公开(公告)号：US20060106972A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-18

申请号：US10990189

申请日：2004-11-15

申请人： Sergey Gorobets ,  Alan Bennett ,  Peter Smith ,  Alan Sinclair ,  Kevin Conley ,  Philip Royall

发明人： Sergey Gorobets ,  Alan Bennett ,  Peter Smith ,  Alan Sinclair ,  Kevin Conley ,  Philip Royall

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F2212/1036 ,  G06F2212/7211

摘要： A re-programmable non-volatile memory system, such as a flash EEPROM system, having its memory cells grouped into blocks of cells that are simultaneously erasable is operated in a manner to level out the wear of the individual blocks through repetitive erasing and re-programming. This may be accomplished without use of counts of the number of times the individual blocks experience erase and re-programming but such counts can optionally aid in carrying out the wear leveling process. Individual active physical blocks are chosen to be exchanged with those of an erased block pool in a predefined order.

摘要翻译： 将其存储单元分组为同时可擦除的单元块的诸如闪存EEPROM系统的可重新编程的非易失性存储器系统以通过重复擦除和重新排列来平衡各个块的磨损的方式操作， 编程。 这可以在不使用单个块经历擦除和重新编程的次数的计数的情况下实现，但是这样的计数可以可选地有助于执行磨损均衡过程。 选择单独的活动物理块以按预定义的顺序与擦除的块池的块进行交换。

公开(公告)号：US20060020745A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-26

申请号：US11022369

申请日：2004-12-23

申请人： Kevin Conley ,  Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Kevin Conley ,  Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F3/064 ,  G06F3/061 ,  G06F3/0643 ,  G06F3/0679 ,  G06F12/0246

摘要： Techniques for managing data in a non-volatile memory system (e.g., Flash Memory) are disclosed. A controller can use information relating to a host's file system, which is stored by the host on non-volatile memory, to determine if one or more clusters (or sectors with clusters) are currently allocated. The controller can use the information relating to the host's file system to identify when the host is sending data to the next free cluster and to store such data in a sequential format by copying data from other locations in the non-volatile memory.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于在非易失性存储器系统（例如，闪存）中管理数据的技术。 控制器可以使用由主机在非易失性存储器上存储的主机文件系统相关的信息来确定当前是否分配了一个或多个集群（或具有集群的扇区）。 控制器可以使用与主机文件系统相关的信息来识别主机何时向下一个空闲簇发送数据，并通过从非易失性存储器中的其他位置复制数据来以顺序格式存储这些数据。

公开(公告)号：US20060184723A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

申请号：US11342170

申请日：2006-01-26

申请人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F3/0608 ,  G06F3/0652 ,  G06F3/0679 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  G11C16/16

摘要： Host system data files are written directly to a large erase block flash memory system with a unique identification of each file and offsets of data within the file but without the use of any intermediate logical addresses or a virtual address space for the memory. Directory information of where the files are stored in the memory is maintained within the memory system by its controller, rather than by the host. The file based interface between the host and memory systems allows the memory system controller to utilize the data storage blocks within the memory with increased efficiency.

公开(公告)号：US20050141312A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-30

申请号：US10917867

申请日：2004-08-13

申请人： Alan Sinclair ,  Sergey Gorobets ,  Alan Bennett ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Alan Sinclair ,  Sergey Gorobets ,  Alan Bennett ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F11/20 ,  G06F12/02 ,  G11C7/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/34 ,  G11C29/00

CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 ,  G06F11/1072 ,  G06F11/141 ,  G06F11/1415 ,  G06F11/1658 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F2212/7202 ,  G06F2212/7203 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  G06F2212/7208 ,  G11C11/5621 ,  G11C11/5628 ,  G11C16/102 ,  G11C16/105 ,  G11C16/20 ,  G11C29/00 ,  G11C29/76 ,  G11C2211/5641

摘要： In a nonvolatile memory with block management system that supports update blocks with non-sequential logical units, an index of the logical units in a non-sequential update block is buffered in RAM and stored periodically into the non-volatile memory. In one embodiment, the index is stored in a block dedicated for storing indices. In another embodiment, the index is stored in the update block itself. In yet another embodiment, the index is stored in the header of each logical unit. In another aspect, the logical units written after the last index update but before the next have their indexing information stored in the header of each logical unit. In this way, after a power outage, the location of recently written logical units can be determined without having to perform a scanning during initialization. In yet another aspect, a block is managed as partially sequential and partially non-sequential, directed to more than one logical subgroup.

摘要翻译： 在具有支持具有非顺序逻辑单元的更新块的块管理系统的非易失性存储器中，非顺序更新块中的逻辑单元的索引被缓冲在RAM中并被周期性地存储到非易失性存储器中。 在一个实施例中，索引被存储在专用于存储索引的块中。 在另一个实施例中，索引被存储在更新块本身中。 在另一个实施例中，索引被存储在每个逻辑单元的标题中。 在另一方面，在最后一个索引更新之后但在下一个之前写入的逻辑单元将其索引信息存储在每个逻辑单元的标题中。 以这种方式，在断电之后，可以确定最近写入的逻辑单元的位置，而不必在初始化期间执行扫描。 在另一方面，块被部署顺序地且部分地非顺序地管理，定向到多于一个的逻辑子组。

公开(公告)号：US20060184720A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

申请号：US11060249

申请日：2005-02-16

申请人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F2212/7201

摘要： Host system data files are written directly to a large erase block flash memory system with a unique identification of each file and offsets of data within the file but without the use of any intermediate logical addresses or a virtual address space for the memory. Directory information of where the files are stored in the memory is maintained within the memory system by its controller, rather than by the host. The file based interface between the host and memory systems allows the memory system controller to utilize the data storage blocks within the memory with increased efficiency.

摘要翻译： 主机系统数据文件直接写入具有每个文件的唯一标识和文件内数据偏移量的大型擦除块闪存系统，但不使用任何中间逻辑地址或存储器的虚拟地址空间。 文件存储在存储器中的目录信息由其控制器而不是由主机保存在存储器系统内。 主机和存储器系统之间的基于文件的接口允许存储器系统控制器以更高的效率利用存储器内的数据存储块。

公开(公告)号：US20060184718A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

申请号：US11060174

申请日：2005-02-16

申请人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F3/0608 ,  G06F3/0652 ,  G06F3/0679 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  G11C16/16

摘要： Host system data files are written directly to a large erase block flash memory system with a unique identification of each file and offsets of data within the file but without the use of any intermediate logical addresses or a virtual address space for the memory. Directory information of where the files are stored in the memory is maintained within the memory system by its controller, rather than by the host. The file based interface between the host and memory systems allows the memory system controller to utilize the data storage blocks within the memory with increased efficiency.

摘要翻译： 主机系统数据文件直接写入具有每个文件的唯一标识和文件内数据偏移的大型擦除块闪存系统，但不使用任何中间逻辑地址或存储器的虚拟地址空间。 文件存储在存储器中的目录信息由其控制器而不是由主机保存在存储器系统内。 主机和存储器系统之间的基于文件的接口允许存储器系统控制器以更高的效率利用存储器内的数据存储块。

公开(公告)号：US20060020744A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-26

申请号：US10897049

申请日：2004-07-21

申请人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  Y10S707/99953 ,  Y10S707/99957

摘要： Techniques for managing data in a non-volatile memory system (e.g., Flash Memory) are disclosed. A controller can use information relating to a host's filing system, which is stored by the host on non-volatile memory, to determine if one or more clusters (or sectors with clusters) are currently allocated. The controller can use the information relating to the host's filing system to ensure that one or more clusters (or one or more sectors within a cluster) are not copied from one location to another location in the memory during a garbage collection cycle. As a result, some unnecessary operations (e.g., copying data) which are conventionally performed can be avoided and system performance can be enhanced.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于在非易失性存储器系统（例如，闪存）中管理数据的技术。 控制器可以使用与由主机存储在非易失性存储器上的主机归档系统有关的信息来确定当前是否分配了一个或多个集群（或具有集群的扇区）。 控制器可以使用与主机归档系统相关的信息，以确保在垃圾收集周期期间，一个或多个集群（或集群内的一个或多个扇区）不会从一个位置复制到存储器中的另一个位置。 结果，可以避免常规执行的一些不必要的操作（例如复制数据），并且可以提高系统性能。

公开(公告)号：US20050144360A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-30

申请号：US10750155

申请日：2003-12-30

申请人： Alan Bennett ,  Alan Bryce ,  Sergey Gorobets ,  Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Alan Bennett ,  Alan Bryce ,  Sergey Gorobets ,  Alan Sinclair ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G06F11/20 ,  G06F12/02 ,  G11C7/00 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/34 ,  G11C29/00 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G06F12/08

CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 ,  G06F11/1072 ,  G06F11/141 ,  G06F11/1415 ,  G06F11/1658 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F2212/7202 ,  G06F2212/7203 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  G06F2212/7208 ,  G11C11/5621 ,  G11C11/5628 ,  G11C16/102 ,  G11C16/105 ,  G11C16/20 ,  G11C29/00 ,  G11C29/76 ,  G11C2211/5641

摘要： A non-volatile memory system is organized in physical groups of physical memory locations. Each physical group (metablock) is erasable as a unit and can be used to store a logical group of data. A memory management system allows for update of a logical group of data by allocating a metablock dedicated to recording the update data of the logical group. The update metablock records update data in the order received and has no restriction on whether the recording is in the correct logical order as originally stored (sequential) or not (chaotic). Eventually the update metablock is closed to further recording. One of several processes will take place, but will ultimately end up with a fully filled metablock in the correct order which replaces the original metablock. In the chaotic case, directory data is maintained in the non-volatile memory in a manner that is conducive to frequent updates. The system supports multiple logical groups being updated concurrently.

摘要翻译： 非易失性存储器系统被组织在物理存储器位置的物理组中。 每个物理组（元区块）作为一个单元是可擦除的，可用于存储一组逻辑数据。 存储器管理系统允许通过分配专用于记录逻辑组的更新数据的元区块来更新逻辑数据组。 更新元区块以所接收的顺序记录更新数据，并且对于是否按照原始存储（顺序）或不是混乱的顺序，记录是否处于正确的逻辑顺序中是没有限制的。 最终，更新元区块被关闭以进一步录制。 几个进程之一将发生，但最终将以完全填充的元区块以正确的顺序取代原来的元区块。 在混乱的情况下，目录数据以有利于频繁更新的方式保存在非易失性存储器中。 系统支持同时更新的多个逻辑组。

公开(公告)号：US20160210968A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-21

申请号：US14598958

申请日：2015-01-16

申请人： Lisa Ouakil ,  Abdelhamid Ouakil ,  Ouns Mouri ,  Peter Smith

发明人： Lisa Ouakil ,  Abdelhamid Ouakil ,  Ouns Mouri ,  Peter Smith

IPC分类号： G10L15/28 ,  G06F17/27 ,  G10L15/065

CPC分类号： G06F17/274 ,  G06F17/2765 ,  G06F17/2785 ,  G10L15/183 ,  G10L2015/228

摘要： The invention is system and method to recognize speech vocalizations using context-specific grammars and vocabularies. The system and method allow increased accuracy of recognized utterances by eliminating all language encodings irrelevant to the current context and allowing identification of appropriate context transitions. The system and method creates a context dependent speech recognition system with multiple supported contexts, each with specific grammar and vocabulary, and each identifying the potential context transition allowed. The system and method also include programmatic integration between the context dependent speech recognition system and other systems to make use of the recognized speech.

摘要翻译： 本发明是使用上下文特定语法和词汇识别语音发声的系统和方法。 该系统和方法允许通过消除与当前上下文无关的所有语言编码并允许识别适当的上下文转换来增加识别话语的准确性。 系统和方法创建具有多个支持的上下文的上下文相关语音识别系统，每个具有特定语法和词汇，并且每个识别允许的潜在上下文转换。 系统和方法还包括上下文相关语音识别系统与其他系统之间的程序化集成，以利用所识别的语音。

公开(公告)号：US09164768B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-20

申请号：US13333939

申请日：2011-12-21

申请人： Peter Smith ,  David Richard Hargreaves

发明人： Peter Smith ,  David Richard Hargreaves

IPC分类号： G06F15/00 ,  G06F9/30 ,  G06F9/40

CPC分类号： G06F9/30185 ,  G06F9/3016

摘要： A method of executing an instruction set having a first instruction and a second instruction, includes: reading the first instruction; determining whether the first instruction is integral with the second instruction; reading the second instruction; when the first instruction is integral with the second instruction, interpreting a first operator field of the second instruction to represent a first operator; and when the first instruction is not integral with the second instruction, interpreting the first operator field of the second instruction to represent a second operator, wherein the first operator is different to the second operator.

摘要翻译： 一种执行具有第一指令和第二指令的指令集的方法，包括：读取第一指令; 确定所述第一指令是否与所述第二指令成一体; 阅读第二条指令 当第一指令与第二指令成一体时，解释第二指令的第一操作符字段来表示第一操作符; 并且当第一指令不与第二指令成一体时，解释第二指令的第一操作符字段来表示第二操作符，其中第一操作符与第二操作符不同。