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    Bio-electrochemically assisted microbial reactor that generates hydrogen gas and methods of generating hydrogen gas
    2.
    发明授权
    Bio-electrochemically assisted microbial reactor that generates hydrogen gas and methods of generating hydrogen gas 有权
    产生氢气的生物电化学辅助微生物反应器和产生氢气的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07709113B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-04

    申请号：US12360708

    申请日：2009-01-27

    申请人： Bruce Logan ,  Stephen Grot ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Hong Liu

    发明人： Bruce Logan ,  Stephen Grot ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Hong Liu

    IPC分类号： H01M8/16

    CPC分类号： C25B9/00 ,  C02F3/005 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46161 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C25B1/02 ,  H01M8/16 ,  H01M8/186 ,  Y02E60/527 ,  Y02E60/528 ,  Y02W10/37

    摘要： Systems and processes for producing hydrogen using bacteria are described. One detailed process for producing hydrogen uses a system for producing hydrogen as described herein, the system including a reactor. Anodophilic bacteria are disposed within the interior of the reactor and an organic material oxidizable by an oxidizing activity of the anodophilic bacteria is introduced and incubated under oxidizing reactions conditions such that electrons are produced and transferred to the anode. A power source is activated to increase a potential between the anode and the cathode, such that electrons and protons combine to produce hydrogen gas. In one system for producing hydrogen is provided which includes a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reactor and an exterior of the reaction chamber. An anode is provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber and a cathode is also provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber. The cathode is spaced apart at a distance in the range between 0.1-100 centimeters, inclusive, from the anode. A conductive conduit for electrons is provided which is in electrical communication with the anode and the cathode and a power source for enhancing an electrical potential between the anode and cathode is included which is in electrical communication at least with the cathode. A first channel defining a passage from the exterior of the reaction chamber to the interior of the reaction chamber is also included.

    摘要翻译： 描述了使用细菌产生氢的系统和方法。 用于生产氢的一个详细的方法使用如本文所述的用于生产氢的系统，该系统包括反应器。 将嗜盐细菌置于反应器的内部，并引入可通过阳极细菌的氧化活性氧化的有机物质，并在氧化反应条件下孵育，使得产生电子并转移至阳极。 激活电源以增加阳极和阴极之间的电位，使得电子和质子组合以产生氢气。 提供了一种用于生产氢的系统，其包括具有限定反应器内部的壁和反应室的外部的反应室。 提供了至少部分地包含在反应室内部的阳极，还提供了至少部分地包含在反应室内部的阴极。 阴极与阳极之间的距离在0.1-100厘米的范围内间隔开。 提供用于电子的导电导管，其与阳极和阴极电连通，并且包括用于增强阳极和阴极之间的电位的电源，其至少与阴极电连通。 还包括限定从反应室的外部到反应室内部的通道的第一通道。

    Method for selective internal platinization of porous aluminosilicates
    4.
    发明授权
    Method for selective internal platinization of porous aluminosilicates 失效
    多孔铝硅酸盐选择性内部镀铂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4912072A

    公开(公告)日：1990-03-27

    申请号：US260931

    申请日：1988-10-21

    申请人： Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Lalchan Persaud

    发明人： Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Lalchan Persaud

    IPC分类号： B01J29/068

    CPC分类号： B01J29/068

    摘要： The present invention involves processes for producing zeolite catalyst with an exclusively internal surface platinum coating. In one embodiment, the process of the present invention comprises initially equilibrating zeolite (preferably in powder form) with an organic solution (e.g., dichloromethane) of a neutral organo-platinum compound preferably platinum acetylacetonate. The equilibrated zeolite is then washed to remove externally associated organo-platinum compound. In the preferred procedure here, the solvent is then removed from the washed zeolite. Next, organo-platinum compound contained in the washed zeolite is decomposed, preferably by heating to between about 200.degree. C. and about 300.degree. C. Finally, internally-contained decomposed organo-platinum compound is reduced, preferably by hydrogenolysis, to produce zeolite with an exclusively internal surface platinum coating.Another process for producing internally platinized zeolite catalyst is also part of the present invention. This process comprises initially incubating an aqueous mixture comprising a cationic platinum complex and zeolite powder. A preferred cationic platinum complex is cis-diaquodiammine platinum, although others of analogous structure and properties should be functional. Following separation of the incubated zeolite from the mixture, the zeolite is reacted with a tetraalkylammonium or tetraalkylphosphonium salt. The tetraalkylammonium or tetraalkylphosphonium salt is preferably a halide salt, most preferably tetrabutylammonium bromide. After removing unreacted tetraalkylammonium or tetraalkylphosphonium salt from the zeolite, residual cationic platinum complex in the zeolite is decomposed, preferably by photolysis. Internally contained decomposed platinum complex is then reduced, to produce zeolite with an exclusively internal surface platinum coating.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括用专门的内表面铂涂层生产沸石催化剂的方法。 在一个实施方案中，本发明的方法包括首先使中性有机铂化合物（优选为乙酰丙酰胺）的有机溶液（例如二氯甲烷）平衡沸石（优选粉末形式）。 然后洗涤平衡的沸石以除去外部相关的有机铂化合物。 在这里优选的方法中，然后从洗涤的沸石中除去溶剂。 接下来，洗涤后的沸石中含有的有机铂化合物分解，优选通过加热至约200℃至约300℃。最后，优选通过氢解来还原内含的分解的有机铂化合物以产生沸石 具有专门的内表面铂涂层。 生产内部铂化沸石催化剂的另一种方法也是本发明的一部分。 该方法包括最初孵育包含阳离子铂络合物和沸石粉末的含水混合物。 优选的阳离子铂络合物是顺式二亚氨基二胺铂，尽管其它类似的结构和性质应该是功能性的。 在从混合物中分离孵育的沸石后，沸石与四烷基铵或四烷基鏻盐反应。 四烷基铵或四烷基鏻盐优选为卤化物盐，最优选为四丁基溴化铵。 从沸石中除去未反应的四烷基铵或四烷基鏻盐后，沸石中残留的阳离子铂络合物分解，优选通过光解。 然后将内部含有的分解的铂络合物还原，以产生仅具有内表面铂涂层的沸石。

    BIO-ELECTROCHEMICALLY ASSISTED MICROBIAL REACTOR THAT GENERATES HYDROGEN GAS AND METHODS OF GENERATING HYDROGEN GAS
    8.
    发明申请
    BIO-ELECTROCHEMICALLY ASSISTED MICROBIAL REACTOR THAT GENERATES HYDROGEN GAS AND METHODS OF GENERATING HYDROGEN GAS 有权
    产生氢气的生物电化学微生物反应器和产生氢气的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20090159455A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-06-25

    申请号：US12360708

    申请日：2009-01-27

    申请人： Bruce Logan ,  Stephen Grot ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Hong Liu

    发明人： Bruce Logan ,  Stephen Grot ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Hong Liu

    IPC分类号： C25B1/02

    CPC分类号： C25B9/00 ,  C02F3/005 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46161 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C25B1/02 ,  H01M8/16 ,  H01M8/186 ,  Y02E60/527 ,  Y02E60/528 ,  Y02W10/37

    摘要： Systems and processes for producing hydrogen using bacteria are described. One detailed process for producing hydrogen uses a system for producing hydrogen as described herein, the system including a reactor. Anodophilic bacteria are disposed within the interior of the reactor and an organic material oxidizable by an oxidizing activity of the anodophilic bacteria is introduced and incubated under oxidizing reactions conditions such that electrons are produced and transferred to the anode. A power source is activated to increase a potential between the anode and the cathode, such that electrons and protons combine to produce hydrogen gas. In one system for producing hydrogen is provided which includes a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reactor and an exterior of the reaction chamber. An anode is provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber and a cathode is also provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber. The cathode is spaced apart at a distance in the range between 0.1-100 centimeters, inclusive, from the anode. A conductive conduit for electrons is provided which is in electrical communication with the anode and the cathode and a power source for enhancing an electrical potential between the anode and cathode is included which is in electrical communication at least with the cathode. A first channel defining a passage from the exterior of the reaction chamber to the interior of the reaction chamber is also included.

    摘要翻译： 描述了使用细菌产生氢的系统和方法。 用于生产氢的一个详细的方法使用如本文所述的用于生产氢的系统，该系统包括反应器。 将嗜盐细菌置于反应器的内部，并引入可通过阳极细菌的氧化活性氧化的有机物质，并在氧化反应条件下孵育，使得产生电子并转移至阳极。 激活电源以增加阳极和阴极之间的电位，使得电子和质子组合以产生氢气。 提供了一种用于生产氢的系统，其包括具有限定反应器内部的壁和反应室的外部的反应室。 提供了至少部分地包含在反应室内部的阳极，还提供了至少部分地包含在反应室内部的阴极。 阴极与阳极之间的距离在0.1-100厘米的范围内间隔开。 提供用于电子的导电导管，其与阳极和阴极电连通，并且包括用于增强阳极和阴极之间的电位的电源，其至少与阴极电连通。 还包括限定从反应室的外部到反应室内部的通道的第一通道。

    Autonomous moving microstructures
    9.
    发明授权
    Autonomous moving microstructures 有权
    自主移动微结构

    公开(公告)号：US07516759B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-04-14

    申请号：US10784432

    申请日：2004-02-23

    申请人： Walter Paxton ,  Ayusman Sen ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Jeffrey M. Catchmark

    发明人： Walter Paxton ,  Ayusman Sen ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Jeffrey M. Catchmark

    IPC分类号： F15C1/00 ,  F16H35/00

    CPC分类号： F04B19/006 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  F04C2/18 ,  Y10T74/19 ,  Y10T137/206

    摘要： A microstructure includes a catalyst region, and a non-catalyst region proximate to the catalyst region. The catalyst region induces a chemical reaction of a fluid component when the microstructure is located within a fluid medium containing the fluid component. The chemical reaction induces relative motion between the fluid medium and the microstructure, which can be used to provide, for example, autonomous directional movement, rotation of microgears, microfluidic devices, and novel sensor configurations. In one example, a palladium catalyst is used, and the fluid medium is an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide.

    摘要翻译： 微结构包括催化剂区域和靠近催化剂区域的非催化剂区域。 当微结构位于含有流体组分的流体介质中时，催化剂区域引起流体组分的化学反应。 化学反应引起流体介质和微结构之间的相对运动，其可用于提供例如自主定向运动，微量组件的旋转，微流体装置和新颖的传感器构造。 在一个实例中，使用钯催化剂，并且流体介质是过氧化氢的水溶液。

    Bio-electrochemically assisted microbial reactor that generates hydrogen gas and methods of generating hydrogen gas
    10.
    发明授权
    Bio-electrochemically assisted microbial reactor that generates hydrogen gas and methods of generating hydrogen gas 有权
    产生氢气的生物电化学辅助微生物反应器和产生氢气的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07491453B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-02-17

    申请号：US11180454

    申请日：2005-07-13

    申请人： Bruce Logan ,  Stephen Grot ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Hong Liu

    发明人： Bruce Logan ,  Stephen Grot ,  Thomas E. Mallouk ,  Hong Liu

    IPC分类号： H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/16

    CPC分类号： C25B9/00 ,  C02F3/005 ,  C02F2001/46133 ,  C02F2001/46161 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C25B1/02 ,  H01M8/16 ,  H01M8/186 ,  Y02E60/527 ,  Y02E60/528 ,  Y02W10/37

    摘要： Systems and processes for producing hydrogen using bacteria are described. One detailed process for producing hydrogen uses a system for producing hydrogen as described herein, the system including a reactor. Anodophilic bacteria are disposed within the interior of the reactor and an organic material oxidizable by an oxidizing activity of the anodophilic bacteria is introduced and incubated under oxidizing reactions conditions such that electrons are produced and transferred to the anode. A power source is activated to increase a potential between the anode and the cathode, such that electrons and protons combine to produce hydrogen gas. One system for producing hydrogen includes a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reactor and an exterior of the reaction chamber. An anode is provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber and a cathode is also provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber. The cathode is spaced apart at a distance in the range between 0.1-100 centimeters, inclusive, from the anode. A conductive conduit for electrons is provided which is in electrical communication with the anode and the cathode and a power source for enhancing an electrical potential between the anode and cathode is included which is in electrical communication at least with the cathode. A first channel defining a passage from the exterior of the reaction chamber to the interior of the reaction chamber is also included.

    摘要翻译： 描述了使用细菌产生氢的系统和方法。 用于生产氢的一个详细的方法使用如本文所述的用于生产氢的系统，该系统包括反应器。 将嗜盐细菌置于反应器的内部，并引入可通过阳极细菌的氧化活性氧化的有机物质，并在氧化反应条件下孵育，使得产生电子并转移至阳极。 激活电源以增加阳极和阴极之间的电位，使得电子和质子组合以产生氢气。 一种用于生产氢的系统包括具有限定反应器内部的壁和反应室的外部的反应室。 提供了至少部分地包含在反应室内部的阳极，还提供了至少部分地包含在反应室内部的阴极。 阴极与阳极之间的距离在0.1-100厘米的范围内间隔开。 提供用于电子的导电导管，其与阳极和阴极电连通，并且包括用于增强阳极和阴极之间的电位的电源，其至少与阴极电连通。 还包括限定从反应室的外部到反应室内部的通道的第一通道。