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公开(公告)号：US5865753A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US863983
申请日：1997-05-27
申请人： Walter S. Friauf
发明人： Walter S. Friauf
CPC分类号： G01S7/52026 , A61B8/08 , G01S7/52033
摘要： An ultrasound imaging system that utilizes a short sinusoidal pulse burst for excitation, and performs coherent detection of the reflected signal, resulting in improved signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, the polarity of the rate of change of parameters, principally density, is preserved by the coherent detection. This allows a density versus distance signal to be reconstructed by integrating the coherently detected signal. The system includes components to calculate and apply all necessary phase corrections.
摘要翻译： 超声成像系统利用短的正弦脉冲脉冲进行激励，并对反射信号进行相干检测，从而提高了信噪比。 另外，通过相干检测来保留参数变化率（主要是密度）的极性。 这允许通过对相干检测信号进行积分来重建密度对距离信号。 该系统包括计算和应用所有必要的相位校正的组件。
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公开(公告)号：US5505687A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-09
申请号：US395005
申请日：1995-02-27
CPC分类号： A61B18/24 , A61N5/0601
摘要： An obturator for measuring incident light in a remote situs such as a body cavity which includes a treatment tubular member through which light is delivered to the remote situs and one or more auxiliary tubular members through which incident light in the remote situs is transmitted to an external light detector. The treatment and auxiliary tubular members are attached to a connector element which is in turn connected to a cystoscope lens port. The treatment and auxiliary tubular members are aligned off-center with respect to the central axis of the obturator so that a cystoscope lens can be inserted in the lens port and pass through the axial center of the obturator. Each auxiliary tubular member receives incident light from a different portion of the remote situs. The apparatus is particularly useful for conducting phototherapy in body cavities and has been demonstrated in the phototherapy treatment of superficial cancer in the bladder.
摘要翻译： 用于测量诸如体腔的远程位置中的入射光的闭孔器，其包括处理管状构件，光通过该管状构件传送到远程位置，以及一个或多个辅助管状构件，通过该一个或多个辅助管状构件将远程位置的入射光透射到外部 光检测器 治疗和辅助管状构件附接到连接器元件，该连接器元件又连接到膀胱镜透镜端口。 处理和辅助管状构件相对于闭孔器的中心轴线偏离中心，使得可以将透镜端口中的透镜镜头插入并穿过闭塞器的轴向中心。 每个辅助管状构件接收来自远程位置的不同部分的入射光。 该装置对于在体腔中进行光疗特别有用，并已在膀胱中浅层癌症的光疗治疗中得到证实。
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公开(公告)号：US4398101A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-09
申请号：US222936
申请日：1981-01-06
申请人： Walter S. Friauf
发明人： Walter S. Friauf
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985
摘要： A gamma ray scintillation coincidence detection circuit having four inputs connected to two gating configurations, fed by gamma ray detector units. Detection in any one of the four inputs develops a disabling signal in one signal path leading to an AND gate. Detection in any two of the four inputs results in a system output in another signal path. When any input goes high, the AND gate is disabled after a predetermined settable time delay T. If a second input goes high before the expiration of the delay time T, then the signal in the other path can pass through the AND gate and sets a latch, signifying that detector coincidence has occurred.
摘要翻译： 具有四个输入的伽马射线闪烁符合检测电路，其连接到由伽马射线检测器单元馈电的两个选通配置。 在四个输入中的任何一个中的检测在一个通向与门的信号路径中产生禁用信号。 在四个输入中的任何两个中的检测导致在另一个信号路径中的系统输出。 当任何输入变高时，在预定的可设定的时间延迟T之后，与门被禁止。如果在延迟时间T到期之前第二个输入变为高电平，则另一路径中的信号可以通过与门并设置 锁定，表示检测器重合已发生。
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公开(公告)号：US5295746A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-22
申请号：US831603
申请日：1992-02-05
CPC分类号： G01K3/14 , G01N25/482
摘要： A high resolution digital thermometer capable of measuring temperature differences on the order of several micro-degrees centigrade. The device includes a bridge circuit having two thermistors in series. An output of the bridge circuit feeds a signal to an analog-to-digital convertor via a high gain amplifier. A computer maintains the balance of the bridge circuit to avoid a situation wherein the range of the analog-to-digital convertor would be exceeded.
摘要翻译： 一种高分辨率数字温度计，能够测量几微米级的温差。 该装置包括具有串联的两个热敏电阻的桥接电路。 桥式电路的输出通过高增益放大器将信号馈送到模拟 - 数字转换器。 计算机保持桥接电路的平衡，以避免超过模数转换器的范围的情况。
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公开(公告)号：US4421986A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-20
申请号：US209305
申请日：1980-11-21
申请人： Walter S. Friauf , Rodney A. Brooks
发明人： Walter S. Friauf , Rodney A. Brooks
CPC分类号： G01T1/208
摘要： A discriminator circuit for use with a scintillation detector, wherein the scintillation detector output is fed to a time discriminator and the output of the time discriminator is fed via a short precision delay device to one input terminal of a transmission gate device. The detector output signal is also fed to a fast energy discriminator whose output is furnished as an enable signal to the other input terminal of the transmission gate device, providing time output pulses. Timing pulses from the transmission gate device are furnished to a long non-precision delay device and then to one input terminal of a transmission gate. The detector output signal is also fed through a slow energy discriminator and an enable line to another input terminal of the last-named transmission gate, providing energy output pulses in an energy output line which are furnished to the subsequent portion of the system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于闪烁检测器的识别电路，其中闪烁检测器输出被馈送到时间鉴别器，并且时间鉴别器的输出经由短精度延迟器件馈送到传输门装置的一个输入端。 检测器输出信号也被馈送到快速能量鉴别器，其输出作为使能信号提供给传输门装置的另一个输入端，提供时间输出脉冲。 来自传输门装置的定时脉冲被提供给长非精度延迟装置，然后被提供给传输门的一个输入端。 检测器输出信号还通过慢能量鉴别器和使能线路馈送到最后命名的传输门极的另一个输入端，从而提供能量输出脉冲，该能量输出线路提供给系统的后续部分。
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公开(公告)号：US5435307A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US676581
申请日：1991-03-29
申请人： Walter S. Friauf , Paul D. Smith , John W. Cole , Joseph F. Fessler , Roger E. Solomon , Eric F. Bernstein
发明人： Walter S. Friauf , Paul D. Smith , John W. Cole , Joseph F. Fessler , Roger E. Solomon , Eric F. Bernstein
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0059
摘要： A method of optimizing photodynamic therapy in which retained concentrations of photosensitizers administered are measured on a real time basis by percutaneous measurements of fluorescence. A light weight hand held fluorometer is used to percutaneously measure fluorescence emitted by photosensitizers in a tissue situs that is subject to photodynamic therapy. The use of real time determinations of the concentration of photosensitizers allow optimization of illumination intensity and duration.
摘要翻译： 优化光动力疗法的方法，其中通过经皮测量荧光实时测量所施用的光敏剂的保留浓度。 使用轻量级的手持式荧光计经皮测量经受光动力学治疗的组织部位中的光敏剂发出的荧光。 使用光敏剂浓度的实时测定可以优化照明强度和持续时间。
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公开(公告)号：US5298742A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US21767
申请日：1993-02-24
IPC分类号： A61B17/00 , A61N5/06 , H01L31/0203 , H01L31/0232 , H01J5/02
CPC分类号： H01L31/0203 , A61N5/062 , H01L31/0232 , A61B2017/00057
摘要： A light sensor constructed from a commercial photodiode packaged in a transparent housing of sufficient thickness to set the photodetector away from the underlying surface, thereby reducing the shadowing effects of the photodetector and allowing incident light to pass through the housing to the tissue below. Electrical connections are made directly on the photodiode which is sealed within the transparent housing, thus avoiding electrical shock or short circuit hazards. The transparent package is equipped with four hooks which are well suited for attachment to tissue structure, either directly or with the aid of sutures. In a second embodiment, the light sensor includes a second photodiode mounted within the sealed housing to measure light reflected from the underlying tissue. The light sensor is well suited for use with photodynamic therapy.
摘要翻译： 一种由商业光电二极管构成的光传感器，该光电二极管封装在具有足够厚度的透明外壳中，以将光电检测器设置为远离下面的表面，从而减少光电检测器的阴影效应，并允许入射光通过外壳至下面的组织。 电气连接直接在密封在透明外壳内的光电二极管上，从而避免电击或短路危险。 透明包装配有四个钩子，它们非常适合直接或借助于缝合线连接到组织结构。 在第二实施例中，光传感器包括安装在密封壳体内的第二光电二极管，以测量从下面的组织反射的光。 光传感器非常适合光动力治疗。
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公开(公告)号：US4068310A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-10
申请号：US707759
申请日：1976-07-22
申请人： Walter S. Friauf
发明人： Walter S. Friauf
摘要： A system providing a substantially gapless continuous line display of an analog signal as a function of time on a television monitor. The input is digitized and each level of quantization corresponds to one of the raster display lines to give proper vertical deflection. During each line of raster scan an oscillator and counter sequence the input address to a memory through a desired number of horizontal sampling positions, requiring an address of the order of 8 bits. Each address gives an output of several bits giving in digital form the instantaneous y coordinate of the signal. This is digitally compared with the digitized associated raster line number in a first digital comparator. This is also stored in a register strobed from the above-mentioned counter just before each change of address. The raster line number and the stored previous output are digitally compared in a second digital comparator. If the line number is less than the current trace deflection but greater than the previous deflection, a first AND gate provides an output signal at that instant. Similarly, if the line number is greater than the current trace deflection but less than the previous deflection, a second AND gate provides an output signal. If the current deflection is equal to the line count, this also provides a signal. An OR gate receives these signals, and any one of them will provide a trace-brightening signal at the output of the OR gate. The "equal output" signal is delayed by a time corresponding to 1/2 the horizontal sampling interval to improve the horizontal resolution.
摘要翻译： 一种在电视监视器上提供作为时间的函数的模拟信号的基本无缝连续线显示的系统。 输入被数字化，并且每个级别的量化对应于一个光栅显示线以给出适当的垂直偏转。 在光栅扫描的每一行期间，振荡器和计数器通过所需数量的水平采样位置将输入地址序列到存储器，需要8位数量级的地址。 每个地址给出数字形式的数字形式的信号的瞬时y坐标的输出。 这与第一个数字比较器中的数字化相关的栅格线数进行数字比较。 这也存储在每次更改地址之前从上述计数器选通的寄存器中。 光栅行号和存储的先前输出在第二个数字比较器中进行数字比较。 如果行号小于当前迹线偏转但大于先前偏转，则第一与门在该时刻提供输出信号。 类似地，如果线数大于当前迹线偏转但小于先前偏转，则第二与门提供输出信号。 如果电流偏转等于行数，这也提供了一个信号。 或门接收这些信号，其中任何一个将在或门的输出端提供跟踪增亮信号。 “等输出”信号被延迟一个对应于水平采样间隔1/2的时间，以改善水平分辨率。
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公开(公告)号：US5575751A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US294892
申请日：1994-08-22
CPC分类号： A61B18/24 , A61N5/0601
摘要： A device for measuring incident light in a remote situs such as a body cavity which includes a central tubular member through which light is delivered to the remote situs and one or more auxiliary tubular members through which incident light in the remote situs is transmitted to a light detector. Each auxiliary tubular member receives incident light from a different portion of the remote situs. The apparatus is particularly useful for conducting phototherapy in body cavities and has been demonstrated in the phototherapy treatment of superficial cancer in a bladder.
摘要翻译： 用于测量诸如体腔的远程位置中的入射光的装置，其包括中心管状构件，光通过该中心管状构件传送到远程位置，以及一个或多个辅助管状构件，远程位置中的入射光通过该辅助管状构件传递到光 探测器。 每个辅助管状构件接收来自远程位置的不同部分的入射光。 该装置对于在体腔中进行光疗特别有用，并且已在膀胱中浅层癌症的光疗治疗中得到证实。
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公开(公告)号：US5502386A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-26
申请号：US340100
申请日：1994-11-15
申请人： John Bourg , James Mitchell , Mark Mirotznik , Bradley Roth , Sankaran Subramanian , Murali Cherukuri , Paul G. Zablocky , Thomas J. Pohida , Paul D. Smith , Walter S. Friauf , Rolf G. Tschudin
发明人： John Bourg , James Mitchell , Mark Mirotznik , Bradley Roth , Sankaran Subramanian , Murali Cherukuri , Paul G. Zablocky , Thomas J. Pohida , Paul D. Smith , Walter S. Friauf , Rolf G. Tschudin
CPC分类号： G01R33/60
摘要： An EPR imager and spectrometer includes pulse generating system for generating broadband pulses having an RF carrier frequency that is not highly absorbed by biological samples. The pulse generating system includes up and down chirp convertors for frequency modulating a carrier frequency pulse and compressing the frequency modulated pulse to form a broadband excitation pulse of high energy. Such a machine could form the basis of a clinical imaging device capable of high sensitivity to free radical species in human patients.
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