of the input signal as a bias of the power amplifier while updating the complex correction coefficient.
摘要:
A compound represented by the following formula (1) is provided: wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group; and A represents a group represented by the following formula (2) or formula (3): wherein R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted allyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted perfluoroalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; and two or more of R2, R3 and R4 may be linked to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated carbon ring or a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring.The chemically amplified resist composition comprising a polymer compound which is produced from the compound of formula 1 according to the present invention provides a chemically amplified resist sensitive to far-ultraviolet radiation, which is represented by KrF excimer laser or ArF excimer laser.
摘要:
A fast locking phase locked loop includes a first phase frequency detector (PFD), a second PFD, a lock detector, an up-signal output unit, a down-signal output unit, a selective charge pump, a loop filter, and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The first PFD outputs a first up-signal and a first down-signal. The second PFD outputs a second up-signal and a second down-signal. The lock detector outputs an inverted lock signal. The selective charge pump outputs a pumping current. The loop filter generates a control voltage in response to the pumping current. The VCO generates the external clock signal having a frequency determined in accordance with the control voltage. The PLL has a faster locking time because the PFDs included in the PLL are capable of detecting a phase difference in a missing edge.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of chiral 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide includes adding sodium cyanide together with citric acid to a solution of chiral epichlorohydrin to obtain chiral 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropionitrile by ring opening reaction of the chiral epichlorohydrin, reacting the obtained product with an alcohol containing hydrochloride gas to obtain chiral 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyric acid ester, and reacting the obtained product in a presence of a base with glycinamide or with glycine ester accompanied by ammonolysis with ammonia to produce the targeted chiral 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and the treatment of cancers containing diaryl-isoxazole derivatives as an effective ingredient. Diaryl-isoxazole derivatives of the present invention inhibit metastasis of breast cancer cell lines and angiogenesis, so that they can be produced as a metastasis inhibitor and further as a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and the treatment of angiogenesis related diseases including cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, or angiogenesis diseases caused in eyeball, etc.
摘要:
A communication method according to the present invention includes receiving MAP in formation, acquiring an initial scheduled frame number and a current frame number from the MAP information, calculating the difference between the initial scheduled frame number and the current frame number, comparing the difference between the initial scheduled frame number and the current frame number with a reference value and setting a scheduled frame number, and performing transmission or reception in the scheduled frame. Therefore, even though a MAP loss occurs, the mobile station can receive only downlink data effective in downlink, thereby reducing power consumption for unnecessary reception, and can exactly perform transmission in a frame in which it should transmit in uplink.
摘要:
A distortion compensation apparatus and an apparatus and method for transmitting a signal are provided. The distortion compensation apparatus can extract precise distortion information by adding an additional signal to an input signal during the compensation of distortion in a nonlinear apparatus, and can linearize the nonlinear properties of the nonlinear apparatus using the distortion information. The apparatus for transmitting a signal can output a signal linearized by the same method as that used by the distortion compensation apparatus.