摘要:
A method of parking the head by first moving the head toward the inner diameter of the disc an then back across the disc and parking the head on a flat part of a ramp. In one embodiment, a moderate voltage on the motor drives the head toward the inner diameter of the disc until the head hits the inner crash stop and then a moderate current drives the head back across the disc to give the head enough momentum to get to the flat part of he ramp. In another embodiment, more stages, each having a different voltage, are used to get better control of the velocity of the head as it is being driven across the disc. A higher voltage is also used to turn the head to move toward the inner diameter of the disc when it is moving fast toward the outer diameter. A retract circuit controls the movement of the head during retract. To be able to drive the head in the tow directions, the retract circuit needs to be bipolar, containing both a current source and a current sink. Counters are used to time the driving of the head. Driving the head toward the outer diameter of the disc across substantially the entire disc permits the head to gather momentum as the head approaches the ramp, and use a lower current to ensure that the head gets to the flat art of the ramp where it is then parked. Parking the head on the flat part of the ramp prevents the head from landing on the disc, preventing damage to the head and the disc, and eliminating the possibility of loss or corruption of data due to the head landing on the disc.
摘要:
An electronic pushbutton tunable radio (10) having various audio controls is disclosed. A single pushbutton (22) is utilized to implement volume, fader and balance modes of operation during which up/down pushbuttons (20,21) control the overall and relative magnitude of audio signals produced by four speakers (24-27) while at the same time a single display (17) is utilized to display, respectively, either the channel to which the radio is tuned, the relative magnitude between right and left speaker audio signals, or the relative magnitude between front and back speaker audio signals. The radio has tuning pushbuttons (14) for direct recall of preset radio channels in a tuning mode operation. The radio includes an audio mode pushbutton (23) which terminates the tuning mode and implements an audio control mode wherein the recall tuning pushbuttons (14) now serve as on/off manual controls for audio control circuits, such as the radio local/distant (L/D) circuit, while at the same time utilizing the display (17) previously utilized to indicate channel frequency to now indicate the operative state of the audio circuits controlled by the recall pushbuttons in the audio mode.
摘要翻译:公开了具有各种音频控制的电子按钮可调谐无线电(10)。 使用单个按钮(22)来实现音量,推子和平衡操作模式,其中上/下按钮(20,21)控制由四个扬声器(24-27)产生的音频信号的总体和相对幅度,而在 同时使用单个显示器(17)来分别显示无线电被调谐的频道,左和右扬声器音频信号之间的相对幅度,或前后扬声器音频信号之间的相对幅度。 收音机具有调谐按钮(14),用于在调谐模式操作中直接调用预设的无线电频道。 收音机包括音频模式按钮(23),其终止调谐模式并实现音频控制模式,其中调用调谐按钮(14)现在用作音频控制电路的开/关手动控制,诸如无线电本地/远端( L / D)电路,同时利用先前用于指示频道频率的显示器(17)来指示由音频模式中的召回按钮控制的音频电路的操作状态。
摘要:
In a circuit for converting signals having ECL logic levels to a signal having TTL logic levels, the level shift is accomplished using the base-emitter drops of the transistors employed to avoid the speed degradation that accompanies the use of resistors as level shifters. First and second complementary input ECL signals are applied to first and second transistors respectively. The first input signal results in rendering a drive transistor conductive which turns the source transistor means in a push-pull output stage off and the sink transistor in the output stage on. When the second input signal goes high, current is diverted so as to render the drive transistor nonconductive. Additional circuit means are provided for preventing the sink transistor from saturating and for preventing the input of the source transistor means from falling below a predetermined level. Circuit means are also provided for turning the source transistor means off quickly so as to improve the overall speed performance of the circuit.
摘要:
A current amplifier is provided having a single control amplifier and a plurality of output stages. The desired output stage is digitally selected. The ratios of the output stage currents may be selected during the metalization process. A single capacitor compensates for all output stages regardless of which output stage is selected.
摘要:
A pulse stretching integrated circuit includes an on-chip capacitor. A first transistor means including an input transistor and an emitter follower transistor supplies a charging current to the capacitor so as to charge it to a first voltage when an input signal pulse is in a first logical state. A differential transistor pair has a first input coupled to the emitter follower transistor and to the capacitor and has a second input coupled to a reference voltage for generating a first output when the capacitor voltage is less than the reference voltage and for generating a second output when the capacitive voltage is greater than the reference voltage. An additional transistor is coupled to the capacitor for discharging the capacitor when the input signal pulse is in a second logical state causing the voltage at the first input of the differential pair to fall below the reference voltage.
摘要:
An apparatus and process for detecting rotor position for improved motor start-up. The apparatus detects a target equilibrium position of the rotor using a fixed gain amplifier, window comparator and slope detector circuitry. The window comparator circuitry qualifies the peaks of the back EMF signal. Slope detector circuitry pinpoints the peak of the back EMF signal qualified by the window comparator. The technique utilizes the steps of energizing the phase windings of said motor, detecting the target equilibrium position, and then accelerating the motor through a commutation process.
摘要:
A current amplifier uses a current mirror arrangement as an operational amplifier whose output has limited swing. The limited swing is achieved through a plurality of series connected diodes connected to a control input of the amplifier and to the output of the operational amplifier. The control input is coupled through a transistor to inhibit the output of the current mirror arrangement. The output node is coupled to an output for the current amplifier through a Darlington arrangement which provides high current gain.