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    Four-dimensional (4D) image verification in respiratory gated radiation therapy
    1.
    发明授权
    Four-dimensional (4D) image verification in respiratory gated radiation therapy 有权
    呼吸门控放射治疗四维（4D）图像验证

    公开(公告)号：US07570738B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-08-04

    申请号：US11831090

    申请日：2007-07-31

    申请人： Ali Khamene ,  Charles Henri Florin ,  Juan Carlos Celi ,  Barbara Ofstad ,  Mikael Rousson ,  Frank Sauer ,  Christian Schaller

    发明人： Ali Khamene ,  Charles Henri Florin ,  Juan Carlos Celi ,  Barbara Ofstad ,  Mikael Rousson ,  Frank Sauer ,  Christian Schaller

    IPC分类号： A61N5/10 ,  A61B6/02 ,  A61B6/03

    CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 ,  A61B5/113 ,  A61B5/1135 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/541 ,  A61N5/1037 ,  A61N5/1064 ,  A61N5/1068 ,  A61N2005/1059 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  A61N2005/1062

    摘要： A method for four-dimensional (4D) image verification in respiratory gated radiation therapy, includes: acquiring 4D computed tomography (CT) images, each of the 4D CT images representing a breathing phase of a patient and tagged with a corresponding time point of a first surrogate signal; acquiring fluoroscopic images of the patient under free breathing, each of the fluoroscopic images tagged with a corresponding time point of a second surrogate signal; generating digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) for each breathing phase represented by the 4D CT images; generating a similarity matrix to assess a degree of resemblance in a region of interest between the DRRs and the fluoroscopic images; computing a compounded similarity matrix by averaging values of the similarity matrix across different time points of the breathing phase during a breathing period of the patient; determining an optimal time point synchronization between the DRRs and the fluoroscopic images by using the compounded similarity matrix; and acquiring a third surrogate signal and turning a treatment beam on or off according to the optimal time point synchronization.

    摘要翻译： 呼吸门控放射治疗中四维（4D）图像验证的方法包括：获取4D计算机断层摄影（CT）图像，每个4D CT图像代表患者的呼吸阶段，并用相应的时间点标记 第一替代信号; 在自由呼吸下获取患者的透视图像，每个透视图像标记有第二替代信号的相应时间点; 为由4D CT图像表示的每个呼吸阶段生成数字重建X射线照片（DRR）; 生成相似性矩阵以评估DRR和荧光透视图像之间的感兴趣区域中的相似程度; 通过在患者的呼吸期间在呼吸阶段的不同时间点平均相似性矩阵的值来计算复合相似性矩阵; 通过使用复合相似度矩阵确定DRR和荧光透视图像之间的最佳时间点同步; 并根据最佳时间点同步获取第三替代信号并打开或关闭治疗束。

    FOUR-DIMENSIONAL (4D) IMAGE VERIFICATION IN RESPIRATORY GATED RADIATION THERAPY
    2.
    发明申请
    FOUR-DIMENSIONAL (4D) IMAGE VERIFICATION IN RESPIRATORY GATED RADIATION THERAPY 有权
    呼吸道放射治疗中的四维（4D）图像验证

    公开(公告)号：US20080031404A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

    申请号：US11831090

    申请日：2007-07-31

    申请人： Ali Khamene ,  Charles Florin ,  Juan Celi ,  Barbara Ofstad ,  Mikael Rousson ,  Frank Sauer ,  Christian Schaller

    发明人： Ali Khamene ,  Charles Florin ,  Juan Celi ,  Barbara Ofstad ,  Mikael Rousson ,  Frank Sauer ,  Christian Schaller

    IPC分类号： A61B6/00

    CPC分类号： A61N5/1049 ,  A61B5/113 ,  A61B5/1135 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/541 ,  A61N5/1037 ,  A61N5/1064 ,  A61N5/1068 ,  A61N2005/1059 ,  A61N2005/1061 ,  A61N2005/1062

    摘要： A method for four-dimensional (4D) image verification in respiratory gated radiation therapy, includes: acquiring 4D computed tomography (CT) images, each of the 4D CT images representing a breathing phase of a patient and tagged with a corresponding time point of a first surrogate signal; acquiring fluoroscopic images of the patient under free breathing, each of the fluoroscopic images tagged with a corresponding time point of a second surrogate signal; generating digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) for each breathing phase represented by the 4D CT images; generating a similarity matrix to assess a degree of resemblance in a region of interest between the DRRs and the fluoroscopic images; computing a compounded similarity matrix by averaging values of the similarity matrix across different time points of the breathing phase during a breathing period of the patient; determining an optimal time point synchronization between the DRRs and the fluoroscopic images by using the compounded similarity matrix; and acquiring a third surrogate signal and turning a treatment beam on or off according to the optimal time point synchronization.

    摘要翻译： 呼吸门控放射治疗中四维（4D）图像验证的方法包括：获取4D计算机断层摄影（CT）图像，每个4D CT图像代表患者的呼吸阶段，并用相应的时间点标记 第一替代信号; 在自由呼吸下获取患者的透视图像，每个透视图像标记有第二替代信号的相应时间点; 为由4D CT图像表示的每个呼吸阶段生成数字重建X射线照片（DRR）; 生成相似性矩阵以评估DRR和荧光透视图像之间的感兴趣区域中的相似程度; 通过在患者的呼吸期间在呼吸阶段的不同时间点平均相似性矩阵的值来计算复合相似性矩阵; 通过使用复合相似度矩阵确定DRR和荧光透视图像之间的最佳时间点同步; 并根据最佳时间点同步获取第三替代信号并打开或关闭治疗束。

    Process for hardening an annular groove of a piston head by means of laser beams and a piston produced by the process
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for hardening an annular groove of a piston head by means of laser beams and a piston produced by the process 有权
    用于通过激光束和由该过程产生的活塞来硬化活塞头的环形槽的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08297179B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-10-30

    申请号：US12303178

    申请日：2007-02-13

    申请人： Gunter Bürkle ,  Christian Schaller

    发明人： Gunter Bürkle ,  Christian Schaller

    IPC分类号： F16J1/04 ,  B23P15/10

    CPC分类号： C21D1/09 ,  B23K26/60 ,  C21D9/0068 ,  C21D2221/00 ,  Y10T29/49265

    摘要： A process for hardening an annular groove of a piston head of a piston of an internal combustion engine by means of laser beams, in which, at least the annular groove to be hardened is provided before or directly during the hardening process with a coating which absorbs the energy of laser beams. The coating is subsequently irradiated by the laser beams. The absorbing layer can be a manganese phosphate coating or is formed in situ by treating the component surface with a process gas comprising oxygen and inert gas. Furthermore, the laser beams are directed at the piston during hardening at an oblique angle to the direction of rotation. The advantages achieved are avoidance of reflections and undesirable hardening of the bottom of the groove, an increased degree of absorption and reduced distortion of the piston.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于通过激光束对内燃机的活塞的活塞头的环形槽进行硬化的工艺，其中至少要硬化的环形槽在硬化过程之前或之前直接设置在吸收 激光束的能量。 涂层随后被激光束照射。 吸收层可以是磷酸锰涂层，或者是通过用包含氧气和惰性气体的工艺气体处理组分表面而原位形成的。 此外，激光束在与旋转方向成倾斜角度的硬化期间被引导到活塞。 所获得的优点是避免了凹槽底部的反射和不期望的硬化，增加了吸收的程度并减小了活塞的变形。

    METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PISTON OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE BY MEANS OF AN INDUCTIVE ENERGY SUPPLY AND LASER BEAM
    6.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PISTON OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE BY MEANS OF AN INDUCTIVE ENERGY SUPPLY AND LASER BEAM 审中-公开
    通过感应能源和激光束生产内燃机的活塞的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120187110A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-07-26

    申请号：US13377458

    申请日：2010-06-10

    申请人： Christian Schaller

    发明人： Christian Schaller

    IPC分类号： H05B6/02

    CPC分类号： B23K26/0823 ,  B23K26/082 ,  B23K26/10 ,  B23K2101/003

    摘要： A method for producing a piston of an internal combustion engine, wherein the piston has a combustion bowl including a combustion bowl rim. The combustion bowl rim is hardened by being remelted in a first step by means of an inductive energy supply and, in a further step, by a laser beam. The beam can be deflected during a rotary, progressive motion relative to the piston.

    摘要翻译： 一种内燃机的活塞的制造方法，其特征在于，所述活塞具有包括燃烧碗边缘的燃烧碗。 通过借助于感应能量源在第一步骤中重新熔化燃烧碗形边缘并在另一步骤中通过激光束来硬化燃烧碗形边缘。 在相对于活塞的旋转，逐渐运动期间，梁可以偏转。

    Process For Hardening An Annular Groove Of A Piston Head By Means Of Laser Beams And A Piston Produced By The Process
    7.
    发明申请
    Process For Hardening An Annular Groove Of A Piston Head By Means Of Laser Beams And A Piston Produced By The Process 有权
    通过激光束和活塞产生的活塞来硬化活塞头的环形槽的工艺

    公开(公告)号：US20090255113A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-10-15

    申请号：US12303178

    申请日：2007-02-13

    申请人： Gunter Bürkle ,  Christian Schaller

    发明人： Gunter Bürkle ,  Christian Schaller

    IPC分类号： B23P15/06 ,  B23K26/00 ,  B05D3/06

    CPC分类号： C21D1/09 ,  B23K26/60 ,  C21D9/0068 ,  C21D2221/00 ,  Y10T29/49265

    摘要： The invention relates to a process for hardening an annular groove of a piston head (1) of a steel piston of an internal combustion engine by means of laser beams (4), in which, according to the invention, at least the annular groove to be hardened is provided before or directly during hardening with a coating which absorbs the energy of laser beams (4) and the coating is subsequently irradiated with the laser beams (4). The absorbing layer is preferably a manganese phosphate coating or is formed in situ by treating the component surface with a process gas comprising oxygen and inert gas. Furthermore, the laser beams are directed at the piston during hardening at an oblique angle to the direction of rotation. The advantages achieved are: avoidance of reflections and undesirable hardening of the bottom of the rotation. The advantages achieved are: avoidance of reflection and undesirable hardening of the bottom of the groove, an increased degree of absorption and reduced distortion of the piston.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过激光束（4）硬化内燃机的钢活塞的活塞头（1）的环形槽的方法，其中根据本发明，至少将环形槽 在硬化之前或直接硬化时，用吸收激光束（4）的能量的涂层提供硬化，随后用激光束（4）照射涂层。 吸收层优选为磷酸锰涂层，或通过用包括氧气和惰性气体的工艺气体处理组分表面而原位形成。 此外，激光束在与旋转方向成倾斜角度的硬化期间被引导到活塞。 实现的优点是：避免反射和不必要的旋转底部硬化。 实现的优点是：避免反射和凹槽底部的不期望的硬化，增加吸收程度和减小活塞的变形。

    Value document and method and device for the production thereof
    8.
    发明申请
    Value document and method and device for the production thereof 审中-公开
    价值文件及其制作方法及装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060232058A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-19

    申请号：US10513665

    申请日：2003-05-07

    申请人： Monika Girnghuber ,  Petra Roerig ,  Christian Schaller ,  Rainer Sueggeler

    发明人： Monika Girnghuber ,  Petra Roerig ,  Christian Schaller ,  Rainer Sueggeler

    IPC分类号： B42D15/00

    CPC分类号： B42D25/29

    摘要： The invention relates to a paper of value (1) with at least one security feature (3), in particular a bank note (1), as well as a method and an apparatus for producing such a paper of value (1). By virtue of e.g. bank notes (1) being produced with at least one rounded corner area (4a-d, 4a′-d′), the likelihood of the formation of dog-ears and thus of jams during automatic tests in bank note processing machines is reduced.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有至少一个安全特征（3），特别是纸币（1）的价值（1）的纸以及用于生产这种价值（1）的纸的方法和装置。 凭借例如 银行票据（1）生产有至少一个圆角区域（4 a-d，4 a'-d'），减少了在钞票处理机器自动测试过程中形成狗耳的可能性，从而导致卡纸。