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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for removing contaminants and coatings from a substrate using pulsed radiant energy and liquid carbon dioxide 失效使用脉冲辐射能和液体二氧化碳从基板去除污染物和涂层的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5613509A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-25
申请号：US460732
申请日：1995-06-02
CPC分类号： B24C1/086 , B08B7/0035 , B08B7/0042 , B23K26/144 , B23K26/364 , B24C1/003 , B44D3/166
摘要： An improved system and method are provided for removing material coatings or contaminants such as paints from a structure. The system and method include a radiant energy source, such as a flashlamp, for irradiating the target area of the structure with the radiant energy sufficient to initiate the pyrolysis and/or ablation of the coating or contaminant and a low temperature carbon dioxide stream which is directed at the target area to disperse the material from the structure, clean the exposed surface and cool the underlying substrate. The low temperature carbon dioxide stream is formed from a liquid carbon dioxide from a liquid carbon dioxide source which undergoes phase transition to yield a predetermined amount of low temperature carbon dioxide gas and carbon dioxide snow. The system and method eliminate the need for a carbon dioxide pelletizer, a carbon dioxide pellet transport hopper, and a compressed carrier gas which are used in related systems.
摘要翻译： 提供改进的系统和方法用于从结构中去除材料涂层或污染物，例如油漆。 该系统和方法包括辐射能源，例如闪光灯，用于以足以引发涂层或污染物的热解和/或消融的辐射能辐射结构的目标区域，以及低温二氧化碳流 指向目标区域以分散来自结构的材料，清洁暴露的表面并冷却下面的基底。 低温二氧化碳流由来自液态二氧化碳源的液态二氧化碳形成，其经历相变以产生预定量的低温二氧化碳气体和二氧化碳积雪。 该系统和方法消除了在相关系统中使用的二氧化碳造粒机，二氧化碳球粒输送料斗和压缩载气的需要。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for electrostatic precipitating particles from a gaseous effluent 失效用于从气态流出物静电沉淀颗粒的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4070163A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-24
申请号：US603157
申请日：1975-08-08
申请人： Alan C. Kolb , James E. Drummond
发明人： Alan C. Kolb , James E. Drummond
摘要： Apparatus and a method for electrically sweeping particles from a gaseous effluent are disclosed which offer improved efficiency in removing particles of all sizes. A voltage is applied across two electrodes in such a way that a strong electric field can be generated between them. Ions of one sign enter the effluent gas stream from a thermionic ion emitter. A strong electric field is established between the electrodes to move the ions towards the oppositely charged electrode. These ions of one sign rapidly charge the particles because of the strong electric field. The charged particles are moved by the field and deposited on the oppositely charged collection electrode where they agglomerate in preparation for collection and disposal.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于从气态流出物中电除尘颗粒的装置和方法，其提供了去除各种尺寸颗粒的效率。 在两个电极之间施加电压，使得它们之间可以产生强电场。 一个符号的离子进入来自热离子发射器的废气流。 在电极之间建立强电场以将离子移向相对带电的电极。 一个符号的这些离子由于强电场而迅速充电。 带电粒子通过场移动并沉积在相反电荷的收集电极上，在这些收集电极中它们聚集以准备收集和处置。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6094788A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US233294
申请日：1999-01-19
IPC分类号： H01G9/016 , H01G2/10 , H01G9/00 , H01G9/02 , H01G9/038 , H01G9/04 , H01G9/042 , H01G9/058 , H01G9/155 , H05K5/03 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： H01G9/155 , H01G11/12 , H01G9/038 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T29/417 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/435
摘要： A method of making a double layer capacitior includes first and second flat stacks of electrodes adapted to be housed in a closeable two-part capacitor case which includes only a single electrolyte seal. Each electrode stack has a plurality of electrodes connected in parallel, with the electrodes of one stack being interleaved with the electrodes of the other stack to form an interleaved stack, and with the electrodes of each stack being electrically connected to respective capacitor terminals. A porous separator is positioned against the electrodes of one stack before interleaving to prevent electrical shorts between the electrodes. The electrodes are made by folding a compressible, low resistance, aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth, made from activated carbon fibers, around a current collector foil, with a tab of the foils of each electrode of each stack being connected in parallel and connected to the respective capacitor terminal. The height of the interleaved stack is somewhat greater than the inside height of the closed capacitor case, thereby requiring compression of the interleaved electrode stack when placed inside of the case, and thereby maintaining the interleaved electrode stack under modest constant pressure. The closed capacitor case is filled with an electrolytic solution and sealed. A preferred electrolytic solution is made by dissolving an appropriate salt into acetonitrile (CH.sub.3 CN). In one embodiment, the two arts of the capacitor case are conductive and function as the capacitor terminals.
摘要翻译： 制造双层电容器的方法包括适于容纳在仅包括单个电解质密封件的可关闭的两部分电容器壳体中的第一和第二扁平电极组。 每个电极堆叠具有并联连接的多个电极，一个堆叠的电极与另一个堆叠的电极交错，以形成交错堆叠，并且每个堆叠的电极电连接到相应的电容器端子。 在交错之前，多孔分离器抵靠一个堆叠的电极定位，以防止电极之间的电短路。 电极通过在集电器箔周围折叠由活性碳纤维制成的可压缩，低电阻，铝浸渍的碳布制成，每个堆叠的每个电极的箔片的接片平行连接并连接到 各个电容器端子。 交错堆叠的高度稍微大于封闭电容器壳体的内部高度，从而当放置在壳体内部时需要对交错电极堆叠进行压缩，从而将交错的电极堆叠保持在适度的恒定压力下。 封闭的电容器壳体充满电解液并密封。 通过将适当的盐溶解在乙腈（CH 3 CN）中制成优选的电解溶液。 在一个实施例中，电容器壳体的两个技术是导电的并且用作电容器端子。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4071334A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-31
申请号：US602730
申请日：1975-08-07
申请人： Alan C. Kolb , James E. Drummond
发明人： Alan C. Kolb , James E. Drummond
摘要： Apparatus and a method for electrically sweeping particles from a gaseous effluent are disclosed which are particularly efficient in removing small as well as large particles. A voltage is applied across two electrodes in such a way that a strong electric field can be generated between them. A source of ions is provided by bombardment of the effluent gas stream with electrons. A strong electric field established between the electrodes creates at least one region of ions having only one polarity and moves these ions towards the oppositely charged electrode. In the region having ions of one sign, these ions rapidly charge the particles, especially small sized particles because of the strong electric field. The charged particles are moved by the field and deposited on the oppositely charged collection electrode where they agglomerate in preparation for collection and disposal.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于从气体流出物中电除尘颗粒的装置和方法，其特别有效地去除小颗粒以及大颗粒。 在两个电极之间施加电压，使得它们之间可以产生强电场。 通过用电子轰击流出气流提供离子源。 在电极之间建立的强电场产生至少一个仅具有一个极性的离子区域，并将这些离子移向相对带电的电极。 在具有一个符号的离子的区域中，由于强电场，这些离子快速地给粒子，特别是小尺寸的粒子充电。 带电粒子通过场移动并沉积在相反电荷的收集电极上，在这些收集电极中它们聚集以准备收集和处置。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06451073B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-17
申请号：US09573443
申请日：2000-05-16
IPC分类号： H01G900
CPC分类号： H01G9/155 , H01G9/038 , H01G11/12 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T29/417 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/435
摘要： A single cell, multi-electrode high performance double layer capacitor includes first and second flat stacks of electrodes adapted to be housed in a closeable two-part capacitor case which includes only a single electrolyte seal. Each electrode stack has a plurality of electrodes connected in parallel, with the electrodes of one stack being interleaved with the electrodes of the other stack to form an interleaved stack, and with the electrodes of each stack being electrically connected to respective capacitor terminals. A porous separator is positioned against the electrodes of one stack before interleaving to prevent electrical shorts between the electrodes. The electrodes are made by folding a compressible, low resistance, aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth, made from activated carbon fibers, around a current collector foil, with a tab of the foils of each electrode of each stack being connected in parallel and connected to the respective capacitor terminal. The height of the interleaved stack is somewhat greater than the inside height of the closed capacitor case, thereby requiring compression of the interleaved electrode stack when placed inside of the case, and thereby maintaining the interleaved electrode stack under modest constant pressure. The closed capacitor case is filled with an electrolytic solution and sealed. A preferred electrolytic solution is made by dissolving an appropriate salt into acetonitrile (CH3CN). In one embodiment, the two parts of the capacitor case are conductive and function as the capacitor terminals.
摘要翻译： 单电池，多电极高性能双层电容器包括适于容纳在仅包括单个电解质密封件的可关闭的两部分电容器壳体中的第一和第二扁平电极堆叠。 每个电极堆叠具有并联连接的多个电极，一个堆叠的电极与另一个堆叠的电极交错，以形成交错堆叠，并且每个堆叠的电极电连接到相应的电容器端子。 在交错之前，多孔分离器抵靠一个堆叠的电极定位，以防止电极之间的电短路。 电极通过在集电器箔周围折叠由活性碳纤维制成的可压缩，低电阻，铝浸渍的碳布制成，每个堆叠的每个电极的箔片的接片平行连接并连接到 各个电容器端子。 交错堆叠的高度稍微大于封闭电容器壳体的内部高度，从而当放置在壳体内部时需要对交错电极堆叠进行压缩，从而将交错的电极堆叠保持在适度的恒定压力下。 封闭的电容器壳体充满电解液并密封。 通过将适当的盐溶解在乙腈（CH 3 CN）中制成优选的电解溶液。 在一个实施例中，电容器壳体的两部分是导电的并且用作电容器端子。
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公开(公告)号：US5907472A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-25
申请号：US087471
申请日：1998-05-29
IPC分类号： H01G9/016 , H01G2/10 , H01G9/00 , H01G9/02 , H01G9/038 , H01G9/04 , H01G9/042 , H01G9/058 , H01G9/155 , H05K5/03
CPC分类号： H01G9/155 , H01G11/12 , H01G9/038 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T29/417 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/435
摘要： A single cell, multi-electrode high performance double layer capacitor includes first and second flat stacks of electrodes adapted to be housed in a closeable two-part capacitor case which includes only a single electrolyte seal. Each electrode stack has a plurality of electrodes connected in parallel, with the electrodes of one stack being interleaved with the electrodes of the other stack to form an interleaved stack, and with the electrodes of each stack being electrically connected to respective capacitor terminals. A porous separator sleeve is inserted over the electrodes of one stack before interleaving to prevent electrical shorts between the electrodes. The electrodes are made by folding a compressible, low resistance, aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth, made from activated carbon fibers, around a current collector foil, with a tab of the foils of each electrode of each stack being connected in parallel and connected to the respective capacitor terminal. The height of the interleaved stack is somewhat greater than the inside height of the closed capacitor case, thereby requiring compression of the interleaved electrode stack when placed inside of the case, and thereby maintaining the interleaved electrode stack under modest constant pressure. The closed capacitor case is filled with an electrolytic solution and sealed. A preferred electrolytic solution is made by dissolving an appropriate salt into acetonitrile (CH.sub.3 CN). In one embodiment, the two parts of the capacitor case are conductive and function as the capacitor terminals.
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5862035A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US726728
申请日：1996-10-07
IPC分类号： H01G9/016 , H01G2/10 , H01G9/00 , H01G9/02 , H01G9/038 , H01G9/04 , H01G9/042 , H01G9/058 , H01G9/155 , H05K5/03
CPC分类号： H01G9/155 , H01G11/12 , H01G9/038 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T29/417 , Y10T29/43 , Y10T29/435
摘要： A single cell, multi-electrode high performance double layer capacitor includes first and second flat stacks of electrodes adapted to be housed in a closeable two-part capacitor case which includes only a single electrolyte seal. Each electrode stack has a plurality of electrodes connected in parallel, with the electrodes of one stack being interleaved with the electrodes of the other stack to form an interleaved stack, and with the electrodes of each stack being electrically connected to respective capacitor terminals. A porous separator sleeve is inserted over the electrodes of one stack before interleaving to prevent electrical shorts between the electrodes. The electrodes are made by folding a compressible, low resistance, aluminum-impregnated carbon cloth, made from activated carbon fibers, around a current collector foil, with a tab of the foils of each electrode of each stack being connected in parallel and connected to the respective capacitor terminal. The height of the interleaved stack is somewhat greater than the inside height of the closed capacitor case, thereby requiring compression of the interleaved electrode stack when placed inside of the case, and thereby maintaining the interleaved electrode stack under modest constant pressure. The closed capacitor case is filled with an electrolytic solution and sealed. A preferred electrolytic solution is made by dissolving an appropriate salt into acetonitrile (CH.sub.3 CN). In one embodiment, the two parts of the capacitor case are conductive and function as the capacitor terminals.
摘要翻译： 单电池，多电极高性能双层电容器包括适于容纳在仅包括单个电解质密封件的可关闭的两部分电容器壳体中的第一和第二扁平电极堆叠。 每个电极堆叠具有并联连接的多个电极，一个堆叠的电极与另一个堆叠的电极交错，以形成交错堆叠，并且每个堆叠的电极电连接到相应的电容器端子。 在交错之前，将多孔分离器套筒插入一个电池组的电极上以防止电极之间的电短路。 电极通过在集电器箔周围折叠由活性碳纤维制成的可压缩，低电阻，铝浸渍的碳布制成，每个堆叠的每个电极的箔片的接片平行连接并连接到 各个电容器端子。 交错堆叠的高度稍微大于封闭电容器壳体的内部高度，从而当放置在壳体内部时需要对交错电极堆叠进行压缩，从而将交错的电极堆叠保持在适度的恒定压力下。 封闭的电容器壳体充满电解液并密封。 通过将适当的盐溶解在乙腈（CH 3 CN）中制成优选的电解溶液。 在一个实施例中，电容器壳体的两部分是导电的并且用作电容器端子。
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公开(公告)号：US4077782A
公开(公告)日：1978-03-07
申请号：US730026
申请日：1976-10-06
IPC分类号： B03C3/45
CPC分类号： B03C3/45
摘要： An improved collector structure is disclosed which is adapted for use in electrostatic precipitators to increase the efficiency of operation by increasing the electric field uniformity in the device and by reducing the power consumption without appreciably increasing reentrainment of the precipitated particles during operation. The collector is provided with an insulating material of the type which has an electrical relaxation time, .rho..epsilon., that is preferably greater than that associated with the particle current in the gas near the collector electrode, a triboelectric rank that is as low as possible if the collector electrode is negatively charged or as high as possible if the collector electrode is positively charged with respect to the opposite electrode and a thickness and resistivity such that the voltage drop across the insulation does not exceed about 5 to 10% of the applied voltage between the oppositely charged electrodes of the precipitator. A modification of the apparatus includes a mesh or screen grid structure attached to the exposed surface of the insulation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的收集器结构，其适用于静电除尘器，以通过增加器件中的电场均匀性和降低功耗来提高操作效率，而不会明显增加沉淀颗粒在操作过程中的再吸入。 集电器设置有具有电弛豫时间rhoε的类型的绝缘材料，其优选大于与集电极附近的气体中的颗粒电流相关联的绝缘材料，摩擦电等级尽可能低 如果集电极相对于相对电极具有正电荷，则集电极电极为负电荷或尽可能高，并且厚度和电阻率使得绝缘体两端的电压降不超过施加电压的5％至10％ 除尘器的相反电荷的电极。 该装置的修改包括附接到绝缘体的暴露表面的网格或筛网格结构。
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