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1.发明授权System and method for surface decontamination using electromagnetic surface waves 失效使用电磁表面波进行表面去污的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07931858B1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-26
申请号：US12144134
申请日：2008-06-23
IPC分类号： A61L2/02
CPC分类号： A61L2/14 , A61L2202/11 , H05H1/46 , H05H2001/4615 , H05H2245/123
摘要： A method of decontaminating a surface is provided. A surface to propagate electromagnetic surface waves is provided having a frequency in the microwave spectrum between 1 GHz and 1000 GHz. The surface includes a surface-wave medium or the surface-wave medium is laminated on the surface for confining the electromagnetic surface waves to the surface. The surface-wave medium includes a conductive ground plane. A dielectric is provided on the ground plane. A metallic pattern is provided on the dielectric for increasing an inductive reactance of the surface-wave medium. Electromagnetic surface waves are transmitted onto the surface from a surface-wave coupler coupled to the surface for destroying, removing, or neutralizing chemical or biological surface contaminants. The surface contaminants are destroyed, removed, or neutralized with a plasma created by the electromagnetic surface waves or through absorption of the electromagnetic surface waves.
摘要翻译： 提供一种净化表面的方法。 提供具有在1GHz和1000GHz之间的微波频谱中的频率的用于传播电磁表面波的表面。 表面包括表面波介质或表面波介质层压在表面上以将电磁表面波限制在表面上。 表面波介质包括导电接地平面。 在接地平面上提供电介质。 在电介质上提供金属图案以增加表面波介质的感抗。 电磁表面波从耦合到表面的表面波耦合器传播到表面上，用于破坏，去除或中和化学或生物表面污染物。 表面污染物被由电磁表面波产生的等离子体或通过吸收电磁表面波而被破坏，去除或中和。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09933213B1
公开(公告)日：2018-04-03
申请号：US13490376
申请日：2012-06-06
申请人： Alan J. Jacobsen , William B. Barvosa-Carter , Adam F. Gross , Robert Cumberland , Kevin W. Kirby , David Kisailus
发明人： Alan J. Jacobsen , William B. Barvosa-Carter , Adam F. Gross , Robert Cumberland , Kevin W. Kirby , David Kisailus
CPC分类号： F28D20/023 , B22F1/0007 , B29D11/00663 , C04B38/0032 , G02B6/12002 , G02B6/138
摘要： A method of forming a three-dimensional (3D) composite structure includes: securing a mask between a collimated light source and a volume of a photo-monomer; directing a collimated light beam from the collimated light source to the mask for a period of exposure time such that a portion of the collimated light beam passes through the mask and is guided by a plurality of apertures into the photo-monomer to form a plurality of waveguides through a portion of the volume of the photo-monomer; removing any uncured photo-monomer to leave behind a three-dimensional ordered open-cellular microstructure to define an open volume and a structure of a first continuous material of the three-dimensional composite material; and placing a second continuous material in the open volume, wherein the second continuous material and the first continuous material share an interface between each other, and wherein the interface is everywhere continuous.
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3.发明授权Composite structures with ordered three-dimensional (3D) continuous interpenetrating phases 有权具有有序三维（3D）连续互穿相的复合结构公开(公告)号：US08320727B1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-27
申请号：US12008479
申请日：2008-01-11
申请人： Alan J. Jacobsen , William B. Barvosa-Carter , Adam F. Gross , Robert Cumberland , Kevin W. Kirby , David Kisailus
发明人： Alan J. Jacobsen , William B. Barvosa-Carter , Adam F. Gross , Robert Cumberland , Kevin W. Kirby , David Kisailus
CPC分类号： F28D20/023 , B22F1/0007 , B29D11/00663 , C04B38/0032 , G02B6/12002 , G02B6/138
摘要： A three-dimensional (3D) composite structure and a method of making the same. In one embodiment, the 3D composite structure includes a 3D ordered microstructure and a second continuous material. The 3D ordered microstructure includes first truss elements defined by first self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a first direction, second truss elements defined by second self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a second direction, and third truss elements defined by third self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a third direction. The first, second, and third truss elements interpenetrate each other at nodes to form a first continuous material with the three-dimensional ordered microstructure. In addition, the second continuous material has different physical properties than the first continuous material and shares an interface with the three-dimensional ordered microstructure, and wherein the interface is everywhere continuous.
摘要翻译： 三维（3D）复合结构及其制作方法。 在一个实施例中，3D复合结构包括3D有序微结构和第二连续材料。 3D有序微结构包括由第一自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第一方向延伸的第一桁架元件，由第二自传播聚合物波导限定并沿第二方向延伸的第二桁架元件， 传播聚合物波导并沿着第三方向延伸。 第一，第二和第三桁架元件在节点处相互渗透以形成具有三维有序微结构的第一连续材料。 此外，第二连续材料具有与第一连续材料不同的物理性能，并且与三维有序微结构共享界面，并且其中界面无处不在。
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公开(公告)号：US09546826B1
公开(公告)日：2017-01-17
申请号：US12691393
申请日：2010-01-21
CPC分类号： F28D15/046 , F28D15/02 , F28D15/0233 , H01L23/427
摘要： A heat transport structure is provided having a structural microtruss wick with a thermal transport medium associated with the microtruss wick for thermal energy transport by fluid and vapor transport between a heat source and a heat sink.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种热传输结构，其具有结构微桁架芯，其具有与微桁架芯相关联的热传输介质，用于通过热源和散热器之间的流体和蒸气传输进行热能传输。
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5.发明授权Structural coatings with dewetting and anti-icing properties, and coating precursors for fabricating same 有权具有去湿和防冰性能的结构涂层，以及用于制造其的涂层前体公开(公告)号：US09546280B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-17
申请号：US13708642
申请日：2012-12-07
申请人： Andrew P. Nowak , Adam F. Gross , Michael H. Bartl
发明人： Andrew P. Nowak , Adam F. Gross , Michael H. Bartl
CPC分类号： C09D7/67 , B82Y30/00 , C08K9/06 , C08K13/06 , C08K2003/265 , C08K2201/005 , C08K2201/011 , C09D5/00 , C09D5/1681 , C09D7/40 , C09D175/04 , C09K3/18 , Y10S977/773 , Y10T428/24372 , Y10T428/2438 , Y10T428/24388 , Y10T428/24405 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/24421
摘要： Variations of this invention provide durable, impact-resistant structural coatings that have both dewetting and anti-icing properties. The coatings in some embodiments possess a self-similar structure that combines a low-cost matrix with two feature sizes that are tuned to affect the wetting of water and freezing of water on the surface. Dewetting and anti-icing performance is simultaneously achieved in a structural coating comprising multiple layers, wherein each layer includes (a) a continuous matrix; (b) discrete templates dispersed that promote surface roughness to inhibit wetting of water; and (c) nanoparticles that inhibit heterogeneous nucleation of water. These structural coatings utilize low-cost, lightweight, and environmentally benign materials that can be rapidly sprayed over large areas using convenient coating processes. The presence of multiple layers means that if the surface is damaged during use, freshly exposed surface will expose a coating identical to that which was removed, for extended lifetime.
摘要翻译： 本发明的变化提供耐久，耐冲击的结构涂层，其具有去湿和抗结冰性能。 一些实施例中的涂层具有自相似的结构，其将低成本矩阵与两个特征尺寸相结合，该特征尺寸被调谐以影响水的润湿和表面上的水的冻结。 在包括多层的结构涂层中同时实现脱水和防冰性能，其中每层包括（a）连续的基体; （b）分散的离散模板，其促进表面粗糙度以抑制水的润湿; 和（c）抑制水的异质成核的纳米颗粒。 这些结构涂料使用低成本，轻质和环保的材料，可以使用方便的涂层工艺快速喷涂在大面积上。 多层的存在意味着如果在使用过程中表面受损，新鲜曝光的表面将暴露与被去除的涂层相同的涂层，以延长使用寿命。
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公开(公告)号：US08920978B1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-30
申请号：US12476258
申请日：2009-06-02
申请人： Adam F. Gross , John J. Vajo , Ping Liu , Elena Sherman
发明人： Adam F. Gross , John J. Vajo , Ping Liu , Elena Sherman
IPC分类号： H01M4/66
CPC分类号： H01M4/66 , B82Y30/00 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/48 , H01M4/485 , H01M4/502 , H01M4/505 , H01M4/523 , H01M4/525 , H01M4/624 , H01M4/625 , H01M4/663 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/058 , H01M2220/20 , Y10S977/78 , Y10S977/948
摘要： The present invention provides a battery electrode comprising an active battery material enclosed in the pores of a conductive nanoporous scaffold. The pores in the scaffold constrain the dimensions for the active battery material and inhibit sintering, which results in better cycling stability, longer battery lifetime, and greater power through less agglomeration. Additionally, the scaffold forms electrically conducting pathways to the active battery nanoparticles that are dispersed. In some variations, a battery electrode of the invention includes an electrically conductive scaffold material with pores having at least one length dimension selected from about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm, and an oxide material contained within the pores, wherein the oxide material is electrochemically active.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种电池电极，其包括封闭在导电纳米多孔支架的孔中的活性电池材料。 支架中的孔隙限制了活性电池材料的尺寸并抑制了烧结，这导致更好的循环稳定性，更长的电池寿命，并且通过较少的聚集具有更大的功率。 此外，支架形成分散的活性电池纳米颗粒的导电通路。 在一些变型中，本发明的电池电极包括具有孔的导电支架材料，孔隙具有选自约0.5nm至约100nm的至少一个长度尺寸，以及包含在孔内的氧化物材料，其中氧化物材料具有电化学活性 。
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公开(公告)号：US08272309B1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-25
申请号：US13370256
申请日：2012-02-09
IPC分类号： F41H5/02
CPC分类号： F41H5/0492 , F41H5/0414 , F41H5/0442
摘要： A composite truss armor and a method of manufacturing the same. The composite truss armor includes a filler material and a three-dimensional (3D) ordered truss structure. The 3D ordered truss structure includes: a plurality of first truss elements defined by a plurality of first self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a first direction; a plurality of second truss elements defined by a plurality of second self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a second direction; and a plurality of third truss elements defined by a plurality of third self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a third direction. The first, second, and third ordered truss elements interpenetrate each other at a plurality of nodes to form a continuous material. The first, second, and third truss elements define an open space. The filler material occupies at least a portion of the open space, and the 3D ordered truss structure is self-supporting.
摘要翻译： 一种复合桁架装甲及其制造方法。 复合桁架装甲包括填充材料和三维（3D）有序桁架结构。 3D有序桁架结构包括：由多个第一自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第一方向延伸的多个第一桁架元件; 由多个第二自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第二方向延伸的多个第二桁架元件; 以及由多个第三自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第三方向延伸的多个第三桁架元件。 第一，第二和第三有序的桁架元件在多个节点处相互渗透以形成连续材料。 第一，第二和第三桁架元件定义了一个开放空间。 填充材料占据开放空间的至少一部分，并且3D有序桁架结构是自支撑的。
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公开(公告)号：US07938989B1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US12589262
申请日：2009-10-20
IPC分类号： G02B1/12
CPC分类号： F28D20/023 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A composite structure for storing thermal energy. In one embodiment, an apparatus for storing thermal energy includes: a thermal storage material and a three-dimensional structure. The three-dimensional structure includes: a plurality of first truss elements defined by a plurality of first self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a first direction; a plurality of second truss elements defined by a plurality of second self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a second direction; and a plurality of third truss elements defined by a plurality of third self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a third direction. The first, second, and third truss elements interpenetrate each other at a plurality of nodes to form a continuous material. The first, second, and third truss elements define an open space. The thermal storage material occupies at least a portion of the open space, and the three-dimensional structure is self-supporting.
摘要翻译： 一种用于储存热能的复合结构。 在一个实施例中，用于存储热能的装置包括：热存储材料和三维结构。 三维结构包括：由多个第一自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第一方向延伸的多个第一桁架元件; 由多个第二自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第二方向延伸的多个第二桁架元件; 以及由多个第三自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第三方向延伸的多个第三桁架元件。 第一，第二和第三桁架元件在多个节点处相互渗透以形成连续材料。 第一，第二和第三桁架元件定义了一个开放空间。 储热材料占据开放空间的至少一部分，并且三维结构是自支撑的。
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公开(公告)号：US07718227B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-18
申请号：US11465097
申请日：2006-08-16
IPC分类号： B05D3/02
CPC分类号： C09D5/32
摘要： Flexible thermal control coatings for use on components of spacecraft and methods for fabricating such coatings are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a flexible thermal control coating comprises a flexible organic binder for disposition on the component and an inorganic material having a radiation absorptance (α) of less than about 0.2 and an emissivity (ε) of at least about 0.6. The inorganic material and the organic binder are oriented relative to each other so that an exterior surface of the coating has a higher concentration of inorganic material than an interior surface of the coating and a lower concentration of organic binder than the interior surface.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于航天器部件的柔性热控涂层和制造这种涂层的方法。 在示例性实施例中，柔性热控制涂层包括用于配置在组件上的柔性有机粘合剂和具有小于约0.2的辐射吸收率（α）和至少约0.6的发射率（“egr”）的无机材料。 无机材料和有机粘合剂相对于彼此定向，使得涂层的外表面具有比内表面更高的无机材料浓度和比内表面更低的有机粘合剂浓度。
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公开(公告)号：US07653276B1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-26
申请号：US12075033
申请日：2008-03-06
CPC分类号： F28D20/023 , Y02E60/145
摘要： A composite structure for storing thermal energy. In one embodiment, an apparatus for storing thermal energy includes: a thermal storage material and a three-dimensional structure. The three-dimensional structure includes: a plurality of first truss elements defined by a plurality of first self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a first direction; a plurality of second truss elements defined by a plurality of second self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a second direction; and a plurality of third truss elements defined by a plurality of third self-propagating polymer waveguides and extending along a third direction. The first, second, and third truss elements interpenetrate each other at a plurality of nodes to form a continuous material. The first, second, and third truss elements define an open space. The thermal storage material occupies at least a portion of the open space, and the three-dimensional structure is self-supporting.
摘要翻译： 一种用于储存热能的复合结构。 在一个实施例中，用于存储热能的装置包括：热存储材料和三维结构。 三维结构包括：由多个第一自传播聚合物波导限定并沿第一方向延伸的多个第一桁架元件; 由多个第二自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第二方向延伸的多个第二桁架元件; 以及由多个第三自传播聚合物波导限定并沿着第三方向延伸的多个第三桁架元件。 第一，第二和第三桁架元件在多个节点处相互渗透以形成连续材料。 第一，第二和第三桁架元件定义了一个开放空间。 储热材料占据开放空间的至少一部分，并且三维结构是自支撑的。
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