摘要:
A developing unit in use with an image forming apparatus such as a printer and a copier. The developing unit includes: a photoreceptor for holding a toner image; two-component developer consisting of toner and magnetic carrier; a developing sleeve, located in a vicinity of the photoreceptor and slightly separated from the photoreceptor, for supplying the toner of the two-component developer to the surface of the photoreceptor; a developer layer thickness regulator for regulating a layer thickness of the two-component developer provided on a rotatable surface member of the developing sleeve; and a developing bias generator for applying a developing bias voltage, including an AC component, onto the developing sleeve. The developing sleeve further including: the rotatable surface member for conveying the two-component developer; plural magnetic poles each of which is fixed at a respective predetermined location in the rotatable surface member. In the developing unit, layer thickness H.sub.D (mm) of the two-component developer and gap D.sub.SD (mm), between the surface of the photoreceptor and the rotatable surface member, both at the location where the rotatable surface member is closest to the surface of the photoreceptor, satisfies the equation of 0.02.ltoreq.D.sub.SD -H.sub.D .ltoreq.0.3; and the toner of the two-component developer is conveyed to the surface of the photoreceptor between 5 and 40 mg/cm.sup.2 at the location, where the rotatable surface member is closest to the surface of the photoreceptor.
摘要:
An developer for developing a latent image with a developing agent such as toner. The developer includes a developing sleeve for holding the developing agent on its surface, in which magnetic poles are provided in the developing sleeve; a equalizer bar for equalizing the amount of the developing agent on the surface of the developing sleeve; a pressing member to press the equalizer bar onto the developing sleeve. In the developer, a radius of curvature of the equalizer bar is between 0.5 mm and 15 mm, and the developing sleeve is processed to have a jagged surface which is defined by a glossiness between 2% Gs and 1400% Gs (20.degree.).
摘要:
In the manufacture of a fiber reinforced plastic armored cable, long reinforcing fibers are impregnated with an uncured thermosetting resin and formed into a predetermined shape to obtain a plurality of rod-like members with the thermosetting resin held uncured. Then the uncured rod-like members are passed through a die of a melt extruder, by which the rod-like members are each coated with a thermoplastic resin layer. The coated layers of the rod-like members are immediately cooled to simultaneously form a plurality of fiber reinforced plastic armoring strands with the thermosetting resin held uncured. The armoring strands thus obtained are wound around a cable which is fed while being rotated. The cable having wound thereon the strands is passed through a die portion of a melt extruder, by which the cable is sheathed with a thermoplastic resin layer which is immediately cooled and solidified. The sheathed cable is guided into a curing tank using a liquid as a heating medium to cure the thermosetting resin in the armoring strands. Thereafter, the sheathed cable is wound onto a drum via a rotary take-up device.
摘要:
There is provided an atomic absorption spectrophotometer wherein a magnetic field having a suitable value is applied to a light source radiating the emission spectral light of the atom to be analyzed in the advance direction of the radiated light in order to cause the Zeeman effect so that the wavenumber of a component which is included in the spectra shifted in wavenumber and which is varied to have a smaller wavenumber may coincide with or approach the wavenumber whereat the absorption spectrum is maximized, thereby the sensitivity of the atomic absorption being raised, the linear region of the working curve being improved, and the emission spectral light being stabilized.
摘要:
A nephelometric immunoassay and a nephelometer therefore, characterized in that light is projected on a sample to-be-measured containing an antigen-antibody complex, that at least two light scattering intensities at different angles with respect to the incident light are measured, and that a true antigen concentration is discriminated by comparing the light scattering intensities.
摘要:
Actuation of a prefatiguing lamp is selectively controlled in accordance with the measured time interval between successive copying operations. In substantially continuous copying where the measured interval is less than a first predetermined time period, no prefatiguing illumination is provided. Where the measured interval exceeds a second, longer predetermined time period, full illumination is provided. When the measured interval is between the first and second predetermined periods, partial illumination is provided by appropriate reduction in the operating voltage impressed upon the prefatiguing lamp.
摘要:
A fixing device includes a pair of fixing rollers to heat toner images and to fix the toner images on a recording medium in which at least one roller coming into contact with toner is provided thereon with fluorine containing resins and a device for coating fluorine containing silicone oil on the surface of the fluorine containing resins at a coating amount of not more than 1.4.times.10.sup.-6 cc/cm.sup.2.
摘要翻译:一种定影装置包括一对定影辊,用于加热调色剂图像并将调色剂图像固定在其上与氟调色剂接触的至少一个辊与调色剂接触的记录介质上,以及用于涂覆含氟硅油的装置 在含氟树脂的表面上,涂布量不大于1.4×10 -6 cc / cm 2。
摘要:
A fixing method comprises the step of passing a recording material with a toner image between a heat member and a pressure applying member contacting the heat member to fix the toner onto the recording material, a silicone oil being coated on the surface of the heat member, wherein the toner contains a polyester comprising a unit derived from an aromatic polycarboxylic acid or its anhydride or a unit derived from an aromatic polyhydric alcohol, and the silicone oil is a fluorine-containing silicone oil having a structure unit represented by the following Formula (I):Formula (I) ##STR1##
摘要:
In a color image forming apparatus, an image retainer, a charger, a plurality of developing devices and a cleaner are made in one unit. The unit is dismountably supported in a housing so that the unit can be moved out from a first position at which the unit is set in the housing to a second position at which jam disposition is conducted. When the unit means is placed at the second position, a part of the apparatus is used to cover the image retaining surface at the transfer section.
摘要:
In an optical fiber carrying spacer which has helical grooves for carrying optical fibers with each groove changing the direction of its helix for each turn about the spacer, each helical groove includes extra-length portions and compensating portions both formed at a smaller angle to a longitudinal axis of the spacer than main groove portions. The extra-length portions are each provided at a position where the direction of the helix changes. The compensating portions are each provided between adjacent extra-length portions at an angular distance ranging from 1/4 to 3/4 of the circumference of the spacer. The spacer effectively prevents stresses from being applied to the optical fibers along the longitudinal direction when the spacer is bent or curved.