公开(公告)号：US06833019B1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-21

申请号：US10355066

申请日：2003-01-31

Applicant: David Lewis, III ,  Ralph W. Bruce ,  Arne W. Fliflet ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Lynn K. Kurihara

Inventor： David Lewis, III ,  Ralph W. Bruce ,  Arne W. Fliflet ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Lynn K. Kurihara

IPC: B22F924

CPC classification number: C22B5/20 ,  B22F1/0018 ,  B22F9/24 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C22B4/00 ,  C22B5/00 ,  C22B15/00 ,  C22B23/065 ,  C30B7/005 ,  C30B29/02 ,  C30B29/60 ,  B22F2202/11

Abstract: A method of forming a nanocrystalline metal, comprising the steps of: providing a reaction mixture comprising a metal precursor and an alcohol solvent; continuously flowing the reaction mixture through a reactor; applying microwave or millimeter-wave energy to the reaction mixture; wherein the microwave or millimeter-wave energy is localized to the vicinity of the reaction mixture; and heating the reaction mixture with the microwave or millimeter-wave energy so that the alcohol solvent reduces the metal precursor to a metal; wherein the heating occurs in the reactor.

Abstract translation: 一种形成纳米晶体金属的方法，包括以下步骤：提供包含金属前体和醇溶剂的反应混合物; 使反应混合物连续流过反应器; 向反应混合物施加微波或毫米波能量; 其中微波或毫米波能量定位于反应混合物附近; 并用微波或毫米波能量加热反应混合物，使得醇溶剂将金属前体还原成金属; 其中加热发生在反应器中。

公开(公告)号：US4644548A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-17

申请号：US573751

申请日：1984-01-25

Applicant: Steven H. Gold ,  Henry P. Freund

Inventor： Steven H. Gold ,  Henry P. Freund

IPC: H01S3/09 ,  H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/0903

Abstract: A free electron laser for emitting coherent radiation. The laser includes a wiggler magnet for producing a spatially periodic magnetic field in a drift region into which relativistic electrons are injected in a predetermined direction. An axial magnet is provided which generates an axial magnetic field parallel to the above predetermined direction. The axial field is tapered in field strength within a uniform wiggler region, wherein the wiggler field is of uniform and constant magnitude, such that the tapered field acts to oppose the change in axial electron velocity resulting from the free electron laser interaction as electrons travel through the drift region. The tapered axial field acts to enhance power output and efficiency.

Abstract translation: 用于发射相干辐射的自由电子激光器。 激光器包括用于在漂移区域中产生空间周期性磁场的摆动磁体，向相对论电子沿预定方向注入。 提供一种产生平行于上述预定方向的轴向磁场的轴向磁体。 轴向场在均匀摆动区域内的场强度逐渐变细，其中摆动场具有均匀和恒定的幅度，使得锥形磁场用于抵抗由于电子穿过的自由电子激光相互作用而产生的轴向电子速度的变化 漂移区域。 锥形轴向场作用是提高功率输出和效率。

公开(公告)号：US08564224B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-22

申请号：US13109131

申请日：2011-05-17

Applicant: Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

Inventor： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

IPC: H01J23/06 ,  H01J3/14

CPC classification number: H01J23/06

Abstract: An electron injector including an electron source and a conducting grid situated close to the electron source, one or more RF accelerating/bunching cavities operating at the same fundamental RF frequency; a DC voltage source configured to bias the cathode at a small positive voltage with respect to the grid; a first RF drive configured to apply an RF signal between the cathode and grid at the fundamental and third harmonic RF frequencies; and a second RF drive configured to apply an RF drive signal to the accelerating/bunching cavities. Electrons are emitted by the cathode and travel through the grid to the accelerating/bunching cavities for input into an RF linac. The first RF drive applies a first RF drive signal at the fundamental frequency of the linac plus higher harmonics thereof to the gap between the cathode and the grid to cause the emitted electrons to form electron bunches and the second RF drive applies a second RF drive signal to the accelerating/bunching cavities on the other side of the grid to further accelerate and optimize the size of the electron bunches. Because the applied RF signals contain at the fundamental linac frequency, the electrons are bunched at that frequency and each RF bucket of the linac is filled with an electron bunch.

Abstract translation: 一种电子注入器，包括靠近电子源的电子源和导电栅格，在相同的基本RF频率下工作的一个或多个RF加速/聚束腔; DC电压源，被配置为相对于所述栅极以小的正电压偏压所述阴极; 第一RF驱动器，被配置为在所述基极和三次谐波RF频率处在所述阴极和电网之间施加RF信号; 以及被配置为将RF驱动信号施加到加速/聚束空腔的第二RF驱动器。 电子由阴极发射并通过栅格传播到加速/聚束腔，以输入到RF线性加速器。 第一RF驱动器将线性加速器的基频加上其高次谐波的第一RF驱动信号施加到阴极和栅格之间的间隙，以使发射的电子形成电子束，并且第二RF驱动器施加第二RF驱动信号 到网格另一侧的加速/聚束腔，以进一步加速和优化电子束的尺寸。 因为所施加的RF信号包含基线频率，所以电子以该频率聚束，并且直线加速器的每个RF桶被电子束填充。

公开(公告)号：US5038077A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-06

申请号：US304442

申请日：1989-01-31

Applicant: Steven H. Gold ,  Arne W. Fliflet

Inventor： Steven H. Gold ,  Arne W. Fliflet

IPC: H01J23/20 ,  H01J25/02

CPC classification number: H01J23/20 ,  H01J25/025

Abstract: A gyroklystron device includes an electron beam source, a plurality of bunching cavities and an output cavity. A first bunching cavity has an input coupling aperture for receiving an rf signal from an rf signal injecting source. Each of the bunching cavities has a first pair of substantially uniform-angle slots of a preselected angle, which are diametrically opposed, and extend axially, parallel to the direction of the electron beam and extend into drift regions on both sides of the cavities. The first pair of slots control the Q of a desired mode and higher order modes. A second and third pair of slots are diametrically opposed and extend axially, parallel to the direction of the first pair of slots, but are rotated 90 degrees circumferentially from the first pair of slots. These slots control the axial profile of any mode that leaks out beyond the desired mode and control the length of field interaction with the electron beam. The second and third pair of slots begin in the walls of drift regions just beyond the first pair of slots, and have a preselected angle at their beginning and the angle increases in size along an axial distance away from the cavities. An outer vacuum jacket lined with rf absorbing material is also included such that rf energy leaving through the slots will not return.

Abstract translation: 陀螺仪器件包括电子束源，多个聚束腔和输出腔。 第一聚束腔具有用于从射频信号注入源接收rf信号的输入耦合孔。 每个聚束空腔具有预定角度的第一对基本上均匀的角度的槽，它们在径向上相对并且轴向延伸，平行于电子束的方向并且延伸到空腔两侧的漂移区域中。 第一对插槽控制所需模式和更高阶模式的Q。 第二和第三对狭槽在径向上相对并且沿轴向延伸，平行于第一对槽的方向，但是与第一对狭槽周向旋转90度。 这些槽控制任何泄漏超出所需模式的模式的轴向分布，并控制与电子束的场相互作用的长度。 第二和第三对狭槽从漂浮区域的壁开始，刚好在第一对槽之外，并且在其开始处具有预选的角度，并且沿距离空腔的轴向距离的角度增加。 还包括衬有rf吸收材料的外部真空夹套，使得通过狭槽离开的rf能量将不会返回。

公开(公告)号：USH370H

公开(公告)日：1987-11-03

申请号：US937801

申请日：1986-12-01

Applicant: Steven H. Gold

Inventor： Steven H. Gold

IPC: H01P1/161 ,  H01P1/17

CPC classification number: H01P1/17 ,  H01P1/161

Abstract: A microwave circular polarizer having two matched waveguide arms with a first arm having a twist in a first rotational sense and with a second arm having a twist in a second (reverse) rotational sense, and a hybrid coupler receiving radiation signals from the two arms. A left-hand 45.degree. twist in one arm and a right-hand 45.degree. twist in the other arm ensure that orthogonal linearly polarized components of an incident radiation field are combined in the hybrid coupler so as to direct a right circularly polarized signal out of one of the remaining ports of the hybrid coupler, and to direct a left circularly polarized signal from the other remaining port of the hybrid coupler.

公开(公告)号：US20110304283A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-15

申请号：US13109131

申请日：2011-05-17

Applicant: Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

Inventor： Phillip A. Sprangle ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Antonio C. Ting ,  Joseph R. Penano ,  Daniel F. Gordon ,  Bahman Hafizi

IPC: H01J23/06 ,  H01J3/14

CPC classification number: H01J23/06

Abstract: An electron injector including an electron source and a conducting grid situated close to the electron source, one or more RF accelerating/bunching cavities operating at the same fundamental RF frequency; a DC voltage source configured to bias the cathode at a small positive voltage with respect to the grid; a first RF drive configured to apply an RF signal between the cathode and grid at the fundamental and third harmonic RF frequencies; and a second RF drive configured to apply an RF drive signal to the accelerating/bunching cavities. Electrons are emitted by the cathode and travel through the grid to the accelerating/bunching cavities for input into an RF linac. The first RF drive applies a first RF drive signal at the fundamental frequency of the linac plus higher harmonics thereof to the gap between the cathode and the grid to cause the emitted electrons to form electron bunches and the second RF drive applies a second RF drive signal to the accelerating/bunching cavities on the other side of the grid to further accelerate and optimize the size of the electron bunches. Because the applied RF signals contain at the fundamental linac frequency, the electrons are bunched at that frequency and each RF bucket of the linac is filled with an electron bunch.

Abstract translation: 一种电子注入器，包括靠近电子源的电子源和导电栅格，在相同的基本RF频率下工作的一个或多个RF加速/聚束腔; DC电压源，被配置为相对于所述栅极以小的正电压偏压所述阴极; 第一RF驱动器，被配置为在所述基极和三次谐波RF频率处在所述阴极和电网之间施加RF信号; 以及被配置为将RF驱动信号施加到加速/聚束空腔的第二RF驱动器。 电子由阴极发射并通过栅格传播到加速/聚束腔，以输入到RF线性加速器。 第一RF驱动器将线性加速器的基频加上其高次谐波的第一RF驱动信号施加到阴极和栅格之间的间隙，以使发射的电子形成电子束，并且第二RF驱动器施加第二RF驱动信号 到网格另一侧的加速/聚束腔，以进一步加速和优化电子束的尺寸。 因为所施加的RF信号包含基线频率，所以电子以该频率聚束，并且直线加速器的每个RF桶被电子束填充。

公开(公告)号：US07022198B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-04

申请号：US10672271

申请日：2003-09-26

Applicant: Ralph W. Bruce ,  David Lewis, III ,  Manfred Kahn ,  Arne W. Fliflet ,  Steven H. Gold

Inventor： Ralph W. Bruce ,  David Lewis, III ,  Manfred Kahn ,  Arne W. Fliflet ,  Steven H. Gold

IPC: C04B37/00 ,  B32B37/06

CPC classification number: C04B37/005 ,  B32B2315/02 ,  C04B35/64 ,  C04B2235/665 ,  C04B2235/667 ,  C04B2237/10 ,  C04B2237/343 ,  H05B6/80

Abstract: A method for joining similar materials to create multi-component assemblies so the joint materials share similar physical, chemical, and electrical characteristics with the base materials. The method includes aligning the materials, applying joining material, focusing a microwave beam on the joint area to initially heat the joint area to allow the joining material to soften and fill physical discontinuities while the surrounding surfaces remains cool, rapidly heating the joint area to the reactive area of the joining material, rapidly cooling the joint area and maintaining the joint area at a recrystallization temperature. The materials can be ceramics such as aluminum oxide.

Abstract translation: 用于连接类似材料以产生多组分组件的方法，使得接合材料与基材共享相似的物理，化学和电学特性。 该方法包括对准材料，施加接合材料，将微波束聚焦在接合区域上，以最初加热接合区域，以允许接合材料软化并填充物理不连续性，同时周围表面保持冷却，将接头区域快速加热至 接合材料的反应面积，快速冷却接合面积，并将接合面积维持在再结晶温度。 该材料可以是诸如氧化铝的陶瓷。

公开(公告)号：USH1847H

公开(公告)日：2000-04-04

申请号：US594557

申请日：1996-01-31

Applicant: Arne W. Fliflet ,  Steven H. Gold

Inventor： Arne W. Fliflet ,  Steven H. Gold

IPC: H01J25/78

CPC classification number: H01J25/78

Abstract: A high power, highly efficient, phase-stable frequency-multiplying magnicon microwave amplifier is disclosed having efficiencies that exceed 60%. The magnicon amplifier has an output cavity that receives an electron beam that is deflection modulated by the drive, gain and penultimate cavities of the magnicon amplifier. The output cavity is dimensioned so as to operate in a TM.sub.m10 mode, where m is an even integer greater than two. The output cavity is selected to preferably have an operating frequency f.sub.o which is twice the cyclotron frequency f.sub.c of the output cavity.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高功率，高效，相位稳定的倍频放大器，其效率超过60％。 磁极放大器具有一个输出腔，该输出腔接受一个电子束，该电子束由该磁极放大器的驱动，增益和倒数第二个腔进行偏转调制。 输出腔的尺寸设计为在TMm10模式下工作，其中m是大于2的偶数整数。 输出腔被选择为优选地具有为输出腔的回旋加速器频率fc的两倍的工作频率fo。

公开(公告)号：US4779277A

公开(公告)日：1988-10-18

申请号：US473411

申请日：1983-03-09

Applicant: Avraham Gover ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Victor L. Granatstein

Inventor： Avraham Gover ,  Steven H. Gold ,  Victor L. Granatstein

IPC: H01S3/09 ,  H01S1/00

CPC classification number: H01S3/0903

Abstract: A free electron laser for use with a short-pulse relativistic electron source. The device includes a resonant optical cavity in which a spatially-periodic magnetic field is produced by a wiggle magnet assembly. An input optical beam having a wavelength lying within the gate bandwidth of the free electron laser interaction is injected into the cavity. A beam of relativistic electrons produced by a short-pulse source, such as an RF-linac, is injected into the cavity. The electron beam and the input optical beam interact under the influence of the magnetic field to amplify the input optical beam.

Abstract translation: 一种用于短脉冲相对论电子源的自由电子激光器。 该器件包括谐振光学腔，其中空间周期性磁场由摆动磁体组件产生。 将具有位于自由电子激光器相互作用的栅极带宽内的波长的输入光束注入空腔中。 由短脉冲源（例如RF-线性加速器）产生的相对论电子束注入空腔。 电子束和输入光束在磁场的影响下相互作用，以放大输入光束。