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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06861101B1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-01
申请号：US10324988
申请日：2002-12-19
申请人： Keith A Kowalsky , Daniel R Marantz
发明人： Keith A Kowalsky , Daniel R Marantz
摘要： A method of operation of a plasma torch. A cold high pressure carrier gas containing a powder material is injected into a cold main high pressure gas flow and then this combined flow is directed coaxially around a plasma exiting from an operating plasma generator and converging into the hot plasma effluent, mixing with the effluent to form a gas stream with a net temperature, based on the enthalpy of the plasma stream and the temperature and volume of the cold high pressure converging gas, such that the powdered material will not melt. The combined flow with entrained is directed through a supersonic nozzle accelerating the flow to supersonic velocites sufficient that the particles striking the workpiece achieve kinetic energy transformation into elastic deformation of the particles as they impact the workpiece forming a cohesive coating.
摘要翻译： 一种等离子体焰炬的操作方法。 将含有粉末材料的冷高压载气注入冷的主要高压气体流中，然后将该组合流同轴地定向在从等离子体发生器出来的等离子体上并且会聚到热等离子体流出物中，与流出物混合 基于等离子体流的焓和冷的高压会聚气体的温度和体积形成具有净温度的气流，使得粉末材料不会熔化。 夹带的组合流被引导通过超音速喷嘴将流速加速到超音速速度，足以使得撞击工件的颗粒在撞击形成粘合涂层的工件时将动能转换成弹性变形。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07491907B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-17
申请号：US11037516
申请日：2005-01-18
申请人： Keith A Kowalsky , Daniel R Marantz
发明人： Keith A Kowalsky , Daniel R Marantz
摘要： A plasma spray apparatus for applying a coating to an article, wherein the apparatus includes a cup shaped plasma nozzle and a main gas nozzle coaxially surrounding the exterior of the plasma nozzle forming a passage between the main gas nozzle and the plasma nozzle through which the main gas containing powder particles is caused to coaxially flow, and a converging/diverging nozzle positioned at the exit of the plasma nozzle and main gas nozzle, having an entry chamber into which the plasma gas and the main gas with powder particles entrained therein flow and combine to establish a gas mixture, the gas mixture accelerating through the extended bore of the converging/diverging nozzle to a sonic or supersonic velocity so that upon impact onto the surface of the article a cohesively bonded coating will form and build-up.
摘要翻译： 一种用于向制品施加涂层的等离子体喷涂装置，其中所述装置包括杯形等离子体喷嘴和同轴地围绕等离子体喷嘴的外部的主气体喷嘴，其形成主气体喷嘴和等离子体喷嘴之间的通道，主喷嘴 使含有粉末颗粒的气体同轴流动，并且位于等离子体喷嘴和主气体喷嘴的出口处的会聚/发散的喷嘴具有入口室，等离子体气体和主要气体与其中夹带的粉末颗粒流动并组合 为了建立气体混合物，气体混合物通过会聚/发散喷嘴的延伸孔加速到声音或超音速，使得当撞击到物品的表面上时，将形成和积聚粘合的涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US20080014031A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-17
申请号：US11487298
申请日：2006-07-14
IPC分类号： B65G53/48
CPC分类号： B65G53/48
摘要： A feeder apparatus supplies a powder feedstock to a high or low pressure processing operation. The apparatus includes a metering plate defining an annular channel having a channel width. A measuring mechanism dispenses a measured volume of the feedstock into the annular channel. The measuring mechanism includes a pay-out device defining an outlet significantly smaller than the channel width. The measuring mechanism further includes a maximum fill level defining a maximum pressure head in the feedstock less than a retaining pressure defined by the internal friction of the feedstock. The restraining pressure prevents the feedstock from spreading outwardly in the annular channel and contacting sidewalls of the annular channel under the pressure head of the feedstock. The apparatus further includes a pick-up device for removing the feedstock from the annular channel. The pick-up device includes an inlet having a rectangular shape extending across the annular channel.
摘要翻译： 送料装置将粉末原料供应到高压或低压处理操作。 该装置包括限定具有通道宽度的环形通道的计量板。 测量机构将测量的原料体积分配到环形通道中。 测量机构包括限定出口明显小于通道宽度的出口装置。 测量机构还包括最大填充量，其限定了原料中的最大压力头小于由原料的内部摩擦所限定的保持压力。 约束压力防止原料在环形通道中向外扩散并且在原料的压头下方接触环形通道的侧壁。 该设备还包括用于从环形通道去除原料的拾取装置。 拾取装置包括具有延伸穿过环形通道的矩形形状的入口。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06986471B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-17
申请号：US10325006
申请日：2002-12-19
申请人： Keith A Kowalsky , Daniel R Marantz
发明人： Keith A Kowalsky , Daniel R Marantz
IPC分类号： B05B1/24
摘要： A method of operation of a plasma torch and the plasma apparatus to produce a hot gas jet stream directed towards a workpiece to be coated by first injecting a cold high pressure carrier gas containing a powder material into a cold main high pressure gas flow and then directing this combined high pressure gas flow coaxially around a plasma exiting from an operating plasma generator and converging directly into the hot plasma effluent, thereby mixing with the hot plasma effluent to form a gas stream with a net temperature based on the enthalpy of the plasma stream and the temperature and volume of the cold high pressure converging gas, establishing a net temperature of the gas stream at a temperature such that the powdered material will not melt or soften, and projecting the powder particles at high velocity onto a workpiece surface. The improvement resides in mixing a cold high pressure carrier gas with powder material entrained in it, with a cold high pressure gas flow of gas prior to mixing this combined gas flow with the plasma effluent which is utilized to heat the combined gas flow to an elevated temperature limited to not exceeding the softening point or melting point of the powder material. The resulting hot high pressure gas flow is directed through a supersonic nozzle to accelerate this heated gas flow to supersonic velocities, thereby providing sufficient velocity to the particles striking the workpiece to achieve a kinetic energy transformation into elastic deformation of the particles as they impact the onto the workpiece surface and forming a dense, tightly adhering cohesive coating. Preferably the powder material is of metals, alloys, polymers and mixtures thereof or with semiconductors or ceramics and the powder material is preferably of a particle size range exceeding 50 microns. The system also includes a rotating member for coating concave surfaces and internal bores or other such devices which can be better coated using rotation.
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公开(公告)号：US5938944A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US61841
申请日：1998-04-09
CPC分类号： B23K10/027 , B05B13/0636 , B05B7/224
摘要： A plasma transferred wire arc thermal spray apparatus and method producing an extended-arc and supersonic plasma jet stream for applying a dense metallic coating on a substrate, such as a concave internal surface of a bore. The apparatus includes a plasma generating torch assembling having a cathode and an anode nozzle surrounding the cathode and a wire feeder which continuously feeds the tip of a wire feedstock opposite a constricted nozzle orifice and wherein the wire feedstock is maintained at the same positive electrical potential as the nozzle. Plasma gas is directed into the nozzle, preferably generating a vortex flow around the cathode and exiting the restricted nozzle orifice. The improved apparatus includes a pilot power supply and a high voltage or high frequency power supply which initiates the electric arc and the constricted plasma arc and a separate main power supply which extends the constricted plasma arc to the wire tip. In the disclosed bore coating apparatus and method, the plasma torch assembly is rotated about the longitudinal axis of the wire feedstock while maintaining the electrical connection between the wire feedstock and the nozzle. The apparatus further includes an annular conical port surrounding the restricted nozzle orifice connected to a second gas source which generates an annular conical gas stream surrounding the wire tip having a point of intersection spaced downstream of the wire tip and the second gas is further directed to the wire feed guide to cool the assembly.
摘要翻译： 一种等离子体转移的线弧热喷涂装置和方法，其产生用于在诸如孔的凹内表面的基底上施加致密金属涂层的延伸电弧和超音速等离子体射流。 该装置包括具有阴极和围绕阴极的阳极喷嘴的等离子体发生火炬装配，以及连线进料器，其将线材原料的尖端连续地供给到与缩小的喷嘴孔口相对的位置，并且其中所述焊丝原料保持在与 喷嘴。 等离子体气体被引导到喷嘴中，优选地产生围绕阴极的涡流并离开限制的喷嘴孔口。 改进的装置包括引导电源和启动电弧和收缩的等离子体电弧的高压或高频电源以及将收缩的等离子体电弧延伸到电线尖端的单独的主电源。 在所公开的孔涂装置和方法中，等离子体焰炬组件绕线材原料的纵向轴线旋转，同时保持线材原料和喷嘴之间的电连接。 该装置还包括围绕限制喷嘴孔的环形圆锥形端口，其连接到第二气体源，该第二气体源产生围绕线尖的环形锥形气流，其具有在线尖端下游的交点，并且第二气体进一步被引导到 送丝导板冷却组件。
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公开(公告)号：US08581138B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-12
申请号：US13334851
申请日：2011-12-22
IPC分类号： B23K10/00
CPC分类号： B05B7/224
摘要： A method of thermally depositing metal onto a target surface using a plasma transferred wire arc thermal spray apparatus, wherein the method includes the steps of offsetting the central axis of a consumable wire with respect to an axial centerline of a constricting orifice; and establishing and operating a plasma transferred wire arc between a cathode and a free end of the consumable wire; and melting and atomizing a continually fed free end of the consumable wire into molten metal particles and projecting the particles onto said target surface.
摘要翻译： 一种使用等离子体转移线弧热喷涂装置将金属热沉积到目标表面上的方法，其中该方法包括以下步骤：相对于收缩孔的轴向中心线抵消消耗线的中心轴线; 以及建立和操作等离子体转移的线弧线在可消耗线材的阴极和自由端之间; 并将可消耗线材的连续供给的自由端熔化和雾化成熔融金属颗粒并将颗粒投影到所述目标表面上。
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公开(公告)号：US20120160813A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-28
申请号：US13334851
申请日：2011-12-22
IPC分类号： B23K9/00
CPC分类号： B05B7/224
摘要： A method of thermally depositing metal onto a target surface using a plasma transferred wire arc thermal spray apparatus, wherein the method includes the steps of offsetting the central axis of a consumable wire with respect to an axial centerline of a constricting orifice; and establishing and operating a plasma transferred wire arc between a cathode and a free end of the consumable wire; and melting and atomizing a continually fed free end of the consumable wire into molten metal particles and projecting the particles onto said target surface.
摘要翻译： 一种使用等离子体转移线弧热喷涂装置将金属热沉积到目标表面上的方法，其中该方法包括以下步骤：相对于收缩孔的轴向中心线抵消消耗线的中心轴线; 以及建立和操作等离子体转移的线弧线在可消耗线材的阴极和自由端之间; 并将可消耗线材的连续供给的自由端熔化和雾化成熔融金属颗粒并将颗粒投影到所述目标表面上。
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公开(公告)号：US07674076B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-09
申请号：US11487298
申请日：2006-07-14
CPC分类号： B65G53/48
摘要： A feeder apparatus supplies a powder feedstock to a high or low pressure processing operation. The apparatus includes a metering plate defining an annular channel having a channel width. A measuring mechanism dispenses a measured volume of the feedstock into the annular channel. The measuring mechanism includes a pay-out device defining an outlet significantly smaller than the channel width. The measuring mechanism further includes a maximum fill level defining a maximum pressure head in the feedstock less than a retaining pressure defined by the internal friction of the feedstock. The restraining pressure prevents the feedstock from spreading outwardly in the annular channel and contacting sidewalls of the annular channel under the pressure head of the feedstock. The apparatus further includes a pick-up device for removing the feedstock from the annular channel. The pick-up device includes an inlet having a rectangular shape extending across the annular channel.
摘要翻译： 送料装置将粉末原料供应到高压或低压处理操作。 该装置包括限定具有通道宽度的环形通道的计量板。 测量机构将测量的原料体积分配到环形通道中。 测量机构包括限定出口明显小于通道宽度的出口装置。 测量机构还包括最大填充量，其限定了原料中的最大压力头小于由原料的内部摩擦所限定的保持压力。 约束压力防止原料在环形通道中向外扩散并且在原料的压头下方接触环形通道的侧壁。 该设备还包括用于从环形通道去除原料的拾取装置。 拾取装置包括具有延伸穿过环形通道的矩形形状的入口。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for the controlled supply of feedstock to a feedstock processing facility operating at high pressure 有权用于将原料受控供应给在高压下运行的原料加工设备的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06651843B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US10012093
申请日：2001-11-13
IPC分类号： G01F1100
CPC分类号： B05B7/144 , B22F3/004 , C21C7/0037 , C23C4/12
摘要： A feedstock feeder for supplying feedstock to a system operating at a level of pressure. The feedstock feeder includes a pressure vessel having a pressure which is higher than the level of pressure; a mechanical feeder portion which meters the flow of feedstock to the system, the mechanical feeder portion located within the pressure vessel; a feedstock supplier which supplies feedstock to the mechanical feeder portion, the feedstock supplier located within the pressure vessel; a drive mechanism for driving a dynamically moving portion attached to the drive mechanism, the dynamically moving portion coupled to the mechanical feeder portion for moving the mechanical feeder portion; and wherein all dynamic seals operating to seal about the dynamically moving portion are positioned within the pressure vessel.
摘要翻译： 用于将原料供给到以压力水平运行的系统的原料给料器。 原料给料器包括压力容器，其压力高于压力水平; 机械进料器部分，其计量进料到系统的流动，机械进料部分位于压力容器内; 原料供应商，其将原料供应给机械进料部分，位于压力容器内的原料供应商; 用于驱动附接到所述驱动机构的动态移动部分的驱动机构，所述动态移动部分联接到所述机械馈送部分，用于移动所述机械馈送部分; 并且其中操作以围绕动态移动部分密封的所有动态密封件定位在压力容器内。
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公开(公告)号：US5468295A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US169332
申请日：1993-12-17
IPC分类号： B05B7/08 , B05B7/22 , B05B13/06 , B23K9/04 , C23C4/12 , C23C4/14 , B05B5/00 , C23C4/00 , C23C16/00
CPC分类号： B23K9/048 , B05B13/06 , B05B7/0861 , B05B7/224 , C23C4/131 , C23C4/14 , B05B13/0636
摘要： A method of thermal spray coating a surface with a metal coating material includes the provision of a nozzle about a thermal spray coating apparatus, such as a two wire electric-arc apparatus. The nozzle includes a plurality of ports facing generally radially inwardly towards a coating material particle stream, such as an atomized molten metal stream of a two-wire arc thermal spray apparatus. The ports sequentially receive a deflecting gas flow, such that the direction moves circumferentially about the axis of the particle stream. The deflecting gas entrains the coating material and carries it radially to the surface of the part to be coated or the nozzle assembly. By utilizing a plurality of valve ports, one simplifies the assembly over prior art systems which have rotated the part to be coated. In one embodiment of this invention, a valve disk selectively communicates a compressed gas to the ports sequentially. In a second embodiment, each of the ports are associated with individual electrically operated valves which are sequentially opened to achieve the changing direction of the deflecting gas flow. A method and apparatus for simultaneously coating a plurality of bores main body, such as an engine block, is also disclosed. The apparatus includes a plurality of deflecting nozzles which are simultaneously inserted in each of the bore. The preferred method includes initiating an axial particulate coating stream, prior to inserting the deflecting nozzles in the bores, then inserting the nozzles in the bores and deflecting stream radially, to coat all of the bores simultaneously.
摘要翻译： 用金属涂层材料热喷涂表面的方法包括提供关于热喷涂装置的喷嘴，例如双线电弧装置。 喷嘴包括多个面向大致径向向内朝向涂层材料颗粒流（例如两线弧形热喷涂装置的雾化熔融金属流）的端口。 端口顺序地接收偏转气流，使得该方向围绕颗粒流的轴线周向移动。 偏转气体夹带涂层材料并将其径向运送到待涂覆部件或喷嘴组件的表面。 通过利用多个阀口，可以简化与已经旋转待涂覆部件的现有技术系统的组装。 在本发明的一个实施例中，阀盘选择性地将压缩气体顺序地连通到端口。 在第二实施例中，每个端口与单独的电动阀相关联，这些电动阀顺序打开以实现偏转气流的改变方向。 还公开了一种用于同时涂覆多个孔体的方法和装置，例如发动机缸体。 该装置包括同时插入每个孔中的多个偏转喷嘴。 优选的方法包括在将偏转喷嘴插入孔之前引发轴向颗粒涂覆流，然后将喷嘴插入孔中并径向偏转流，同时涂覆所有的孔。
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