公开(公告)号：US20120060937A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-15

申请号：US13301964

申请日：2011-11-22

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

IPC分类号： F15D1/00

CPC分类号： B01L3/5088 ,  B01L2300/16 ,  B01L2400/0442 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  Y10T137/0396 ,  Y10T436/2575

摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein the flow resistance of a droplet disposed on a nanostructured or microstructured surface is controlled. A closed-cell feature is used in a way such that, when the pressure of at least a first fluid within one or more of the cells of said surface is decreased to or below a desired level, a droplet disposed on that surface is caused to at least partially penetrate the surface. In another illustrative embodiment, the pressure within one or more of the cells is increased to or above a desired level in a way such that the droplet of liquid is returned at least partially to its original, unpenetrated position. In yet another embodiment, a closed-cell structure feature pattern is used to prevent penetration of the nanostructured or microstructured surface, even when the pressure of the fluid disposed on the surface is relatively high.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种控制设置在纳米结构或微结构化表面上的液滴的流动阻力的方法和装置。 以这样的方式使用闭孔特征，使得当所述表面的一个或多个细胞内的至少第一流体的压力降低到或低于期望水平时，使在该表面上设置的液滴 至少部分地穿透表面。 在另一示例性实施例中，一个或多个电池内的压力以使得液滴至少部分地返回到其原始的未穿透位置的方式增加到或高于期望水平。 在另一个实施例中，即使当设置在表面上的流体的压力相对较高时，也使用闭孔结构特征图案来防止纳米结构化或微结构化表面的渗透。

公开(公告)号：US07749646B2

公开(公告)日：2010-07-06

申请号：US10803641

申请日：2004-03-18

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Donald Weiss

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Donald Weiss

IPC分类号： H01M10/50

CPC分类号： H01M6/5077 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/06 ,  H01M6/36 ,  H01M6/5038 ,  H01M2004/021 ,  Y10S977/948

摘要： A battery having a nanostructured battery electrode is disclosed wherein it is possible to reverse the contact of the electrolyte with the battery electrode and, thus, to return a battery to a reserve state after it has been used to generate current. In order to achieve this reversibility, the nanostructures on the battery electrode comprise a plurality of closed cells and the pressure within the enclosed cells is varied. In a first embodiment, the pressure is varied by varying the temperature of a fluid within the cells by, for example, applying a voltage to electrodes disposed within said cells. In a second illustrative embodiment, once the battery has been fully discharged, the battery is recharged and then the electrolyte fluid is expelled from the cells in a way such that it is no longer in contact with the battery electrode.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有纳米结构的电池电极的电池，其中可以使电解质与电池电极的接触反转，并且因此在使用电池产生电流之后将电池返回到储备状态。 为了实现这种可逆性，电池电极上的纳米结构包括多个闭孔，并且封闭电池内的压力变化。 在第一实施例中，通过例如通过将设置在所述单元内的电极施加电压来改变单元内的流体的温度来改变压力。 在第二示例性实施例中，一旦电池已经完全放电，电池被再充电，然后电解液以与电池电极不再接触的方式从电池中排出。

公开(公告)号：US20090071525A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-19

申请号：US11856201

申请日：2007-09-17

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Shankar Krishnan

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Shankar Krishnan

IPC分类号： H01L35/32 ,  H01L21/50

CPC分类号： H01L23/38 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An apparatus includes a thermoelectric cooler adjacent to a surface of a device substrate and including a first set of one or more metal electrodes, a second set of one or more metal electrodes, and one or more semiconductor members. Each member includes a material different from the device substrate and physically joins a corresponding one electrode of the first set to a corresponding one electrode of the second set. The electrodes and at least one member are configured to transport heat to or from a thermal load in a direction parallel to the surface of the device substrate.

摘要翻译： 一种装置包括邻近器件衬底的表面的热电冷却器，并且包括第一组一个或多个金属电极，第二组一个或多个金属电极和一个或多个半导体部件。 每个构件包括与装置基板不同的材料，并将第一组的对应的一个电极物理地连接到第二组的对应的一个电极。 电极和至少一个构件构造成在平行于器件衬底的表面的方向上将热量传递到热负载或从热负载传输热量。

公开(公告)号：US20080155992A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-03

申请号：US11618056

申请日：2006-12-29

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Christopher D.W. Jones ,  Shankar Krishnan ,  Oana Malis

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Christopher D.W. Jones ,  Shankar Krishnan ,  Oana Malis

IPC分类号： F25B21/02

CPC分类号： F25B21/02 ,  F25B2500/01 ,  H01L23/38 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： An apparatus includes a thermoelectric cooler having a first set of one or more metal electrodes, a second set of one or more metal electrodes, and one or more doped semiconductor members. Each member physically joins a corresponding one electrode of the first set to a corresponding one electrode of the second set. Each member has a cross-sectional area that increases along a path from the one metal electrode of the first set to the one metal electrode of the second set.

摘要翻译： 一种装置包括具有第一组一个或多个金属电极的热电冷却器，一个或多个金属电极的第二组和一个或多个掺杂的半导体部件。 每个构件将第一组的对应的一个电极物理地连接到第二组的对应的一个电极。 每个构件具有沿着从第一组的一个金属电极到第二组的一个金属电极的路径增加的横截面面积。

公开(公告)号：US08414833B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-09

申请号：US13361207

申请日：2012-01-30

申请人： David John Bishop ,  John VanAtta Gates ,  Marc Scott Hodes ,  Avinoam Komblit ,  Stanley Pau ,  Brijesh Vyas

发明人： David John Bishop ,  John VanAtta Gates ,  Marc Scott Hodes ,  Avinoam Komblit ,  Stanley Pau ,  Brijesh Vyas

IPC分类号： B01D1/02 ,  B01D63/08 ,  B01D61/36 ,  B07C1/02

CPC分类号： B01D61/364 ,  B01D1/00 ,  B01D63/087 ,  B01D63/088 ,  G01N2001/4027 ,  Y10T436/255 ,  Y10T436/2575 ,  Y10T436/25875

摘要： Apparatus and method for increasing the concentration of a chemical substance in a fluid comprise a micro-fluidic elongated channel formed in a substrate, with the channel being in fluid-flow communication with an ambient region along its elongated dimension. In general, the fluid includes first and second chemical substances having different vapor pressures. The apparatus includes an evaporation controller for increasing the evaporation rate of the fluid from the channel into the ambient region, thereby increasing the concentration of the lower vapor pressure (LVP) substance in the portion of the fluid remaining in the channel and increasing the concentration of the higher vapor pressure (HVP) substance in the portion of the fluid evaporated into the ambient region.

摘要翻译： 用于增加流体中化学物质浓度的装置和方法包括形成在基底中的微流体细长通道，其中通道沿其细长尺寸与环境区域流体流动连通。 通常，流体包括具有不同蒸气压的第一和第二化学物质。 该装置包括用于增加流体从通道进入环境区域的蒸发速率的蒸发控制器，从而增加通道中保留的流体部分中较低蒸气压（LVP）物质的浓度， 流体部分中的较高蒸气压（HVP）物质蒸发到环境区域。

公开(公告)号：US08187894B2

公开(公告)日：2012-05-29

申请号：US13301964

申请日：2011-11-22

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

IPC分类号： G01N1/10

CPC分类号： B01L3/5088 ,  B01L2300/16 ,  B01L2400/0442 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  Y10T137/0396 ,  Y10T436/2575

摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein the flow resistance of a droplet disposed on a nanostructured or microstructured surface is controlled. A closed-cell feature is used in a way such that, when the pressure of at least a first fluid within one or more of the cells of said surface is decreased to or below a desired level, a droplet disposed on that surface is caused to at least partially penetrate the surface. In another illustrative embodiment, the pressure within one or more of the cells is increased to or above a desired level in a way such that the droplet of liquid is returned at least partially to its original, unpenetrated position. In yet another embodiment, a closed-cell structure feature pattern is used to prevent penetration of the nanostructured or microstructured surface, even when the pressure of the fluid disposed on the surface is relatively high.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种控制设置在纳米结构或微结构化表面上的液滴的流动阻力的方法和装置。 以这样的方式使用闭孔特征，使得当所述表面的一个或多个细胞内的至少第一流体的压力降低到或低于期望水平时，使在该表面上设置的液滴 至少部分地穿透表面。 在另一示例性实施例中，一个或多个电池内的压力以使得液滴至少部分地返回到其原始的未穿透位置的方式增加到或高于期望水平。 在另一个实施例中，即使当布置在表面上的流体的压力相对较高时，使用闭孔结构特征图案来防止纳米结构化或微结构化表面的渗透。

公开(公告)号：US20100183906A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-22

申请号：US10803565

申请日：2004-03-18

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Donald Weiss

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Mary Louise Mandich ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Donald Weiss

IPC分类号： H01M6/30

CPC分类号： F42C19/00 ,  H01M4/06 ,  H01M6/30 ,  H01M6/32 ,  H01M6/36 ,  Y10S977/948

摘要： A battery having an electrode with at least one nanostructured surface is disclosed wherein the nanostructured surface is divided into cells and is disposed in a way such that an electrolyte fluid of the battery is prevented from contacting the portion of electrode associated with each cell. When a voltage is passed over the nanostructured surface associated with a particular cell, the electrolyte fluid is caused to penetrate the nanostructured surface of that cell and to contact the electrode, thus activating the portion of the battery associated with that cell. The current/voltage generated by the battery is controlled by selectively activating only a portion of the cells. Multiple cells can be active simultaneously to produce the desired voltage. The more cells that are active, the higher the current/voltage and the lower the overall life of the battery. The life of the battery can be extended by activating fewer cells simultaneously.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有至少一个纳米结构表面的电极的电池，其中将纳米结构化表面分成多个单元并且被设置成使得电池的电解质流体不会与每个单元相关联的电极的部分接触。 当电压通过与特定电池相关联的纳米结构表面时，使电解液渗透到该电池的纳米结构表面并接触电极，从而激活与该电池相关联的电池部分。 由电池产生的电流/电压通过选择性地激活仅一部分电池来控制。 可以同时激活多个单元以产生所需的电压。 活动的电池越多，电流/电压越高，电池的整体寿命越短。 通过同时激活更少的电池可以延长电池的使用寿命。

公开(公告)号：US07700183B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

申请号：US11468650

申请日：2006-08-30

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

IPC分类号： B32B3/26 ,  B32B3/06 ,  B32B5/14

CPC分类号： B05D5/00 ,  B05D7/22 ,  B63B1/34 ,  B81B2203/0315 ,  B81C1/00206 ,  F15D1/02 ,  F15D1/10 ,  Y02T70/121 ,  Y02T70/123 ,  Y10T29/49885 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/249954 ,  Y10T428/249956 ,  Y10T428/24996 ,  Y10T428/249976

摘要： An apparatus, comprising a plurality of closed cells disposed on a surface of a substrate. Each of the closed cells has at least one dimension that is less than about 1 millimeter and are configured to hold a medium therein. The apparatus also comprises a foam that contacts the closed cells. The foam has fluid walls that include a surfactant, and bubbles of the foam layer are filled with the medium.

摘要翻译： 一种装置，包括设置在基板的表面上的多个闭孔。 每个闭孔具有小于约1毫米的至少一个尺寸并且构造成在其中保持介质。 该装置还包括接触闭孔的泡沫。 该泡沫体具有包含表面活性剂的流体壁，泡沫层的泡沫填充有介质。

公开(公告)号：US20080057287A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-06

申请号：US11468650

申请日：2006-08-30

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor

IPC分类号： B32B3/26 ,  B32B3/00

CPC分类号： B05D5/00 ,  B05D7/22 ,  B63B1/34 ,  B81B2203/0315 ,  B81C1/00206 ,  F15D1/02 ,  F15D1/10 ,  Y02T70/121 ,  Y02T70/123 ,  Y10T29/49885 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/249954 ,  Y10T428/249956 ,  Y10T428/24996 ,  Y10T428/249976

摘要： An apparatus, comprising a plurality of closed cells disposed on a surface of a substrate. Each of the closed cells has at least one dimension that is less than about 1 millimeter and are configured to hold a medium therein. The apparatus also comprises a foam that contacts the closed cells. The foam has fluid walls that include a surfactant, and bubbles of the foam layer are filled with the medium.

摘要翻译： 一种装置，包括设置在基板的表面上的多个闭孔。 每个闭孔具有小于约1毫米的至少一个尺寸并且构造成在其中保持介质。 该装置还包括接触闭孔的泡沫。 该泡沫体具有包含表面活性剂的流体壁，泡沫层的泡沫填充有介质。

公开(公告)号：US06724626B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US10426462

申请日：2003-04-30

申请人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Alan Michael Lyons

发明人： Marc Scott Hodes ,  Alan Michael Lyons

IPC分类号： H05K720

CPC分类号： G06F1/203 ,  G06F2200/201

摘要： A heat-dissipating device is disclosed for use in an electronic device. This heat dissipating device includes a reservoir for holding a substance in a liquid state (e.g., water) and at least one heat transfer point for transferring heat from a heat source, such as a component in the electronic device, to the liquid substance. Heat causes the substance to transform into a gaseous state due to the transfer of thermal energy from the heat source to the substance. A gas permeable membrane is used to permit the substance to escape the reservoir when it is in a gaseous state while, at the same time, preventing the substance from escaping when it is in a liquid state.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于电子设备的散热装置。 该散热装置包括用于将物质保持在液态（例如水）的储存器和用于将热量从诸如电子设备中的组分的热源传递到液体物质的至少一个传热点。 由于热能从热源转移到物质，热会导致物质转化为气态。 当气体处于气态时，使用气体渗透膜来允许物质逸出，同时防止物质在液体状态时逸出。