公开(公告)号：US20120225420A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-06

申请号：US13108609

申请日：2011-05-16

Applicant: Tudor D. WILLIAMS ,  Evan Williams

Inventor： Tudor D. WILLIAMS ,  Evan Williams

IPC: C12Q3/00

CPC classification number: B09C1/10 ,  B09B1/00 ,  C12M21/04 ,  C12M23/18 ,  C12M23/58 ,  C12M29/26 ,  Y02E50/343

Abstract: The organic material in a landfill's incoming solid waste is converted into a useful biogas (methane). A bio vapor stimulation system comprises components for mixing bacteria and nutrients and for growing bacteria, as well as process sensors, and a delivery system to provide an appropriate balance of: (1) anaerobic bacteria, (2) nutrients, and (3) humidification. Measurements of landfill site conditions, landfill gas, landfill gas condensate for temperature, pH, alkalinity, COD/BOD and gas composition, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), volatile acid concentration, and/or other parameters are used as process control inputs. Based upon these measured indicators of the health and status of the anaerobic bacteria community within the site, various process changes may be administered such as bacteria composition, additives, nutrient composition and quantity, and temperature and ph of the liquid being fed into a carrier gas for site humidification, thereby facilitating a more efficient conversion of organic waste into biogas.

Abstract translation: 垃圾填埋场进入的固体废物中的有机物质转化为有用的沼气（甲烷）。 生物蒸汽刺激系统包括用于混合细菌和营养物并用于生长细菌以及过程传感器和递送系统的组分，以提供适当的平衡：（1）厌氧细菌，（2）营养物和（3）加湿 。 垃圾填埋场条件，填埋气体，填埋气体冷凝物的温度，pH值，碱度，COD / BOD和气体成分，氧化还原电位（ORP），挥发性酸浓度和/或其他参数的测量被用作过程控制输入。 基于这些测量的站点内厌氧细菌群落的健康状况和状况的指标，可以施用各种过程变化，例如细菌组成，添加剂，营养成分和数量，以及进料到载气中的液体的温度和pH 用于现场加湿，从而有助于将有机废物更有效地转化为沼气。

公开(公告)号：US20110108000A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-12

申请号：US13001113

申请日：2009-06-26

Applicant: Tudor D. Williams ,  Evan Williams

Inventor： Tudor D. Williams ,  Evan Williams

IPC: F02B47/02

CPC classification number: F02M25/03 ,  F02B29/0437 ,  F02D19/0644 ,  F02D19/081 ,  F02D41/0025 ,  F02D41/405 ,  F02D2200/0418 ,  F02D2200/704 ,  F02M21/0215 ,  F02M21/0275 ,  F02M25/0225 ,  F02M25/0227 ,  F02N2200/121 ,  F02N2200/122 ,  Y02T10/32 ,  Y02T10/36 ,  Y02T10/44

Abstract: A water injector has a plug end fitting for installation on the individual combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine of the spark ignition or compression ignition type, though which a quantity of water or other non-fuel fluid is injected into the combustion chamber. The temperature and combustion pressure of each combustion chamber as well as the temperature, pressure and humidity of the atmosphere may be monitored and used to control the quantity of water injected into the combustion chambers such that the engine operates at internal combustion conditions equivalent to those occurring at the standard ISO rated atmospheric conditions and thus delivers its ISO rated output regardless of atmospheric conditions. A nozzle is fitted to the plug end of the water injector containing a plurality of openings to inject the water or other non-fuel fluid into the combustion chamber in a predetermined spatial spray pattern. For spark-ignited engines, a high energy pre-chamber may be integrated with the water injector to facilitate ignition when water is injected into the compression cycle. For Diesel engines, the water injection nozzle may be provided with a spatial spray pattern that complements that of the Diesel injector within the cylinder. Engine efficiency may be further enhanced by using an exhaust heat exchanger to preheat at least some of the fluid being injected into the engine and by combining a first injection of fluid at a lower temperature for controlling combustion and otherwise improving efficiency during the compression stroke with a second injection of fluid at a substantially higher temperature during the expansion stroke for maintaining a high rated output during non ISO conditions.

Abstract translation: 喷水器具有用于安装在火花点火或压缩点火式内燃机的各个燃烧室上的插头端配件，尽管一些水或其它非燃料流体被注入到燃烧室中。 可以监测每个燃烧室的温度和燃烧压力以及大气的温度，压力和湿度，并用于控制注入到燃烧室中的水的量，使得发动机在等于发生的燃烧条件的内燃条件下运行 在标准的ISO额定大气条件下，从而提供其ISO额定输出，而不管大气条件如何。 喷嘴安装在水喷射器的塞头上，该喷头包含多个开口，以预定的空间喷射模式将水或其它非燃料流体喷射到燃烧室中。 对于火花点火的发动机，高能量预燃室可以与水喷射器一体化，以便当水注入压缩循环时便于着火。 对于柴油发动机，注水喷嘴可以设置有与气缸内的柴油喷射器的空间喷雾模式相匹配的空间喷射模式。 通过使用排气热交换器来预热至少部分注入发动机的流体并且通过组合在较低温度下的第一次注入流体来控制燃烧并且另外在压缩冲程期间提高效率，可以进一步提高发动机效率 在膨胀冲程期间以明显更高的温度第二次注入流体，以在非ISO条件下保持高额定输出。