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公开(公告)号：US20110036121A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-17
申请号：US12540903
申请日：2009-08-13
CPC分类号： F25J1/0022 , F25J1/005 , F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0204 , F25J1/025 , F25J1/0265 , F25J1/0279 , F25J2210/06 , F25J2220/44 , F25J2220/62 , F25J2270/16
摘要： A system and method for removal of a contaminant comprising removing a liquefied portion of a refrigerant stream comprising nitrogen from a reverse Brayton cycle refrigerant system, introducing the liquefied refrigerant stream into a contaminant removal column as a reflux stream removing a contaminant stream from the bottom of the contaminant removal column, removing a vapor stream enriched in nitrogen from the top of the contaminant removal column, and introducing the vapor stream enriched in nitrogen back into the reverse Brayton cycle refrigerant system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于去除污染物的系统和方法，包括从反向布雷顿循环制冷剂系统中除去包含氮气的制冷剂流的液化部分，将液化的制冷剂流作为回流流引入污染物去除塔，从其底部除去污染物流 污染物去除塔，从污染物去除塔的顶部除去富含氮气的蒸气流，并将富含氮气的蒸汽流引回到反向布雷顿循环制冷剂系统中。
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公开(公告)号：US20080314079A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-25
申请号：US11764975
申请日：2007-06-19
申请人： Adam Adrian Brostow
发明人： Adam Adrian Brostow
IPC分类号： F25J3/00
CPC分类号： F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0257 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/40 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2215/04 , F25J2235/60 , F25J2240/30 , F25J2240/40 , F25J2250/02 , F25J2270/02
摘要： A process is provided for denitrogenation of a crude LNG stream. A crude LNG stream comprising between about 1% and 10% nitrogen, and the remainder methane and heavier hydrocarbons, is expanded in a means for expansion, and cooled. Resultant crude LNG stream is introduced into nitrogen rejection column, wherein nitrogen content of LNG is reduced. A nitrogen-enriched vapor stream is withdrawn from top of the column, and a nitrogen-diminished liquid stream is withdrawn from bottom of the column. The nitrogen-diminished bottoms LNG stream is pumped to higher pressure and then divided into two streams. The second stream is reduced in pressure and then passed through reboiler heat exchanger, thus cooling the crude LNG stream. Partially vaporized second stream is reinjected into column at a level above the level of withdrawal of nitrogen-diminished bottoms LNG stream and below the level of introduction of crude LNG feed stream to provide column boilup.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于粗制LNG流的脱氮的方法。 包含约1％至10％氮气和其余甲烷和较重烃的粗LNG流在膨胀和冷却装置中膨胀。 将生成的原油LNG流引入氮排除塔，其中LNG的氮含量降低。 从塔的顶部排出富氮蒸汽流，并从塔的底部排出氮气减少的液体物流。 将氮气减少的底部LNG流泵送到较高压力，然后分成两股。 第二流减压，然后通过再沸器热交换器，从而冷却原油LNG流。 将部分汽化的第二流以高于氮气减少的塔底LNG流的撤出水平的水平重新注入塔中，并且低于原料LNG进料流的引入水平以提供塔沸腾。
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公开(公告)号：US07127914B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US10664336
申请日：2003-09-17
CPC分类号： F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0022 , F25J1/005 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0097 , F25J1/0217 , F25J1/0218 , F25J1/0267 , F25J1/0268 , F25J1/0274 , F25J1/0291 , F25J1/0292 , F25J2220/62 , F25J2220/64 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2270/16
摘要： Method for gas liquefaction comprising cooling a feed gas by a first refrigeration system in a first heat exchange zone and withdrawing a substantially liquefied stream therefrom, further cooling the substantially liquefied stream by indirect heat exchange with one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams in a second heat exchange zone, and withdrawing therefrom a further cooled, substantially liquefied stream. At least one of the one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams is provided by compressing one or more refrigerant gases to provide a compressed refrigerant stream, cooling all or a portion of the compressed refrigerant stream in a third heat exchange zone to provide a cooled, compressed refrigerant stream, and work expanding the cooled, compressed refrigerant stream to provide one of the one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams. The flow rate of a work-expanded refrigerant stream in the second heat exchange zone typically is less than the total flow rate of one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams in the third heat exchange zone.
摘要翻译： 用于气体液化的方法，包括通过第一热交换区域中的第一制冷系统冷却进料气体并从其中排出基本上液化的物流，通过在一秒钟内与一个或多个工作膨胀的制冷剂流间接热交换进一步冷却基本上液化的流 热交换区，并从其中抽出进一步冷却的基本上液化的物流。 一个或多个工作膨胀的制冷剂流中的至少一个通过压缩一个或多个制冷剂气体以提供压缩的制冷剂流来提供，在第三热交换区域中冷却压缩的制冷剂流的全部或一部分，以提供冷却的， 压缩的制冷剂流，并且对冷却的压缩的制冷剂流进行扩展，以提供一个或多个工作膨胀的制冷剂流中的一个。 第二热交换区中的工作膨胀的制冷剂流的流量通常小于第三热交换区中的一个或多个工作膨胀的制冷剂流的总流量。
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公开(公告)号：US20100024477A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-04
申请号：US12570321
申请日：2009-09-30
IPC分类号： F25J3/00
CPC分类号： F25J1/0022 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0055 , F25J1/0216 , F25J1/0231 , F25J1/0239 , F25J1/0241 , F25J1/0258 , F25J1/0292 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0242 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/30 , F25J2200/74 , F25J2205/02 , F25J2205/50 , F25J2215/64 , F25J2235/60 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2270/12 , F25J2270/60 , F25J2270/66 , F25J2290/40
摘要： The separation of methane from an admixture (110) with ethane and higher hydrocarbons, especially natural gas, using a scrub column (114), in which the admixture is separated into a methane-rich overhead (116) that is partially condensed (122) to provide reflux to the column (114) and liquid methane-depleted bottoms liquid (126), is improved by providing additional reflux (136) derived from an ethane enriched stream (130) from fractionation (128) of the bottoms liquid. Preferably, absorber liquid (140) from the fractionation (128) also is introduced into the scrub column. The vapor fraction (120) remaining after partial condensation can be liquefied (122) to provide LNG product (124).
摘要翻译： 使用洗涤塔（114）将甲烷与乙烷和高级烃特别是天然气从混合物（110）分离，其中将混合物分离成部分冷凝的富含甲烷的塔顶馏出物（116） 通过从底部液体的分馏（128）提供来自富含乙烷的物流（130）的附加回流（136）来提高回流到塔（114）和液体甲烷贫化的塔底液体（126）。 优选地，来自分馏（128）的吸收液体（140）也被引入洗涤塔中。 部分冷凝后残留的蒸气馏分（120）可液化（122）以提供LNG产品（124）。
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公开(公告)号：US06487877B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-03
申请号：US10136999
申请日：2002-05-01
申请人： John Louis Griffiths , Adam Adrian Brostow , Declan Patrick O'Connor , Swaninathan Sunder , Patrick Alan Houghton
发明人： John Louis Griffiths , Adam Adrian Brostow , Declan Patrick O'Connor , Swaninathan Sunder , Patrick Alan Houghton
IPC分类号： F25J300
CPC分类号： F25J3/04636 , F25J3/0406 , F25J3/04163 , F25J3/04242 , F25J3/04254 , F25J3/044 , F25J3/08 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2205/02 , F25J2205/20 , F25J2205/30 , F25J2205/80 , F25J2205/84 , F25J2210/42 , F25J2215/42 , F25J2220/40 , F25J2235/42 , F25J2235/52 , F25J2240/22 , F25J2240/90 , F25J2250/42 , F25J2250/52 , Y10S62/908 , Y10S62/913
摘要： A process for producing a nitrogen-enriched vapor product from a supply of a nitrogen-rich liquid uses a purifying device and a distillation column having a distillation zone. The process includes the steps of: feeding at least a portion of the supply of the nitrogen-rich liquid to the distillation zone at a first location; feeding a stream of a gas containing nitrogen and at least one contaminant to the purifying device, wherein the gas is cooled by a cryogenic liquid whereby at least a portion of the at least one contaminant condenses, solidifies, or dissolves; eventually feeding at least a portion of the cool gas from the purifying device to the distillation zone at a second location below the first location; withdrawing a stream of the nitrogen-enriched vapor product from the distillation zone; and withdrawing a stream of an oxygen-enriched liquid from the distillation zone.
摘要翻译： 从富氮液体的供给产生富氮蒸气产物的方法使用具有蒸馏区的净化装置和蒸馏塔。 该方法包括以下步骤：在第一位置将至少一部分富氮液体供应给蒸馏区; 将含有氮气和至少一种污染物的气体流供给到净化装置，其中气体由低温液体冷却，由此至少一部分污染物冷凝，固化或溶解; 最终在第一位置下方的第二位置将至少一部分冷气从净化装置进料到蒸馏区; 从蒸馏区抽出富氮蒸气产物流; 以及从所述蒸馏区抽出富氧液体流。
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公开(公告)号：US20080016910A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-24
申请号：US11491329
申请日：2006-07-21
CPC分类号： F25J3/0209 , F25J1/0022 , F25J1/004 , F25J1/0045 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0055 , F25J1/0216 , F25J1/0231 , F25J1/0241 , F25J1/0247 , F25J1/0262 , F25J1/0265 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0238 , F25J3/0242 , F25J3/0247 , F25J2200/04 , F25J2200/30 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2200/72 , F25J2200/78 , F25J2205/50 , F25J2215/62 , F25J2215/64 , F25J2215/66 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2270/12 , F25J2270/66 , F25J2280/10
摘要： Process for the liquefaction of natural gas and the recovery of components heavier than methane wherein natural gas is cooled and separated in a first distillation column into an overhead vapor enriched in methane and a bottoms stream enriched in components heavier than methane, wherein the first distillation column utilizes a liquefied methane-containing reflux stream. This reflux stream may be provided by a condensed portion of the overhead vapor or a portion of totally condensed overhead vapor that is subsequently warmed. The bottoms stream may be separated in one or more additional distillation columns to provide one or more product streams, any of which are partially or totally withdrawn as recovered hydrocarbons. A stream of unrecovered liquid hydrocarbons may be combined with either the condensed portion of the overhead vapor or a portion of totally condensed overhead vapor that is subsequently warmed.
摘要翻译： 天然气的液化和甲烷比甲烷重的回收方法，其中将天然气在第一蒸馏塔中冷却和分离成富含甲烷的塔顶蒸气和富含甲烷重的组分的塔底馏分，其中第一蒸馏塔 利用液化甲烷回流。 该回流可以由塔顶蒸气的冷凝部分或完全冷凝的塔顶蒸气的一部分提供，随后加热。 底部物流可以在一个或多个另外的蒸馏塔中分离以提供一种或多种产物流，其中任何一种作为回收的烃部分或全部被排出。 未回收的液体烃流可与塔顶蒸气的冷凝部分或随后加热的完全冷凝的塔顶蒸气的一部分组合。
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公开(公告)号：US07302812B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-04
申请号：US10654216
申请日：2003-09-02
IPC分类号： F25J3/00
CPC分类号： F25J3/08 , B01D3/009 , B01D3/146 , B01D3/322 , B01D59/04 , B01D59/28 , B01D59/50 , C01B4/00 , C01B13/00 , F25J2205/40 , F25J2205/82 , F25J2215/10 , F25J2215/50 , F25J2220/90 , F25J2270/12 , F25J2270/66 , Y02P20/127 , Y10S62/919
摘要： A process for producing an isotopically enriched compound of a desired isotope includes (a) providing a cryogenic reaction zone containing a catalyst adapted to catalyze an isotope exchange reaction at a cryogenic reaction temperature, (b) feeding to the cryogenic reaction zone an enriched mixture comprising at least a compound containing the desired isotope, wherein the enriched mixture is enriched in the desired isotope above a natural abundance of the desired isotope, (c) reacting the enriched mixture in the cryogenic reaction zone thereby forming a resulting mixture containing the isotopically enriched compound, and (d) separating the resulting mixture into an enriched product which is enriched in the isotopically enriched compound and a depleted product which is depleted in the isotopically enriched compound.
摘要翻译： 一种用于产生所需同位素同位素富集的化合物的方法包括（a）提供含有适于在低温反应温度下催化同位素交换反应的催化剂的低温反应区，（b）向低温反应区提供富集的混合物， 至少含有所需同位素的化合物，其中富集的混合物富含所需同位素的天然丰度以上，（c）使富集的混合物在低温反应区中反应，从而形成含有同位素富集化合物的所得混合物 ，和（d）将所得混合物分离成富集的同位素富集的化合物的富集产物和富含同位素的化合物中耗尽的贫化产物。
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公开(公告)号：US06843973B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-18
申请号：US10137051
申请日：2002-05-01
CPC分类号： F25J3/04745 , B01D53/32 , B01D53/72 , B01D53/864 , F25J3/04963 , F25J2205/82 , F25J2205/86 , F25J2210/42 , F25J2220/52
摘要： In a process for the recovery of krypton and xenon, an oxygen-enriched stream containing krypton and/or xenon and hydrocarbons is removed from an air separation unit. A substantial portion of the hydrocarbons, especially methane, ethane, and acetylene, is removed from the oxygen-enriched stream prior to the distillation process. The hydrocarbon removal process includes, but is not restricted to, the hydrocarbons reacting with a portion of the oxygen present in the feed gas. The krypton and xenon are eventually recovered from the oxygen stream through a distillation process. The distillation process is performed in such a manner that at least a stream further enriched in both krypton and xenon is produced.
摘要翻译： 在回收氪和氙的过程中，从空气分离单元去除含有氪和/或氙和烃的富氧流。 在蒸馏过程之前，大部分烃，特别是甲烷，乙烷和乙炔在富氧流中被除去。 烃去除方法包括但不限于与进料气体中存在的一部分氧气反应的烃。 氪和氙最终通过蒸馏过程从氧气流中回收。 蒸馏过程以至少进一步富含氪和氙的流产生的方式进行。
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公开(公告)号：US08464551B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-18
申请号：US12272909
申请日：2008-11-18
IPC分类号： F25J5/00
CPC分类号： F25J1/005 , F25J1/0022 , F25J1/004 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0087 , F25J1/009 , F25J1/0095 , F25J1/0097 , F25J1/0204 , F25J1/0205 , F25J1/0254 , F25J1/0263 , F25J1/0265 , F25J1/0267 , F25J1/0268 , F25J1/0283 , F25J1/0284 , F25J1/0288 , F25J1/0294 , F25J2220/62 , F25J2230/08 , F25J2230/32 , F25J2270/16 , F25J2290/62
摘要： A method for liquefaction using a closed loop refrigeration system, the method comprising the steps of (a) compressing a gaseous refrigerant stream in at least one compressor; (b) cooling the compressed gaseous refrigerant stream in a first heat exchanger; (c) expanding at least a first portion of the cooled, compressed gaseous refrigerant stream from the first heat exchanger in a first expander to provide a first expanded gaseous refrigerant stream; and (d) cooling and substantially liquefying a feed gas stream to form a substantially liquefied feed gas stream in a second heat exchanger through indirect heat exchange against at least a first portion of the first expanded gaseous refrigerant stream from the first expander, wherein the first expanded gaseous refrigerant stream exiting the first expander is substantially vapor.
摘要翻译： 一种使用闭环制冷系统进行液化的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：（a）在至少一个压缩机中压缩气态制冷剂流; （b）在第一热交换器中冷却压缩的气态制冷剂流; （c）在第一膨胀机中使来自第一热交换器的冷却的压缩气态制冷剂流的至少第一部分膨胀以提供第一膨胀气态制冷剂流; 和（d）冷却并基本上液化进料气流，以在第二热交换器中通过与来自第一膨胀器的第一膨胀气态制冷剂流的至少第一部分的间接热交换而形成基本液化的进料气流，其中第一 离开第一膨胀机的膨胀的气态制冷剂流是基本上蒸气的。
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公开(公告)号：US20090139263A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-04
申请号：US11949828
申请日：2007-12-04
IPC分类号： F25J3/02
CPC分类号： F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0257 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2215/04 , F25J2240/30 , F25J2250/02 , F25J2290/40
摘要： Processes are provided for the denitrogenation of a crude LNG stream. A crude LNG stream is expanded and then cooled in a thermosyphon reboiler. The resultant crude LNG stream is introduced into a nitrogen rejection column, wherein the nitrogen content of the LNG is reduced as the liquid flows down the column. A nitrogen-enriched vapor stream is withdrawn from the top of the column, and a first, and optionally a second, nitrogen-diminished liquid stream is withdrawn from the bottom of the column. The first stream may be recovered as a LNG product, and the second stream is passed through the thermosyphon reboiler, cooling the crude LNG stream, while partially vaporizing the second stream. The vaporized second stream is reinjected into the column at a level above the level of withdrawal of the second nitrogen-diminished bottoms LNG stream to provide column boilup. Alternatively, the thermosyphon reboiler is placed within the column.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于粗制LNG流的脱氮的方法。 将粗的LNG流膨胀，然后在热虹吸再沸器中冷却。 将所得的粗制LNG流引入氮排除塔中，其中当液体向下流动时，LNG的氮含量降低。 从塔顶排出富氮蒸气物流，并从塔的底部排出第一和任选第二个氮气减少的液体物流。 第一流可以作为LNG产物回收，并且第二流通过热虹吸再沸器，冷却粗的LNG流，同时部分蒸发第二流。 蒸发的第二物流以高于第二氮气减少的底部LNG流的排出水平的水平重新注入塔中，以提供塔沸腾。 或者，将热虹吸再沸器放置在塔内。
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