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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5657478A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-12
申请号：US648680
申请日：1996-05-16
申请人： John Recker , Walter Donovan
发明人： John Recker , Walter Donovan
CPC分类号： G09G5/393 , G09G5/399 , G09G2360/121
摘要： A system and method that avoids performance bottlenecks at the host processor while avoiding tearing of the displayed image. In one embodiment, the system is composed of the host processor, a first in first out (FIFO) buffer, a co-processor, multiple frame buffers, a display controller and a display. The host and the co-processor are configured to enable the host to selectively batch graphic commands to the co-processor. The small set of commands provides the flexibility to selectively batch commands and selectively synchronize the host processor to the co-processor.
摘要翻译： 一种避免主机处理器性能瓶颈，同时避免显示图像撕裂的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，系统由主处理器，先进先出（FIFO）缓冲器，协处理器，多帧缓冲器，显示控制器和显示器组成。 主机和协处理器被配置为使主机能够选择性地将图形命令批处理到协处理器。 一小组命令提供了选择性批处理命令并选择性地将主机处理器同步到协处理器的灵活性。
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公开(公告)号：US20060028482A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-09
申请号：US10912419
申请日：2004-08-04
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/04 , G06T2200/28
摘要： Floating-point texture filtering units leverage existing fixed-point filter circuits. Groups of floating-point texture values are converted to products of a fixed-point mantissa and a scaling factor that is the same for each texture value in the group. The fixed-point mantissas are filtered using a fixed-point filter circuit, and the filtered mantissa is combined with the scaling factor to determine a floating-point filtered value. Multiple floating-point filter results may be combined in a floating-point accumulator circuit. The same fixed-point filter circuit may also be used to filter fixed-point texture data by providing fixed-point input path that bypasses the format conversion and a fixed-point accumulator.
摘要翻译： 浮点纹理过滤单元利用现有的定点滤波电路。 浮点纹理值组被转换为固定点尾数的乘积和对组中每个纹理值相同的缩放因子。 使用定点滤波器电路对定点尾数进行滤波，并将滤波尾数与缩放因子组合以确定浮点滤波值。 多个浮点滤波器结果可以组合在浮点累加器电路中。 也可以使用相同的定点滤波器电路来通过提供绕过格式转换的定点输入路径和定点累加器来对定点纹理数据进行滤波。
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公开(公告)号：US20050219256A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-06
申请号：US10812492
申请日：2004-03-30
申请人： Walter Donovan , Paul Heckbert
发明人： Walter Donovan , Paul Heckbert
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/04
摘要： Shortening a footprint is a technique to reduce the number of texture samples anisotropically filtered to determine a texture value associated with a graphics fragment. Reducing the number of texture samples anisotropically filtered reduces the number of texture samples read and simplifies the filter computation. Programmable knobs are used to shorten the footprint of a pixel in texture space thereby reducing the number of texture samples used during anisotropic filtering. These knobs permit a user to determine a balance between improved texture map performance and anisotropic texture filtering quality.
摘要翻译： 减少占位面积是减少各向异性过滤以确定与图形片段相关联的纹理值的纹理样本数量的技术。 减少各向异性滤波的纹理样本数减少了读取的纹理样本的数量，并简化了滤波器计算。 可编程旋钮用于缩短纹理空间中像素的占地面积，从而减少各向异性过滤期间使用的纹理样本数。 这些旋钮允许用户确定改进的纹理贴图性能和各向异性纹理过滤质量之间的平衡。
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公开(公告)号：US06333744B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-25
申请号：US09273975
申请日：1999-03-22
申请人： David B. Kirk , Matthew Papakipos , Shaun Ho , Walter Donovan , Curtis Priem
发明人： David B. Kirk , Matthew Papakipos , Shaun Ho , Walter Donovan , Curtis Priem
IPC分类号： G06T120
CPC分类号： G06T15/005
摘要： A graphics pipeline including a rasterizing stage producing diffuse color values; a plurality of texture stages producing texture values defining a particular texture; a combiner stage for combining four of a plurality of selectable input values including diffuse color values, texture values furnished by a plurality of texture stages, and proportions for combination of the selectable input values; the combiner stage being capable of providing a result equivalent to a sum of products of any two sets of input values, and a product of two input values.
摘要翻译： 包括产生漫射色值的光栅化阶段的图形管线; 多个纹理阶段产生定义特定纹理的纹理值; 组合器级，用于组合多个可选输入值中的四个，包括漫射色值，由多个纹理阶段提供的纹理值，以及用于组合可选择输入值的比例; 组合器级能够提供相当于任意两组输入值的乘积之和的结果，以及两个输入值的乘积。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06628290B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09677941
申请日：2000-10-02
申请人： David B. Kirk , Gopal Solanki , Curtis Priem , Walter Donovan , Joe L. Yeun
发明人： David B. Kirk , Gopal Solanki , Curtis Priem , Walter Donovan , Joe L. Yeun
IPC分类号： G06T120
CPC分类号： G06T15/005
摘要： A method and graphics accelerator apparatus for pipelined generation of output values for a sequence of pixels, with generation of output values for each of at least two textured pixels during each pipeline clock interval. The apparatus includes a combiner stage capable of producing output values during each clock interval of the pipeline, wherein the output values are indicative of a blend of a plurality of textures with a single pixel when the combiner stage operates in a first mode, and the output values are indicative of a blend of an individual texture with two pixels when the combiner stage operates in a second mode.
摘要翻译： 一种用于流水线生成像素序列的输出值的方法和图形加速器装置，在每个流水线时钟间隔期间产生至少两个纹理像素中的每一个的输出值。 该装置包括能够在流水线的每个时钟间隔期间产生输出值的组合器级，其中当组合器级在第一模式下操作时，输出值指示多个纹理与单个像素的混合，并且输出 当组合器级在第二模式下操作时，值表示具有两个像素的个体纹理的混合。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07649538B1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-19
申请号：US11556674
申请日：2006-11-03
申请人： Alexander L. Minkin , Joel J. McCormack , Paul S. Heckbert , Michael J. M. Toksvig , Luke Y. Chang , Karim Abdalla , Bo Hong , John W. Berendsen , Walter Donovan , Emmett M. Kilgariff
发明人： Alexander L. Minkin , Joel J. McCormack , Paul S. Heckbert , Michael J. M. Toksvig , Luke Y. Chang , Karim Abdalla , Bo Hong , John W. Berendsen , Walter Donovan , Emmett M. Kilgariff
CPC分类号： G06T1/60 , G06F3/14 , G06T15/04 , G06T2200/28 , G09G5/026 , G09G5/22 , G09G5/363 , G09G5/393 , G09G5/395 , G09G2360/06 , G09G2360/121 , G09G2360/18
摘要： Circuits, methods, and apparatus that provide texture caches and related circuits that store and retrieve texels in a fast and efficient manner. One such texture circuit provides an increased number of bilerps for each pixel in a group of pixels, particularly when trilinear or aniso filtering is needed. For trilinear filtering, texels in a first and second level of detail are retrieved for a number of pixels during a clock cycle. When aniso filtering is performed, multiple bilerps can be retrieved for each of a number of pixels during one clock cycle.
摘要翻译： 提供纹理缓存和相关电路的电路，方法和装置，以快速和有效的方式存储和检索纹素。 一个这样的纹理电路为一组像素中的每个像素提供了更多数量的iler骨，特别是当需要三线性或茴香过滤时。 对于三线性滤波，在一个时钟周期内针对多个像素检索第一和第二细节级别的纹素。 当执行了茴香过滤时，可以在一个时钟周期内为多个像素中的每一个检索多个b骨。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07301542B1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US10954548
申请日：2004-09-29
CPC分类号： G09G5/395 , G06T5/20 , G09G5/391 , G09G2340/02
摘要： A graphics processing system performs filtering of oversampled data during a scanout operation. Sample values are read from an oversampled frame buffer and filtered during scanout; the filtered color values (one per pixel) are provided to a display device without an intervening step of storing the filtered data in a frame buffer. In one embodiment, the filtering circuit includes a memory interface configured to read data values corresponding to sample points from a frame buffer containing the oversampled data; and a filter configured to receive the data values provided by the memory interface, to compute a pixel value from the data values, and to transmit the pixel value for displaying by a display device, wherein the filter computes the pixel value during a scanout operation.
摘要翻译： 图形处理系统在扫描输出操作期间对过采样数据执行滤波。 从过采样帧缓冲区中读取采样值，并在扫描期间进行滤波; 滤波后的颜色值（每像素一个）被提供给显示设备，而没有将经滤波的数据存储在帧缓冲器中的中间步骤。 在一个实施例中，滤波电路包括被配置为从包含过采样数据的帧缓冲器读取对应于采样点的数据值的存储器接口; 以及滤波器，被配置为接收由所述存储器接口提供的数据值，以从所述数据值计算像素值，并且传输所述像素值以供显示设备显示，其中，所述滤波器在扫描输出操作期间计算所述像素值。
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公开(公告)号：US20070017461A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-25
申请号：US10545679
申请日：2004-02-17
申请人： Daniel Jesel , Walter Donovan
发明人： Daniel Jesel , Walter Donovan
CPC分类号： F01L1/08 , F01L1/46 , F01L2810/03 , F01L2820/01 , Y10T29/49293
摘要： A camshaft for an internal combustion engine includes a cam lobe for actuating a valve. The cam lobe has an opening ramp profile that acts to loft the valve gear away from contact with the cam lobe to a maximum lift of the valve, with the valve gear returning to contact with a closing ramp of the cam lobe sufficiently in advance of a minimum cam lobe closing ramp height so as to dissipate enough closing energy of the valve to minimize valve bounce after the valve contacts a corresponding valve seat.
摘要翻译： 用于内燃机的凸轮轴包括用于致动阀的凸轮凸角。 凸轮凸角具有开口斜面轮廓，其作用是使阀齿轮脱离与凸轮凸角的接触，使其达到阀的最大提升，同时阀齿轮返回到凸轮凸角的闭合斜面以在其前面充分地接触 最小凸轮凸角闭合斜坡高度，以便消散阀的足够的关闭能量，以在阀接触相应的阀座之后最小化阀弹跳。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06870542B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-22
申请号：US10187111
申请日：2002-06-28
CPC分类号： G09G5/395 , G06T5/20 , G09G5/391 , G09G2340/02
摘要： A graphics processing system performs filtering of oversampled data during a scanout operation. Sample values are read from an oversampled frame buffer and filtered during scanout; the filtered color values (one per pixel) are provided to a display device without an intervening step of storing the filtered data in a frame buffer. In one embodiment, the filtering circuit includes a memory interface configured to read data values corresponding to sample points from a frame buffer containing the oversampled data; and a filter configured to receive the data values provided by the memory interface, to compute a pixel value from the data values, and to transmit the pixel value for displaying by a display device, wherein the filter computes the pixel value during a scanout operation.
摘要翻译： 图形处理系统在扫描输出操作期间对过采样数据执行滤波。 从过采样帧缓冲区中读取采样值，并在扫描期间进行滤波; 滤波后的颜色值（每像素一个）被提供给显示设备，而没有将经滤波的数据存储在帧缓冲器中的中间步骤。 在一个实施例中，滤波电路包括被配置为从包含过采样数据的帧缓冲器读取对应于采样点的数据值的存储器接口; 以及滤波器，被配置为接收由所述存储器接口提供的数据值，以从所述数据值计算像素值，并且传输所述像素值以供显示设备显示，其中，所述滤波器在扫描输出操作期间计算所述像素值。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06181352B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09273826
申请日：1999-03-22
申请人： David B. Kirk , Gopal Solanki , Curtis Priem , Walter Donovan , Joe L. Yeun
发明人： David B. Kirk , Gopal Solanki , Curtis Priem , Walter Donovan , Joe L. Yeun
IPC分类号： G06T120
CPC分类号： G06T15/005
摘要： A graphics accelerator pipeline including a combiner stage capable of producing output values during each clock interval of the pipeline which map a plurality of textures to a single pixel or an individual texture to two pixels.
摘要翻译： 一种图形加速器流水线，其包括能够在流水线的每个时钟间隔期间产生输出值的组合器级，其将多个纹理映射到单个像素或单个纹理到两个像素。
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