摘要:
A method may be provided to detect and correct data errors in a data system where a data message has been encoded with outer parity bits based on the data message using an outer encoding technique to provide an outer codeword and with inner parity bits based on the outer codeword using an inner encoding technique different than the outer encoding technique to provide an inner codeword. The method may include using the inner parity bits and an inner decoding technique corresponding to the inner encoding technique to perform inner decoding of the inner codeword. Responsive to performing inner decoding of the inner codeword without error, the data message may be extracted from a result of inner decoding the inner codeword without using the outer parity bits to decode the result of inner decoding the inner codeword. Related systems are also discussed.
摘要:
A random data reading method of a nonvolatile memory device includes receiving an initial seed corresponding to a selected page of the nonvolatile memory device and relative location information of read-requested random data in the selected page. The method further includes generating a seed for randomizing the random data by subjecting the initial seed and the location information to a finite field arithmetic operation, and de-randomizing the random data based on a random sequence generated from the seed.
摘要:
A random data reading method of a nonvolatile memory device includes receiving an initial seed corresponding to a selected page of the nonvolatile memory device and relative location information of read-requested random data in the selected page. The method further includes generating a seed for randomizing the random data by subjecting the initial seed and the location information to a finite field arithmetic operation, and de-randomizing the random data based on a random sequence generated from the seed.
摘要:
A partial data changing method of a memory controller includes receiving a request to change partial data from a host; detecting an error of old data, the old data being partial data read from a memory device using an error detection code; if the old data is not erroneous, calculating a data difference between new data provided from the host and the old data, and calculating a new parity using the data difference and an old parity read from the memory device; and storing the new data and the new parity at the memory device.
摘要:
A partial data changing method of a memory controller includes receiving a request to change partial data from a host; detecting an error of old data, the old data being partial data read from a memory device using an error detection code; if the old data is not erroneous, calculating a data difference between new data provided from the host and the old data, and calculating a new parity using the data difference and an old parity read from the memory device; and storing the new data and the new parity at the memory device.
摘要:
A method may be provided to detect and correct data errors in a data system where a data message has been encoded with outer parity bits based on the data message using an outer encoding technique to provide an outer codeword and with inner parity bits based on the outer codeword using an inner encoding technique different than the outer encoding technique to provide an inner codeword. The method may include using the inner parity bits and an inner decoding technique corresponding to the inner encoding technique to perform inner decoding of the inner codeword. Responsive to performing inner decoding of the inner codeword without error, the data message may be extracted from a result of inner decoding the inner codeword without using the outer parity bits to decode the result of inner decoding the inner codeword. Related systems are also discussed.
摘要:
Cyclic lactam peptides are disclosed which inhibit at various levels of antagonism the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R), melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), and Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC5R).