Examining a gemstone
    1.
    发明授权
    Examining a gemstone 失效
    检查宝石

    公开(公告)号:US4529305A

    公开(公告)日:1985-07-16

    申请号:US395245

    申请日:1982-07-06

    IPC分类号: G01N21/87

    CPC分类号: G01N21/87

    摘要: Method and apparatus for examining a gemstone to determine a parameter thereof. A thin beam of light is projected onto the stone, the beam is moved relative to the stone, the position where the beam strikes the stone is sensed in a direction different from that in which the beam is projected, and a parameter is determined making use of information derived from such sensing.

    摘要翻译: 用于检查宝石以确定其参数的方法和装置。 光束投射到石头上,光束相对于石头移动,光束撞击石头的位置在与投影光束不同的方向上被感测,并且确定使用参数 从这种感知得到的信息。

    Surface erosion using lasers
    2.
    发明授权
    Surface erosion using lasers 失效
    使用激光表面侵蚀

    公开(公告)号:US4941093A

    公开(公告)日:1990-07-10

    申请号:US905156

    申请日:1986-09-09

    摘要: Laser apparatus for eroding a surface comprises means to select and control the shape and size of the area irradiated by each pulse of laser energy without varying the energy density of the beam. By varying the size of the irradiated area between pulses, some regions of the surface may be eroded more than others and so the surface may be reprofiled. The method and apparatus are suitable, inter alia, for removing corneal ulcers and reprofiling the cornea to remove refractive errors and also for reprofiling optical elements. In one embodiment the beam from the laser enters an optical system housed in an articulated arm and terminating in an eyepiece having a suction cup for attachment to an eye. The optical system includes a beam forming arrangement to correct an asymmetric beam cross-section, a first relay telescope, a beam dimensional control system and a second relay telescope. The beam dimension control system has a stop with a shaped window or a shaped stop portion and movable axially along a converging or diverging beam portion. An alternative beam dimension control system has a stop with a shaped window and positioned between coupled zoom systems. Mirrors, adjustable slits and refractive systems may also be used. The laser is preferably an ArF Excimer laser. The apparatus may include a measurement device to measure the surface profile, and a feedback control system to control the laser operation in accordance with the measured and desired profiles.

    摘要翻译: 用于侵蚀表面的激光装置包括用于选择和控制由激光能量的每个脉冲照射的区域的形状和尺寸的装置,而不改变光束的能量密度。 通过改变脉冲之间的照射区域的尺寸,表面的某些区域可能比其他区域更多地腐蚀,因此表面可能被重新构造。 所述方法和装置特别适用于去除角膜溃疡并重新植入角膜以消除屈光不正以及重新生成光学元件。 在一个实施例中,来自激光器的光束进入容纳在铰接臂中的光学系统,并终止于具有用于附接到眼睛的吸盘的目镜中。 光学系统包括用于校正不对称光束横截面的光束形成装置,第一中继望远镜,光束尺寸控制系统和第二中继望远镜。 光束尺寸控制系统具有带有成形窗口或成形止挡部分的止动件,并且沿着会聚或发散的光束部分轴向移动。 一个替代的光束尺寸控制系统具有一个具有成形窗口并且位于耦合变焦系统之间的停止。 还可以使用镜子,可调缝和折射系统。 激光器优选为ArF准分子激光器。 该装置可以包括用于测量表面轮廓的测量装置,以及反馈控制系统,以根据所测量的和期望的轮廓来控制激光器的操作。

    Interferometers
    3.
    发明授权
    Interferometers 失效
    干涉仪

    公开(公告)号:US4802736A

    公开(公告)日:1989-02-07

    申请号:US925806

    申请日:1986-12-11

    IPC分类号: G02B5/32 G11B7/26 G02B27/00

    CPC分类号: G11B7/261 G02B5/32

    摘要: An interferometer which comprises: (1) a single, coherent light source; (2) a first converging lens positioned on the optical axis of said coherent light source; (3) a beam-splitting arrangement positioned on said optical axis and spaced from said first converging lens by a distance greater than the focal length of said lens; (4) a second converging lens positioned on said lens; (4) a second converging lens positioned on said optical axis to receive and to focus the two beams emanating in use from the beam-splitting arrangement; and (5) a mirror arrangement positioned so that the beams focussed by said second converging lens impinge on the mirror system and so that the reflected beams are brought to intersect at a focal point and with a large angle between the principal rays of the two beams.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / GB86 / 00101 Sec。 371日期1986年12月11日第 102(e)日期1986年12月11日PCT提交1986年2月25日PCT公布。 出版物WO86 / 04997 日期:1986年8月28日。一种干涉仪,包括:(1)单个相干光源; (2)位于所述相干光源的光轴上的第一会聚透镜; (3)光束分离装置,其位于所述光轴上并与所述第一会聚透镜间隔大于所述透镜的焦距的距离; (4)位于所述透镜上的第二会聚透镜; (4)位于所述光轴上的第二会聚透镜,用于接收和聚焦在使用中从分束装置发出的两束光束; 和(5)反射镜装置,其被定位成使得由所述第二会聚透镜聚焦的光束撞击在镜子系统上,并且使得反射光束在焦点处相交并且在两个光束的主光线之间以大的角度相交 。